Anopheles umiyane - lo mthengisi sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu

Ngokungangabazeki, isifo esiyingozi kanjalo efana umalaleveva nabathwali yayo umalaleveva omiyane ngizwile konke. Saze funda ngalesi sifo ezincwadini esikoleni. Kodwa esikhathini esidlule, uma ngikhangwa endaweni ethile ebhekene elithi "umalaleveva", khona manjalo ekhanda lami kukhona isithombe kusuka zithola amabhuku okufunda ngesikhathi umlando noma geography. Inani elikhulu of izinambuzane, ukushisa uyakhathaza, wamasundu abantu abanebala elinsundu baphila ezimweni abaphansi abahlala endaweni ngokungemthetho, futhi manje bese befa izifo ezethusayo.

Bese ukuphela zokugcina futhi ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, ababaziwa ukwanda isibalo umalaleveva e zindawo zethu.

Kwenzeke kanjani? Kungani? Ingabe omiyane malarial wazohlala nathi? Kanjani hhayi ukuba babe kalowo kule isifo esiyingozi, okuyinto kuphela eRussia zangaphambi izinguquko hit abantu 8 million ngonyaka?

Hhayi-ke, ake ngiqale indaba ekuqaleni. Isici esiyinhloko ekuvimbela ekugwemeni isifo e-Asia nase-Afrika (okungukuthi lapho futhi ikakhulukazi kuhlale isinambuzane) kuyinto Ukushoda okukhulu kwabantu Isazi sezinambuzane abafanelekayo kanye nemali eyayidingeka yokuthenga ukwenziwa kwemithi okuhloswe ngaso ukubhujiswa Anopheles omiyane.

Umiyane umalaleveva, Anopheles noma isi-Latin, kungokwalabo esigabeni izinambuzane ngokukhetha imvelo olumanzi kanye efudumele. Futhi ehlobo, lawa izimo zezulu futhi cishe wonke amagumbi wonke. Ngisho izindawo zemihlangano emadolobheni amakhulu, njalo ngonyaka wonke zohlobo omiyane, ingasaphathwa emaxhaphozini, emahlathini kanye amachibi.

Ngakho yini ezahlukene kusukela evamile umalaleveva omiyane? Kufanele kuqashelwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuthi hhayi ukubukeka noma isakhiwo awukwazi ukulubona. Kodwa ubukhulu omiyane anopheles idlula evamile ezikhathini 2 noma 3.

Owesifazane ezazilambile zaziwa ukuluma lapho bayakwazi ukuthola isisulu yabo ibanga 3 metres.

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ikhono silokazane esincane futhi ebonakala ukuzivikela ngokuphelele futhi Clumsy enjalo okumunca ivolumu wegazi, enesisindo okweqa yayo. Esikhathini igazi sibhajwe emzimbeni umiyane umalaleveva, kwakhiwa futhi uvuthwe amaqanda, cishe 150-200 izingcezu ngesikhathi. Futhi lezi, kuyobe ngokushesha avele izibungu babe abathengisi izifo ezintsha.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi ngokuzayo insikazi Anopheles omiyane iba nolaka kuphela ngemva kokuba uzokwazi amaqanda. Ekuqaleni, amagciwane uyokwakha kuphela esiswini "nesineke" umiyane, kodwa ngeke kancane kancane zasakazekela umzimba, ukuthola ekupheleni, futhi nezindlala salivary. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho omiyane malarial iyoba umthengisi sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu

Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwalesi sinambuzane izinyanga ezimbili kuphela. Esikhathini esiningi insikazi feeds umpe, okuyinto iqoqa izimbali. Kodwa ku "nomzingeli" kuba nje kokuba amaqanda. Ikakhulukazi ephilayo omiyane malarial kusihlwa futhi ebusuku. Sinenkosi amashumi ngisho namakhulu eziswebezelayo emoyeni ezindaweni eziswakeme noma ngaphezulu bese ekugcineni lonke ichibi.

Njengomthetho, nawu umbuzo, ingabe njalo ngonyaka zikhona indlela abaningi entsha foci umalaleveva, uma anopheles omiyane uhlala kuphela izinyanga ezimbili, ngemva kwalokho esifa, okusho ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yonyaka, izibungu abasha ngeke imali ngaso sonke?

Into wukuthi akekho ophilayo umzimba ngaphandle muntu akanayo baphathwa umalaleveva, okungukuthi, Esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva, futhi lapho kuqala evumayo izimo zezulu, omiyane malarial sithathe ukutheleleka isiguli womuntu futhi abekezelele unempilo. Futhi ngakho emjikelezweni ivaliwe: kobulwelwe abantu 'ngegciwane' omiyane, futhi, esikhundleni salokho, uyashesha kakhulu ukuthola izisulu ezintsha.

Yiqiniso, akekho imithi noma umkhakha kwamakhemikhali hhayi emi namanje. Namuhla, amabutho ososayensi yesimanje ahloselwe ekulweni kokubili ngokuchitha omiyane abathwala umalaleveva kanye nemiphumela ukulunywa zabo.