Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow ezibiyele

Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow ezibiyele - njengamanje usebenzela sesonto lobu-Orthodox. Indawo: Cathedral Square e Moscow. Kuyinto ethempelini oyinhloko wombuso. Kuyinto isakhiwo endala emzini, okuyinto walondoloza ngokuphelele.

Umlando omfishane

Assumption Cathedral - kuyinto iNdlu Virgin. Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo Dormition Church Russia isibe isiko waqala e Kiev lasendulo, lapho futhi le Hagia Sophia eyakhelwe Cathedral lokuqala kweNyuka ngesikhathi Kiev-Pechersk Monastery. Kuthiwa Virgin Ubusisiwe kakhulu odabulile abaklami kusukela waseConstantinople igolide futhi wathembisa ukuba siphile yethempeli elalisanda kwakhiwa.

Eminyakeni 1326-1327, Ivan Kalita eyakhelwe lombhishobhi itshe kwaqala eMoscow, kule ndawo, futhi ngemva kwayo kwaba khona kweNyuka Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ithempeli lakhiwe Ivanom Kalitoy, kule ndawo lalingesinye lasendulo eMoscow Church (izakhiwo lokhuni kwekhulu XII).

Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow ezibiyele kwaba isonto main eRussia nje emakhulwini amane eminyaka. Kuyo yagcotshwa indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, ungaphakathi wagcwala izenzo zomphakathi ezibalulekile, wakhetha izinzalamizi nababhishobhi basemasontweni. Kwakukhona nezinye, imikhosi eminingi eyisiko ehlobene kubaluleke, okuyinto akhiqizwa ngokunembile kweNyuka Cathedral. Moscow ephakanyiswe izinzalamizi eziningi nababhishobhi basemasontweni, ngoba ezinye kweNyuka Cathedral kwaqala ngengcwaba. amathuna abo zitholakala ngasezindongeni wethempeli.

Cathedral Architecture

Umklami Cathedral of kweNyuka kwaba Italian Aristotle Fioravanti, ogama abamenyiwe Ivan Iii ngokukhethekile. Assumption Cathedral ezibiyele lakhiwa 1475-1479 by wafana kweNyuka Cathedral kwekhulu XII kwelinye omdala Russian amadolobha - Vladimir.

Umnyango omkhulu ongena ethempelini iyona endala kusukela Cathedral Square. A ezitebhisini ububanzi emnyango uqeda portal olunothile nemengamo ezintathu lulwimi yindilinga. Lapha Uyingelosi Enkulu UMikayeli ekanye nengelosi sengathi ubungqabavu yokungena esakhiweni lombhishobhi. ngenhla nje lwaleli - izibalo santa, futhi ngaphezu kwabo okubonisa Virgin Ingane ngezingalo zakhe. Konke lokhu - the nemidwebo emibalabala ezazigcwele high kakhulu we ezikude abaculi Russian kwekhulu nesikhombisa, esimagama yaqhubeka ingaziwa.

Ngaphakathi lombhishobhi, central okuyingxenye uyashiywa altare, iconostasis kwekhulu nesikhombisa (the iconostasis has a ukuphakama mayelana eyishumi nesithupha metres uphinde uthele kancane embozwe Embossed esiliva zegolide), futhi wabulawa abaculi mayelana 1652, abamenyiwe kuZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Monastery. Ngeshwa, ngo-1682 kwaba khona umlilo sesonto, ngenxa eyashayisa isithonjana, kodwa abadwebi wasebukhosini (Kirill Ulanov, George Zinoviev futhi uTikhon filatov) ivuselelwe ngempumelelo. Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, lombhishobhi enilondolozwa abadwebi Russian kwemifanekiso. Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke, isithonjana ubudala, okuyinto sesonto - "Saint George", ke itholakala khona phambi iconostasis.

Leli thempeli obenziwe kugasela amasosha French (War of 1812 ngonyaka). Ingxenye esiliva, owawungumnyaka kamuva Cossacks Russian namanje iphinde ithunjwe futhi waphindela kwelakubo, waba kokuzihlanganisa Iqhwa, okuyinto manje kuthé isikhungo.

Libuye lesikhumbuzo endala ka yobuciko neyezandla Russian nge kweNyuka Cathedral eningizimu yokungena izicabha zayo. Bakhandwa alethwe inhloko-dolobha Suzdal Cathedral (okukhulunywa ekuqaleni ngekhulu nanhlanu). Ziyakwazi igolide (kwi lacquer black) wenza izithombe mayelana amabili phezu kweBhayibheli indaba ephathwayo.

Cathedral manje

Ngemva Russian Revolution kuka-1917, Assumption Cathedral yaguqulwa Museum. Abasebenzi, ukudala ukuchayeka, uzama ukugcina elingaphakathi yayo. Futhi ngo-1990 eseneminyaka Assumption Cathedral abangu baphinde bayingenela inkonzo. Ngakho, manje kweNyuka Cathedral of the Moscow ezibiyele has imisebenzi emibili emikhulu: Museum nethempeli ngokwalo.