Amarekhodi Umhlaba nokubhukuda. Imihlobo nezitayela zokubhukuda main

Cishe kuzo zonke ezemidlalo, kuhlanganise ngomkhumbi, waqopha umlando emhlabeni. Isikhathi ngasinye, ngcono umphumela odlule kuya kuba nzima, kodwa namanje basuke efakwe imincintiswano ehlukahlukene. Irekhodi izwe ukubhukuda - amaphuzu aphezulu, okuyinto efakiwe umsubathi phezu mncintiswano esemthethweni ngaso izimo kuyaphindeka ezibekwe imithetho.

imithetho esungulwe

Zonke amarekhodi samukelwa ngokomthetho Fina - International Ukubhukuda Federation. Ungakwazi ukufaka kwi "eside" noma "amanzi amafushane" okubhukuda. Imigomo ratifying irekhodi isethwe ku SW12. Amaphuzu ayinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Lapho efeza lo mncintiswano izosetshenziselwa isikhathi electronic.
2. ubude pool kufanele iqinisekiswe futhi uhambisane kwezilinganiso ezivunyelwe.
3. I umbhukudi kumelwe athwale imvunulo ukubhukuda ukuthi Futhi uhlangana namazinga Fina.
4. Ngemva kokuphothulwa umncintiswano lo msubathi kumele ngokushesha aphase uhlolo lwezidakamizwa.

Lezi nezinye izici kubonelelwe irekhodi lomhlaba yokubhalisa.

Amarekhodi Umhlaba ukubhukuda

Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ababhukudi ukuthuthukisa imiphumela zabo ukuba zinqobe ibanga. Phawula ukuthi lo mncintiswano esiqhutshwa imicengezi eside 25 no-50 amamitha. Abaningi imincintiswano owaziwa ababhukudi enze isiyalo e-swimming pool amamitha-50 ubude. Ubude okunjalo ikuvumela ukuletha umphumela engcono, njengoba at elifanayo ukuze bachithe isikhathi esincane phezu Icebo lika.

Iphuzu elibalulekile kuthiwa yokuthi eminyakeni embalwa edlule amarekhodi emhlabeni ukubhukuda efakiwe cishe kuyo yonke mncintiswano sibonga zobuchwepheshe amasudi. Yingakho babe ngentuthuko ezibizayo emkhakheni zokukhiqiza. Ngisho amafraktjhini ambalwa yesibili kungahlukanisa eyodwa esincintisana kusukela irekhodi noma uwine umncintiswano. Ukuze ngaphandle ukuthi kungenzeka kwethonya umphumela imishini izinga esetshenziswa njenge-ovaloli uvinjelwe eminyakeni yamuva.

Ngemva amarekhodi abo ukuhoxiswa aqala ukuyibheka njengengcono ingasaphathwa njalo. Irekhodi endala akhona cishe engu-12 edlule. Yaqalwa ngonyaka ka 2001 phezu iDemo amanzi freestyle ku amamitha 1500. On amanzi eside, Isimanga siwukuthi, irekhodi kabusha bhalisiwe izikhathi eziningana.

Eminyakeni yamuva, inani elandayo lezisebenzi amarekhodi emhlabeni emanzini isikhathi eside phakathi kwabantu elibekwe zivela e-United States. Baningi impela we usongo uya emhlabeni omunye abasubathi edume kakhulu isikhathi sethu uMichael Phelps. Phakathi umsebenzi wakhe, wakwazi ukusetha amarekhodi ezingaphezu kuka-39 emanzini isikhathi eside, futhi 2 ukurekhoda iDemo. Ukuze lokhu yena yaze yanikezwa igama elithi "I Flying Fish".

irekhodi zokubhukuda amamitha 100

Sasiyini irekhodi lomhlaba e zokubhukuda amamitha 100 futhi ngubani ukuyifaka? Omunye elidume kunawo wonke ababhukudi Maykl Felps, nobemele i-US ngesikhathi wayeye emncintiswaneni wokubhukuda. Ukuze credit yakhe eningi amarekhodi, iningi okuyinto okuhlobene uvemvane futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba, Phelps wakwazi aphule irekhodi lomhlaba izikhathi 39. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kwaba sibalo ku amamitha 100 ebhukuda butterfly emncintiswaneni eRoma ngo-2009. Khona-ke phakathi Phelps futhi Cavic waqala ubhekene nempi yangempela, okwaholela ekusungulweni eziningi amarekhodi zomhlaba. I abangamaSerbia kwaba isesimweni esihle futhi kule Semifinals usetha irekhodi elisha, futhi kowamanqamu befuna ukunqoba ngenxa entsha. Nokho, omele US kuleli wokugcina wabonisa ijubane nje lokukwazi ezaholela ukunqoba kwakhe nokusetha irekhodi samanje 49,82 ku amamitha 100.

freestyle

Ukubhukuda ubelokhu ukhangwa eziningi ukunakwa ngenxa inani elikhulu amabanga, kanye ngenxa yesivinini okusezingeni eliphezulu, ongafinyelela abasubathi. Ngo-2009, kwatholakala ngokushesha 5 amarekhodi ekhona freestyle. umbhukudi Brazilian Cesar Cielo usethe amarekhodi 50 (20.91) kanye ne-100 metres (46.91). Qaphela ukuthi leqe yi odlule ibanga 50 amamitha imizuzwana 00,03 kuphela - 20,91 irekhodi evumelekile. Ngo ubuqhawe yeFrance, Frederiku Buske (khulula isitayela ukubhukuda at ibanga ngamamitha 50), yabonisa umphumela 20,94 imizuzwana.

Amarekhodi nazo esabekwa uPawulu Biedermann ku 200 (1.42,00) futhi ayi-400 (3.40,07), kanye Zhang Lin e ibanga 800 amamitha (7.32,12). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi 2009 kwaba abacebe kakhulu amarekhodi emhlabeni nokubhukuda.

Irekhodi ngoba ebhukuda amamitha 50

Ubani usetha irekhodi emhlabeni e ebhukuda amamitha 50? Adam Peaty - umbhukudi abasha British owaba izikhathi 8 iqhawe European. Phakathi impumelelo yakhe (umsubathi owazalwa ngo-1994 futhi wenza DEBUT bakhe kuphela ngo-2013) Amarekhodi zezwe ngokuvumelana 50 (26.42) kanye 100m (57.13). Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imilando yangaphambili ayebekelwe lokhu umbhukudi. Ngo-2016 yena kanye waphinde wabonisa yokuphakama kwakhe. Ngemva waphula irekhodi eyedlule amamitha 100, izethameli asabela ngayo ngamandla ukuba umphumela, kodwa Pete akazange ngokushesha siqonde ukuthi kungani ukusabela ngaleyo ndlela ukuze ukunqoba kwakhe.

Ngokuzayo Lokhu umbhukudi wayelele eziningi ngethemba, ngoba, ngokubona komphakathi ezemidlalo, akukafiki ifomu yakhe engcono ngokomzimba. Ubufakazi lokhu kwaba ukusebenza e Rio ngo-2016, lapho wathola kuye legolide futhi irekhodi elisha emhlabeni.

ebhukuda irekhodi at 1,500 amamitha

Uyini umlando womhlaba e ngesikhathi ebhukuda nabangani amamitha 1500? ibanga Okuningi, ezingaphezu kuka-amamitha 1,000, abadlali unqobe kuphela freestyle. Ngo-2012, irekhodi eyayibekwe at ibanga 1500 amamitha le umbhukudi Chinese Sun Yang - irekhodi samanje 14.31,02. Iphuzu elibalulekile kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuthi kube nomphumela omuhle kakhulu langaphambilini ngelakhe. Entsha engcono yi langaphambilini ngemizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-3.

Amarekhodi for ukubhukuda the ukukhasa

Sekuyisikhathi ukhuluma ngalokho irekhodi emhlabeni wonke ebhukuda the ukukhasa. Wayehlala njalo udonsa kakhulu ukunakwa, ngoba lesi siyalo amabanga ngokwanele, eminye imiphumela engcono aqine. Iphuzu elibalulekile kuthiwa yokuthi iningi amarekhodi akhona kule isitayela yasungulwa ngo-2009 (isibonelo, 20,48 ku-50 m). a kuphela irekhodi elisha ngo-2012 (14.10,10) eyayibekwe at ibanga 1500 amamitha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eminyakeni yamuva abasubathi ziye zathuthukisa Imiphumela odlule kuphela amafraktjhini ambalwa yesibili - isikhathi uthi amarekhodi entsha emhlabeni kufanele ulinde impela isikhathi eside.

Amarekhodi akhona ukubhukuda

Uma sibheka amarekhodi emhlabeni samanje ebhukuda phakathi kwabantu, kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi iningi lamalungu basonta e-United States, izwe laseBrithani nelase, eBrazil, eJalimane futhi China. AbaseMelika kukhona abanikazi 9 amarekhodi akhona kusukela izifundo 20. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuthi yi umxhwele. Ngo ukubhukuda, kwafika amadoda evela Russia awunawo amarekhodi ezisebenza zomhlaba.

Kepha ukusebenza kwabesifazane, akaphakeme ngalutho ecacile. Abanikazi amarekhodi ezikhona abaningi kwakungabantu besifazane base-United States, Lithuania, Hungary, Sweden, eJalimane nase-Australia. Imiphumela yabo abasondelene labo baye babonisa Amaqhawe phakathi kwabantu. Nokho, amarekhodi eziningi zazinikezwa kwesikhathi kusuka 2009 kuya 2016. Ngakho-ke, izenzakalo eza nakho kungase kube ukumangala.

Umncintiswano eRio ngo-2016

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuqale umncintiswano eRio de Janeiro babenegunya elikhulu amahlazo ezihlobene doping isilawuli ababhukudayo. Ngemva kokuqala ama-Olympics e Rio ngezinsuku nje ezimbili olwandle ngobugebengu amarekhodi emhlabeni 6, okuyinto ilethe injabulo kubo bonke abalandeli of the mdlalo. Iningi irekhodi esabekwa abesifazane, amadoda wama phandle impumelelo entsha waseBrithani ongazazi izindlela Adamu Peaty sika 100m Breaststroke. Ngo amazwana Amaqhawe waveza ukuthi Olympics - umcimbi eside elindelwe ezimpilweni zabo, okuyinto ukulungele zonke iminyaka 4. Yingakho kuvulwa mncintiswano eRio alethwe amarekhodi eziningi. Obambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo we Hungarian Katinka Hossa Kwaphawulwa irekhodi hhayi kuphela emhlabeni (isethi 400 metres 4.26,36), kodwa futhi igolide kuqala-Olympic e-career yakhe. Ngaphambili, yena wakwazi ukunqoba izikhathi World Cup 11, njengamanje ubefunda Olympics neze insaliwe. It ngcono umphumela odlule ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-2 imizuzwana.