Amanyikwe Artificial: ukubuyekeza

Pathology ka ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela (DM) kubhekwa isifo ovamile kakhulu ezihlobene ukwephulwa kohlelo endocrine. Lesi sifo hhayi kuphela imayelana nani izinguquko carbohydrate umzimba, kodwa futhi igcwele yezinkinga ezinzima. Futhi, isifo sikashukela libalwa phakathi izici okubangela ukuthuthukiswa ezingamahlalakhona pathologies inhliziyo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo eyaziwa - ngempela isifo esiyingozi. Ngokuvamile kuholela ekuhlulekeni inhliziyo, ukukhubazeka kanye nekhwalithi encishisiwe zokuphila.

Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela eba ngenxa esingamahlalakhona kwamanyikwe endocrine, noma ukunciphisa izicubu ukumelana. Ngenxa yalokho, insulin ayisekho ekhiqizwa bese ufaka igazi. Lokhu i-hormone kuyadingeka ukuze carbohydrate benana, e-glucose ethile.

ingozi Omkhulu ukuba impilo kuyinto soHlobo 1 libhekene kahle insulini uketshezi. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka esemncane (usakhula), ngokushesha ngakho kuholela kulimaze ukuze izicubu sezinzwa, endothelium semithambo, nephrotoxicity, futhi retinopathy.

Ngokuhamba Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuya baqala ukuvela mayelana nokuthuthukiswa lokhu okusungulile njengenhlangano amanyikwe yokufakelwa. Ngokusho ososayensi, leli thuluzi ungaphuma kakhulu lula ukuba khona iziguli sikashukela.

Kuyini amanyikwe wokufakelwa?

Amanyikwe libhekisela ezithweni wokugaya ukudla. Inhloso Its main - ukuthuthukisa enzyme ezidingekile nokwenziwa ukudla emathunjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanyikwe ine endocrine ingxenye. Kukhulula hormone - glucagon, somatostatin, insulini. Uma ukwephula imikhiqizo zokugcina athuthukile uhlobo 1 sikashukela. Kuvele amanyikwe yokufakelwa - kudivayisi ngumkhiqizi okumele kwenziwe ukukhiqizwa insulin egazini. Lokhu apharathasi is a indlela esakhelwe ukuthi wenza umsebenzi isitho lilimele.

Lo mshini wezenzo esikhundleni amanyikwe

Iinsetjenziswa kwamanyikwe yokufakelwa has izindlela ezimbili ezihlobene. Okokuqala - lokhu isifutho se-insulin. It yasungulwa ngaphambili futhi kakhulu lula izimpilo kweziguli ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela. Le divayisi ichibi, equkethe insulin esifushane esebenza.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "isifo sikashukela" kufanele bahlale ukubala inani carbohydrate kudliwa futhi i-hormone phansi kwesikhumba iqondiswa phambi reception ngamunye ukudla. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, senziwa isifutho se-insulin. Iqukethe insulini eyanele, okuyinto adedelwa igazi wedwa, okungukuthi, ngaphandle imijovo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa eziqukethwe futha, ngokwanele izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Mshini yesibili iyatholakala njengengxenye "isitho" yokufakelwa - imitha kwegazi glucose. Ngokungafani isifutho se-insulin, le divayisi ngeke ezifakelwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba lesiguli. Kudingeka ngenjongo ukuqapha ezingeni igazi glucose. Bobabili yasungulwa indlela echazwe ekuqaleni. Umehluko phakathi kwale divaysi ukuthi exhunywe kwi-kudivayisi 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usebenza ku-intanethi. Uma usebenzisa isifutho se-insulin kudinga nesineke iqondiswa ukubaluleka ngokuqhubekayo kulinganiswa glucose abale umthamo izidakamizwa. Kwamanyikwe yokufakelwa kuyosiza kususe iziguli ezivela kulesi sibopho.

Isici kokusunguliwe ukuthi uhlelo lokuqapha ezixhunywe ngokuqondile isifutho se-insulin. Le ndlela yokwenza ibizwa ngokuthi "evaliwe iluphu uhlelo". Ukuze idivayisi ukuze isebenze kahle, inikeza ukulawula nochwepheshe abanolwazi ubani onamandla ukuqapha ukusebenza idivayisi ukude. Ngenxa yalesi okusunguliwe, impilo iziguli uhlobo 1st sikashukela, ngeke zihlukile kubantu enempilo. Ngempela, lo mshini uyakwazi ukubuyisa ngokugcwele isitho lilimele.

Imisebenzi kwamanyikwe yokufakelwa

Injongo eyinhloko kokusungulwa "umzimba" kubhekwa ukuzivocavoca ukulawula umzimba carbohydrate. Ngokuvamile, lo msebenzi wenziwa insulin hormone. Ngo DM uhlobo 1 yalolu ketshezi eziphila abakhuthele akuyona ekhiqizwa amanyikwe. Ngakho-ke i-hormone kumele lingene egazini lisuka ngaphandle. Ukuletha ukuphila ukuze iziguli khona okujwayelekile, lokho kuyinkomba yasungulwa uhlaka yokufakelwa. Izici eziyinhloko idivayisi zihlanganisa:

1. nokuqapha njalo amazinga kashukela egazini. Isilinganiso wenziwa ngokuzimela njalo ngemva kwemizuzu engu-5.
2. Ukwethulwa esifushane esebenza insulini kusukela futha e Hyperglycemia. Irisidi le-hormone egazini kumele kwenziwe njalo, ikakhulu ukusetshenziswa umsoco futhi ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba.
3. kudivayisi ongenaziphazamiso ukulawula ukusebenza angumfelandawonye imitha kanye isifutho se-insulin.

Kukhona imisebenzi umshini kufanele kuhlanganise ukwehlisa ingozi ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga sikashukela kanye ngcono izinga lempilo iziguli.

Umlando kwamanyikwe yokufakelwa: ukuthuthukiswa kokusunguliwe,

Sikhishwe fast kanjani imithi ishintsha zibe ngcono, akumangalisi ukuthi maduze kufanele ubone nedivaysi ukwazi ukushintsha ngokuphelele ukuphila leziguli sikashukela insulini nasekuthengeni. Ngeshwa, naphezu ukuthuthukiswa ukufakelwa, ukuxazulula le nkinga ngokutshela esikhundleni umzimba lesiguli a amanyikwe enempilo cishe kungenakwenzeka. Nokho 2014 kwaziwa mayelana nokuthuthukiswa insimbi, okwaziyo ukugcina umzimba carbohydrate ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okuyingozi. Ngaleso sikhathi, ososayensi babe okokuqala kushiwo mayelana nokwenzeka ngokwakha idivayisi uzosusa amanyikwe. Ucwaningo lwenziwa emazweni amaningi. Ngokusho isitatimende isimangaliso ubuchwepheshe onjiniyela, amanyikwe yokufakelwa ngeke kakade zisebenza 2018. Uma odokotela izibalo ziyiqiniso, bese esikhathini esiseduze esizayo sikashukela ngeke usaba khona esinye sezifo okubi, angenamandla ngazo kuze kube manje.

Isiyazanywa kokusunguliwe

Kwaphela iminyaka emibili, olwenziwa ucwaningo ezinkulu uvumele esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ukuze bakwenze idivayisi efana amanyikwe yokufakelwa. Uzobona idivayisi, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi e-University of Virginia, ngo-2018. I emikhulu Isivivinyo sokuqala emitholampilo lwenzelwe ukuhlola idivayisi, ezisebenza isimiso 'iluphu avaliwe. " Njengamanje kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda ukusebenza zedivayisi.

Uphenyo ososayensi nodokotela mayelana kokusungulwa

Ukufunda nokuthuthukiswa isimangaliso ubuchwepheshe abathintekayo ososayensi kusukela eziningi izikhungo ehola diabetology. Ngokusho odokotela, idivaysi yakho ngeke omunye intuthuko enkulu kwezokwelapha.