Amaprotheni Ukwakheka: Yini esiyaziyo ngaye?

Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaprotheni eziyisidingo nokuthanda ingxenye eyinhloko iyiphi eziphilayo. Is they banesibopho umzimba amandla ukuguqulwa, okuyinto kuhlangene cishe wonke izinqubo ezibalulekile. Dry ndaba Iningi kwezicubu kanye nezinhlaka izilwane nabantu, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-50% azo zonke ezincane, ikakhulukazi namaprotheni (40% kuya ku-50%). Esikhathini umbuso isitshalo yabo isisindo ethize kuqhathaniswa nenani isilinganiso ingaphansi, isilwane - ngaphezulu. Nokho, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wamaprotheni kubantu abantu abaningi ayikaziwa. Ake waphinda ukukhumbula lokho ayikho ngaphakathi lezi okusezingeni eliphezulu polymers zemvelo.

amaprotheni Ukwakheka

Le into ngokwesilinganiso aqukethe cishe 50-55% carbon, 15-17% nitrogen, 21-23% oksijini, 0.3-2.5% sulphur. Ngaphezu kwalezi zingxenye eziyisisekelo, ngezinye izikhathi amaprotheni zihlanganisa izakhi ukuthi ingxenye sincane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lesi-phosphorus, okusansimbi, i-iodine, ithusi ezithile nezinye micro- futhi macronutrients. Okuxakayo ukuthi la lokuhlushwa nitrogen ine njalo eliphakeme, kanti okuqukethwe nezinye izingxenye ezisemqoka zingahluka. Lapho echaza isakhiwo amaprotheni, ngempela kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kuyinto polymer okungajwayelekile eyakhelwe amino acid izinsalela kule formula zazo ikhambi amanzi pH abangathathi hlangothi ifomu jikelele kakhulu bunjesi NH3 + CHRCOO-.

Phakathi kwalezi zimo "amabhlogo wokwakha" zihlangene ngu ibhondi amide phakathi carboxyl futhi Amine amaqembu. Konke ngokwemvelo akwembula ngaye izinkulungwane amaprotheni ezahlukene. Lesi sigaba kukhona amasosha omzimba, ama-enzyme, ama-hormone amaningi kanye nezinye izinto asebenzayo begazi. Ngokumangalisayo, naphezu kokuba zonke lokhu kuhlukahluka ngokunikeza amaprotheni Ukwakheka kungafaka phakathi ezahlukene bengekho ngaphezu kwama-30 nama-amino acid, 20 zazo ethandwa kakhulu. Kubantu, bathola 22 kuphela, okunye neze wakwamukela futhi excreted out. Eight amino acid yaleli qembu ubhekwa esisemqoka. It leucine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine futhi valine. Ziyakwazi umzimba wethu angeke synthesize bebodwa, kodwa ngenxa engayitholi zazo kwakudinga kusukela ngaphandle. Asele (taurine, arginine, glycine, carnitine, asparagine, histidine, cysteine, glutamine, alanine, ornithine, tyrosine, proline, noSerine, cystine), kungaba ukudala ngokuzimela. Ngakho-ke, lezi amino acid abhekwa iqembu nezilandiso. Kuye ngokuthi iqembu lokuqala amaprotheni, kanye degree yayo ukumuncwa umzimba, amaprotheni sehlukaniswe ephezulu grade nabaphansi. Isilinganiso nsuku zonke ukusetshenziswa izinga izinto ukuze abantu itholakala uhla kusuka 1 kuya 2 amagremu amakhilogramu esisindo ngayinye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abantu sedentary okufanele lunamathele ekupheleni engezansi leli banga, futhi sporstmenov - phezulu.

Kanjani ukufunda isakhiwo wamaprotheni

Ukuze Ekuhloleni lezi izinto ngokuyinhloko esetshenziswa hydrolysis indlela. I amaprotheni yomshayeli kwezinhloso zenzuzo ukufuthelana nge alulaze hydrochloric acid (6.10 Mol / ilitha) ezingeni lokushisa kusuka 100 kuya 1100? C? C. Ngenxa yalokho, it iba yingxenye yomhlabathi ibe ingxube amino acid ukuthi unikeza kakade acid ngabanye acid. Okwamanje, i- ukuhlaziya ambalwa amaprotheni test esetshenziswa iphepha, futhi ion exchange chromatography. Kukhona ngisho analyzers ekhethekile othomathikhi yiziphi kulula ukuchaza kahle hle ukuthi yiziphi amino acid akhiqizwa kwamazinyo.