Anti-virus software - ithuluzi kukhompyutha ukuthola nokususa amagciwane

Ngokusobala, abadali amakhompyutha lokuqala kungenzeka nanini bazitshele ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyoba nokuvikeleka izinsongo ohlelweni uqobo futhi idatha umsebenzisi ayigcine kumadivayisi inkumbulo. Kodwa ... base yini eyabangela isidingo ukusungula amakhambi ngempumelelo, eyaziwa kamuva ngokuthi "anti-virus software." Uhlu amaphakheji edume kakhulu futhi enamandla izokwethulwa ngezansi. A siphephele eside ukuqonda ukuthi efanayo ye computer nokuthi ukukhomba, ukuhlukanisa noma ususe.

Anti-virus software: Iyini? Umlando omncane

Ngakho, iziphi igciwane izinsongo futhi izindlela zokubhekana nazo? Uma ubheka Ngalezo zinsuku, lapho ubuchwepheshe bama-computer kuphela ekuqaleni ukuthuthukisa, njengoba umthetho, igciwane yifayela elisebenzisekayo (.exe, .bat, nokunye. D.), Ukwethulwa okuyinto likavaliwe amakhodi esakhelwe futhi imiyalo ezikwenza lokulimaza zekhompyutha.

Ngokungafani applets yesimanje viral, basebenza kuphela phezu kusebenze ngumsebenzisi amafayela efanele, futhi izenzo zabo ikakhulukazi okuhloswe ngazo ukuphazamiseka yesistimu yokusebenza. Ngakho, ekuqaleni antivirus ivikela kuphela ohlelweni, kodwa hhayi idatha.

Ukuvikelwa Isihloko

Namuhla, usongo olunjalo luya luba yivelakancane. Priority igciwane liba lobunhloli, ukweba idatha oluyimfihlo, le impango nokuhuheka lemali. Nokho, esigabeni amagciwane iwe futhi zonke izinhlobo adware ukuthi isebenze kusistimu bese imbangela umsebenzi okungalungile, bathi, kwi-Inthanethi.

Eqinisweni, kwema- izinsongo kwikhompyutha izinhlelo ishintshile kakhulu ngokwanele. Ngokwengxenye enkulu lokhu kungenxa kwi-Inthanethi. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, ungathola amagciwane kwimidiya esikhiphekayo. Nokho, ukuziphatha kwawo futhi zihluke kakhulu kulokho kwaba ngaphambi. Zingase azenza esemthethweni hlelo noma uhlelo inkonzo, ukuba ukungena ohlelweni ezicashe imitapo ejwayelekile eziqukethe ikhodi elisebenzisekayo ukudala abanamakhophi abo siqu e, njalonjalo. D.

Ngemva isebenze ithrekhi isenzo esinjalo kunzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke Kunconywa ukufaka uhlelo unqulo wesi arab, kungakhathaliseki umsebenzisi exhunywe kwi-Inthanethi. Imiphumela ingaba oyinhlekelele, isib, ukulahlekelwa imali kwi-akhawunti yekhadi. Okunjalo ulwazi oluyimfihlo like amagama abasebenzisi kanye namaphasiwedi ukufinyelela amasevisi zezimali noma ukuthuthukiswa imfihlo, manje funa kunanini ngaphambili. Lokhu kusikhumbuza amazwi athi owaziwa lowo ophethe ulwazi, ungumnikazi emhlabeni?

amagciwane

Akubuzwa, amagciwane kanye samagciwane axhunyaniswa eduze kakhulu. Yilokho nje inkinga eyinhloko itholakala lokuthi ukuthi amagciwane zihlale ngesinyathelo esisodwa software yokuvikela. Akumangazi, ngoba namuhla zingabantu kwi-inthanethi ezikhulayo like amakhowe emva kwemvula, futhi onjiniyela kusho baqede la izinsongo nje awunaso isikhathi ngabo.

Kungani muva nje abasafufusa amagciwane coders ukuthi Ukungena kumakhompyutha kweso encrypts ulwazi lomsebenzisi usebenzisa algorithm 1024-bit, nakuba-anti-virus laboratory kusanda kufika amathuba letibukene ukubethela 128-bit. Kodwa izindlela ekubikezeleni alapha, futhi.

Ngakho yini esinayo namuhla? Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zinhlobo amagciwane ezivamile esigabeni samanje yentuthuko yobuchwepheshe kukhompyutha:

• ukulayisha;
• kufayela;
• yokulayisha ifayela;
• ka Document;
• inethiwekhi.

Ngokusho uhlobo lomsebenzi bahlukene phakathi umhlali kanye non-ohlala. Umahluko owokuthi ukuthi igciwane umhlali ingaqhubeka kwimemori emva kokuphothulwa umsebenzi ezihlobene isicelo noma ukusevisa kubo, futhi non-ohlala usebenza kuphela esikhathini hlelo.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu izinsongo ubhekwa okulandelayo:

• izimuncagazi;
• izimpethu;
• trojans;
• rootkits;
• esilayidi;
• amagciwane yisinanakazana ngekhodi;
• Matting amagciwane ngaphandle isignesha njalo;
• amagciwane uhlezi bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi phambi ukuchayeka;
• adware;
• keyloggers;
• coders;
• iminyundu futhi t. d.

Futhi lena kuphela ingxenye encane kufanele sibe yini ukwazi ukuthola iwukudambisa isofthiwe-anti-virus. Lokhu, ngeshwa, ngoba abaningi iphakethe elula freeware, uma sikubeka kahle, okwakuwumsebenzi onzima. Kodwa ukuqonda ngokuphelele konke lihlotshaniswa anti-virus software, ukuqala lungisa izimiso ukusebenza kwawo futhi izindlela yokunquma izinsongo ekhona noma ezingaba khona.

Ubuchwepheshe ukuhlonza nobungozi

Okokuqala, siphawula ukuthi iningi namuhla eyaziwa izicelo antivirus zisekelwe okuthiwa igciwane isignesha egciniwe. Ngamanye amazwi, idatha eziqukethe izibonelo izakhiwo ukusongela okunjalo ezinkulumweni netiphetfo mayelana nokuziphatha kohlelo onegciwane.

yolwazi ezinjalo olusha cishe ngehora futhi ngaphakathi-anti-virus amaphakheji eziQhingini iseva onjiniyela. Esimeni sesibili lokhu kungenxa ukuvela izinsongo ezintsha. Inzuzo enkulu elisekela enjalo yinto umane zimisele ngesisekelo imiphumela yokuhlolwa ekhona futhi izakhi ezintsha yingozi ukuthi yolwazi nesignesha azikho. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi isofthiwe anti-virus - wonke lo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa eziyisisekelo amaphasela software, yolwazi, amagciwane kanye izindlela ukuxhumana phakathi kwabo.

isignesha ukuhlaziywa

Uma sikhuluma indlela esetshenziswa izinsongo sokunquma, omunye ophambili kuba ukuhlaziywa isignesha, okuyinto ukuqhathanisa takhiwo amafayela gciwane izifanekiso ekhona noma izikimu ngaphambilini kuchazwa ukuthi atehlukaniseki ne ukuhlaziywa heuristic.

Ukukhomba nobungozi kumane into Irreplaceable, nakuba isiqinisekiso 100 amaphesenti ukuzimisela yayingelona neze usongo embusweni amagciwane yesimanje.

Izinhlobonhlobo okungenzeka test

Enye ubuchwepheshe, okuyinto esetshenziswa amaphakheji zokuzivikela cishe zonke okwamanje eyaziwa (isibonelo, unqulo wesi arab kuphela, "Doctor-Web", "Kaspersky" kanye nabanye abaningi), kuyinto ukucacisa usongo ngesisekelo ukubukeka kwayo kwesakhiwo nokuziphatha kohlelo.

It has amagatsha amathathu: heuristic nokuhlaziya zokuziphatha indlela nokumadanisa checksums amafayela (ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa ukuthola amagciwane ezingaba azenza isevisi yesistimu futhi Uhlelo ayinangozi). Khona-ke wena kanye Ukuqhathanisa amakhodi obekiwe, kanye nokuhlaziywa umthelela ohlelweni, nokunye okuningi.

Kodwa-ejenti amakhulu kunawo, okucatshangwa ukuthi ngokuqhathanisa checksums, okuvumela ukuba nokubona izinto ezingase zibe usongo e 99,9% amacala 100.

Ukuvikelwa EZIHAMBELA

Eyodwa yezindlela wokubikezela ukuhlonza nobungozi kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuvikelwa mathupha. Lezi amamojuli ayatholakala ezinhlelweni eziningi unqulo wesi arab kuphela. Kodwa kuthiwani bakwazi sokusebenza kwawo, kukhona imibono emibili luphambene.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala sengathi angakwazi ukuhlonza Uhlelo ezingaphephile noma ifayela-based kanye nesiginesha ezisekelwe ukuhlaziywa probabilistic. Kodwa ngakolunye - le ndlela ngokuvamile kakhulu kubonakala ubala ngisho ne Ukuvinjwa kwezicelo esisemthethweni kanye nezinhlelo. Nokho, njengengxenye ubuchwepheshe, le ndlela isetshenziswa cishe emhlabeni wonke.

I anti-virus software kunazo owaziwa: ohlwini

Manje, mhlawumbe, siya ngqo Uhlelo unqulo wesi arab. Akubuzwa, yonkhe wabo ngeke isebenze, ngakho ukhawule antivirus edume kakhulu futhi enamandla futhi ucabangele program e-computer, kuhlanganise kokubili software commercial futhi mahhala.

Phakathi kwakho konke lokhu lenqwaba amaphakheji ngabanye yilezi ezilandelayo:

• imikhiqizo unqulo wesi arab "Kaspersky Lab ';
• antivirus "Doctor-Web" futhi ehambisana isofthiwe ;
• amaphakethe namagciwane ESET (NOD32, Smart Security);
• avast;
• AVIRA;
• Bitdefender;
• Comodo Antivirus;
• 360 Ezokuphepha;
• Panda Google;
• Antivirus AVG ;
• Microsoft Essentials Ezokuphepha;
• McAffe imikhiqizo isofthiwe;
• imikhiqizo Symantec;
• isofthiwe unqulo wesi arab kusukela Norton;
• optimizers nge edidiyele antivirus amamojuli ezifana Advanced System Care and t. d.

Yiqiniso, ungathola izinhlobo ezintathu izinhlelo:

• ngokuphelele umthombo ovulekile (mahhala);
• shareware (shareware-version, noma "Isivivinyo unqulo wesi arab") nge eside kwesilingo ukusebenza mayelana izinsuku ezingu-30;
• ezidayiswayo (okukhokhelwe), ezidinga ukuthengwa ilayisensi ekhethekile noma ukhiye ukusebenza.

Freeware, shareware futhi izinguqulo kwezentengiselwano amaphakheji: uyini umehluko?

Ukukhuluma izinhlobo ezahlukene izicelo, kuyafaneleka ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto zombili nje yokuthi kufanele ukhokhele amanye noma kusebenze kuzo, futhi abanye cha. Iphuzu liwukuthi ijule ngokungaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlolwa-anti-virus, ngokuvamile usebenza izinsuku ezingu-30 kuphela futhi ivumele umsebenzisi ukuhlola zonke izici. Kodwa ngemva kwalesi sikhathi kungaba noma ucishiwe ngokuphelele, noma ukuvimba abanye amamojuli ezibalulekile zokuphepha.

Kusobala ukuthi ngemva uhambo mayelana nanoma yisiphi isivikelo futhi kungaba kungabaza. Kodwa esimweni sesibili, umsebenzisi, ukukhuluma cishe, uthola uhlobo engasindi (Lite) Antivirus, inguqulo khulula okungadingi abe isethi ephelele ukunquma izinsongo kanye has kuphela kudingekile kakhulu bangabonwa futhi neutralization of amagciwane noma uhlelo asebengenwe igciwane, kungaba enkundleni yabo sokungena. Kodwa, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, ama-scanner ezifana labo abazokwazi okuxhunyanwa hhayi kuphela izinhlelo engase ibe ingozi, izikripthi noma applets, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi asilazi amagciwane akhona.

Izindlela ezilula for kubuyekezwa idatha izisekelo kanye ne-Software

Njengoba for izibuyekezo on wonke amaphakethe yalezi izinqubo ngokuzenzakalela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka futhi ubuyekeze database of amasignisha, kanye amamojuli zohlelo (avame ukhathazekile ezidayiswayo).

Nokho, kwabanye izinhlelo, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ukhiye ekhethekile freeware oyenza konke iphakethe umsebenzi ngesikhathi kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvumelana nalesi simiso umsebenzi amaphakheji NOD32, ESET Smart Security, uhlelo "Kaspersky Lab 'nabanye abaningi. Vele ufake ngemvume okukhethekile kanye nephasiwedi isicelo ukusebenza force okugcwele. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuba ukuguqula lezi idatha ikhodi ilayisensi. Kodwa le nkinga isixazululekile nge website esemthethweni onjiniyela, lapho yonke le nqubo ithatha imizuzwana embalwa.

Yini ukukhetha umsebenzisi?

Njengoba singabona kusukela ngenhla, anti-virus software - kuba isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi, kanye alusilo zendawo, futhi ehlanganisa sebuningini amamojuli, phakathi lapho kufanele inikezwe ukuxhumana ngqo (semininingwane nesignesha, uhlelo amamojuli, ama-scanner zokuvikela, analyzers, "udokotela" ukususa malware amakhodi kusuka izinto angcolile, nokunye. d.).

Njengoba kukhethwa Yiqiniso, ukuze ngokugcwele Ukuvikelwa okuhlangene is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinhlelo bakudala noma izinguqulo khulula ezidayiswayo, okuyizinto kuphela ezifanelekela ukufakwa ekhaya, bese kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi esigungwini enjalo akakwazi ukufinyelela ku-intanethi. Kodwa ohlelweni lonke computer nge branched uxhumo lendawo, akungabazeki, ukuthenga ukukhululwa esemthethweni ilayisensi software. Kodwa-ke, uma kungekhona ngokuphelele, khona-ke okungenani ngezinga elikhulu ungaqiniseka e ukuphepha izinhlelo, kanye nedatha egcinwe ku-ke.