Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila Mayakovsky. Mayakovsky futhi Lilya Brik

Wayengubani uVladimir Mayakovsky? Genius noma nje imbongi? Lokhu omkhulu imbongi Isiliva Age is kakhulu eyaziwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokucacile mayelana cishe akunakwenzeka ukusho lutho. Wayengumuntu futhi uzohlala imfihlakalo ngoba ngisho abayithandayo abaqotho kakhulu yomsebenzi wakhe. Njengoba for yomlando wakhe, izikhala ezingenalutho kuwo kuncane, kodwa ishede okomoya ubuntu imbongi oyimfihlakalo. Ukuze okungenani kancane ukuqonda imibono nemizwa amazwi lo mculi elikhulu, kudingeka ufunde amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo nokuphila Mayakovsky.

i-curriculum vitae

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky wazalwa ngo-July 7, 1893 esifundazweni Kutaisi, edolobhaneni Baghdadi. Bobabili abazali babeyinzalo ka ngqo Cossacks. imbongi omkhulu kayise - Vladimir K. - kwaba wohlanga olukhulu ngofuzo, kodwa amahora wehlathi. Umama Pavlenko AA, wanakekela izingane, ngaphandle uVladimir emkhayeni othile wayenabantwana ababili.

yokufunda

Esikhathini kusuka 1902 kuya 1906 imbongi esizayo wafunda sokuzivocavoca ka Kutaisi, lapho, mhlawumbe, wakwazi bajwayelane nezazi ovulekile-yeningi. Ngo-1905, waze waba nengxenye ukubonakaliswa enkulu intsha Russian futhi Georgian.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila Mayakovsky uqinisekise ukuthi empeleni uyise eshona kusuka needlestick, kwaphumela ukungcoliswa igazi. Ngemva kokufa yomkhaya Mayakovsky umkhaya wathuthela eMoscow ngo-1906.

isimo lwezezimali kwaba ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho ngo-1908, uVladimir Mayakovsky waxoshwa esikoleni eMoscow, ngobe unina kwadingeka imali yokuba ngiqhubeke yesikole. Nokho, sibonga ithalente e zobuciko, wayemuhle ukuzofunda Stroganov School. Kodwa nalapha ukutadisha imbongi ingahambi kahle ngenxa nemibono yakhe yezombusazwe.

evalelwe

Ngo-1908, eziningi namaqiniso lempilo Mayakovsky ukuba icabange ngezinkolelo zayo zezombusazwe kuholele yokuthi eboshiwe. Ukuboshwa kwalo imbongi iye yabizwa ngokuthi ukuyaluza wamavukelambuso, yena wachitha phakathi isigaba sabasebenzi. Kodwa kwakungeyona okokugcina, Mayakovsky kamuva babafaka kabili. Ngemva isiphelo sesimiso esilandelayo, owawuse ejele Butyrka, waphelela Mayakovsky ngayeka ukudla ngaphambili ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo umsebenzi iqembu.

Naphezu yinkimbinkimbi ke izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Mayakovsky, ngalesi sikhathi, ekugcineni kwakhiwa bakhe imicabango yabantu zezombusazwe, futhi ukuba afunde izindlela of Marxism futhi engaphelele yomzabalazo wezigaba we amaBolshevik. Cishe, imibono imbongi abasha Kwakuthé wobulili obuhlukile, futhi akuyona fully aware of konke okwakwenzeka kwezepolitiki ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa manje wanquma ukuzama phezu azenze "umholi." Yilokho lapho kwakukhona amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo nokuphila Mayakovsky, ngoba lokhu lapho eqala ukubhala izinkondlo zakhe kuqala, bese akhethiwe ngongqongqoshe ejele.

Lilya Brik empilweni imbongi sika

Ekuphileni, Mayakovsky Lilya Brik akaconsi. Wayengumngane muse wakhe, leso sithandwa sakhe, isithonjana yakhe. Njenganoma iyiphi umdali, imbongi noMphefumleli yakhe iboshelwe ubuhlobo oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Uthando unxantathu Mayakovsky futhi Brik kwaba umbhedo, ngisho eMoscow ngo-20-yalolucwaningo, ngaleso sikhathi ayengayisebenzisa ukuziqhayisa ubumsulwa ubudlelwane siqu. Mayakovsky futhi Lilya Brik akazange ukufihla imizwa yabo, futhi kakhulu ngokumangalisayo, Osip Brik, esisemthethweni womshado uLily, kakhulu, awuzange kuqhathaniswa eziyimbangela yalokhu.

Muse Mayakovsky wasiza ekudalweni kwemisebenzi emisha, eqinisweni wakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kubalulekile kangaka ukuze udale, futhi kwakudingeka ukuba ukuhlupheka nosizi. Asinakusho ukuthi Brick kwaba ngokuphelele ngobuqotho futhi emizweni ayenayo ngama imbongi, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi kwakuthinta umsebenzi wakhe, ingasaphathwa awukwazi.

Tatiana Yakovleva

Indima ebalulekile empilweni Mayakovsky ukudlalwa omunye wesifazane futhi, kwaba émigré Russian Tatiana Yakovleva, owayehlala e-Paris. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yena wayebalahlile imbongi omkhulu, wenza isenzo emangalisayo romantic. Mayakovsky wagqoka yi imbali uthenga isamba eside ngaphansi kombandela owodwa, ukuthi izikhathi eziningana ngesonto Yakovleva alethwe izimbali "by Mayakovsky."

Ngisho nangemva kokufa imbongi sika, muse akhe ayelokhu izimbali uyeza, okuyinto ngesikhathi sempi ayengazange ngempela wawusindisa endlaleni. Nakuba lokho imbongi kanye Yakovlev eyokuthandana abathintekayo, engakaze luhlolwe esafuna enikelwe yini inkondlo.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nokuphila Mayakovsky

• Bambalwa abantu bazi, kodwa imbongi omkhulu wayephana kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile banikeza abantu abadala imali. Wathola nasebekhulile ngokwezimali shoka them abafisa ukuhlala bengaziwa.
• Mayakovsky ngenkuthalo wasebenza ukuthola ofanele kunayo, imvumelwano ephelele okuyinto angena le nkondlo kuzo zonke izici. Wayengakwazi ukuya 15-20 km uze uthole lokho okudingayo.
• Okuphawulekayo indaba ukuthi exhumene imbongi ne umdwebi odumile Repin. Phakathi nomhlangano wabo wokuqala umdwebi kwaba kabi onsundu curls Mayakovsky wanikela ukupenda isithombe sakhe. Lapho Mayakovsky futhi wayesezonikela ngo Repin, wayengumuntu emangalisayo bamangale, ngoba ngokushesha njengoba imbongi wakhumula isigqoko sakhe, umdwebi wabona ukuthi curls manje brown agunde "ngaphansi zero."

• Mayakovsky futhi Lilya Brik, ogama ubudlelwane kube nzima ukuthi ubeke umkhawulo, eqinisweni, kukhona indawo enhle kakhulu Ngohlelo ngomdali muse. umndeni Swedish Brik futhi Mayakovsky zadala isimo esihle hhayi kuphela ukuxhumana Lily. Ekuphileni imbongi sika wathatha ingxenye futhi Osip Brik yena. Wakulungisa zokuloba kanye nesipelingi izinkondlo ubuhlakani umdali. Yilokho ubuhlobo ongaziwa enjalo exhumene laba bantu abathathu.
• Mayakovsky baba umdali edumile "isitebhisi." On the ingxenye umbhali kwaba ngobuqili bodwa, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi ngakho imali ngoba inani lemigqa abhalwe ivesi, bese "isitebhisi" okwaholela yokuthi wayethola izikhathi 2-3 ezingaphezu kuka nozakwabo.

Sekudlule iminyaka engu-Ngakho abaningi kusukela ekufeni imbongi omkhulu, futhi ngaye ngaphambi kwalokho, khumbula, namanje ezifundiswa ezikoleni, icaphuna amavesi ukuze ladies izinhliziyo abathanda abafana, yena usaphila ezinhliziyweni abalandeli babo. Ukudala, ethi, ukuze azigcine ekhuthele, lokusungula, okungenza ufuna ukuncibilikisa - ukuthi inkondlo ezifana wadala imbongi ubuhlakani, okuzokwenza zikhunjulwe kuyo yonke le minyaka.