Amakhiwane: ezikhulayo ekhaya. Amakhiwane kusuka imbewu. Ukukhulela endle, ukunakekela

Fig, umkhiwane, nguye, yena umkhiwane - isitshalo eningizimu, okuyinto ukhetha sikhule khona, lapho kungcono efudumele. Nokho, abatshali Russian asesabi zezinselele uyeza, futhi baqala ukuzama wamfaka hhayi kuphela sill iwindi, kodwa futhi ezindaweni. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le kuyisenzakalo esithakazelisayo kakhulu, ngakho ufunde, ukuzuza ulwazi theory kanye ukunambitheka - ke ithakazelisa kakhulu.

ikakhulukazi izitshalo

Ngaphambi ukukhula yisithombo zokutshala, kahle ubuze kuyini amakhiwane. Ukukhulela emzini lokhu berry emangalisayo kudinga nokuqikelela kanye isineke. isitshalo Adult ngempela ngesineke ukubekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ebusika degrees 20, kodwa ngeke akunike okungaphezu kokukodwa kwezitshalo ngonyaka, kanti ezindaweni ezishisayo izithelo isuswe kathathu ngonyaka. Yiqiniso, ezimweni zethu, kuba sibalo engenangqondo, kodwa muthi uye wakhula, nesithelo athela, kuzomele ukhokhe ukunakwa esiphezulu yokuthi lesi sitshalo lithole ukushisa ngokwanele. Okuwukuphela kwendlela uzokwazi ukuthola ekwindla amakhiwane esihlwabusayo. Ukukhulela emzini inqwaba izithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo - le nqubo kuyajabulisa.

Tricks balimi

Kusobala ukuthi indlela evamile lokutshala asifanele, lesi sitshalo kuzothatha eyodwa ebusika bese vymerznet, njengoba uyoba ophakeme kakhulu. Ngakho ungatholi amakhiwane fresh futhi eziwusizo ngokumangalisayo. Ukhula Othandweni ekhaya ngokuvamile kungagcini kucedvwa of cuttings, ngemva kwalokho lesi sitshalo kuthunyelwe ekhanyayo. Ukutshala akukhona nje ukuthi iyaphila kodwa futhi ukuletha isivuno, udinga ukukhetha hhayi kuphela endaweni efanele, kodwa futhi ukusebenzisa ekhethekile, emseleni zokutshala indlela. Plus ayedingeka ukuba isihlahla ekhethekile emagatsheni awo kungukuthi frosted ngesikhathi abandayo ebusika. Sizoqala ukuqaqa konke ukuze. Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa kwakunezigqiki ezithambile, okuyinto angadluliselwa engadini.

Ukutshalwa amakhiwane ekhaya kusuka imbewu

Ukuhlehlisa umsebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okudinga isikhathi esiningi kanye nesineke. Akuwona wonke umuntu osebenza engadini uzimisele ukulinda iminyaka 7-8 kuze kube isikhathi lapho amagatsha ngeke uvuthwe izithelo kuqala. Nokho, uma inzalo yakho ukutshala ezingaphezu kuka yokudala, okungukuthi, unesithakazelo inqubo, ke kungani kungenjalo ambheke, eziqala ezincane, ithenda amahlumela.

Ukuze uthole imbewu kudingeka ukuthenga fresh noma amakhiwane omisiwe. izithelo ezivuthiwe eqoqwe emasimini, imbewu abe ukuhluma okuhle. Manje sidinga ukulinda kuze entwasahlobo, futhi ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini. Imbewu kahle wageza, nokususa kubo isikhwehlela, futhi ukuze yome. Ukutshala imbewu kumuntu ka 2 cm ukujula, amanzi anele futhi wambozwa upulasitiki. Ngemva kwamasonto amathathu, ngombandela wokuthi uyobasekela umswakama high kanye lokushisa air, livela ikhiwane kancane. Manje umsebenzi wakho - accustom izitshalo kancane kancane ukuba ekamelweni lokushisa, bese iqeda, eneka emphemeni ekuqaleni imizuzu embalwa bese amahora. Uma izithombo afinyelele 10 cm ubude, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza Pick.

Ukutshalwa amakhiwane usebenzisa cuttings

Lena yindlela isheshe, okuyinto replicates kahle amakhiwane. Ukhula Othandweni ekhaya (isithombe ngokucacile ngaphezulu inqubo) kuhilela ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele ka cuttings kanye ukufakelwa okwalandela ebhodweni elikhulu noma ukutshala ekhanyayo. Yikuphi kulula kakhulu, ngoba amagatsha for cuttings kungenziwa usike nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngakho uma abangane bakho selibuthile emazweni afudumele, bacele ukuba alethe amahlumela abo, azisonge ngendwangu emanzi.

Wathola cuttings kudingeka ukulungiselela zokutshala, okwenza i-cut etshekile. On cortex ukwenza sebeziqhumbuza longitudinal ngaphezulu, kulapha futhi uzoqhubeka abe nezimpande. Manje agcobhoze ahlabayo emanzini amahora ambalwa kwesokunxele kuya latex. inhlabathi Parallel decontaminated kudingeka isixazululo eziqinile potassium permanganate, kulandele cuttings zitshalwa at a 5 cm ukujula. Phezulu wathela isihlabathi 1 cm, futhi isitsha embozwe tin noma polyethylene. Cishe ngemva kwenyanga, uzobona amahlamvu kuqala abasha, futhi ngemva kwenyanga amakhiwane uzolunga ukufakela. Cishe ngemva konyaka sizokwazi ukudla kolibo.

Amakhiwane ebhodweni

isitshalo esincane kungaholela ebabayo cishe 12 izinyanga, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi izimpande zawo luyokhula kakhulu, futhi kuyodingeka repot ke. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukufakelwa ngokushesha ku ebhodweni elikhulu uyawuthiya ukuthuthukiswa yayo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba nithintithe isitshalo yonyaka kusukela imbiza, ukuhlola izimpande zawo bese ukhetha entsha. Imbiza ashukumise uhlelo impande futhi ushiye isikhala esincane ukukhula nokwakheka kwalo. isitshalo Adult (ngokuvamile eneminyaka eyisithupha zokutshala) kuthiwa wayeka ekuthuthukisweni kwabo, singakwazi manje kutshalwe kuwo njalo eminyakeni 5-6.

Uma abanye ubuqili ezikuvumela ukhule ube namakhiwane amahle. Ukunakekelwa ukutshalwa ekhaya kumele ahambisana nezidingo isitshalo tropical. Lapho ukutshala collar impande akuyona luyajula, isitshalo uqobo isendaweni indawo ukukhanya kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ukuthambisa okuhle.

Enye ukumangala: kuba lezihlahla, okusho Ekuqaleni autumn uzodinga ukunikela kwakhe nenkathi ukuphumula. Kungcono ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ukuze +5 degrees, uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, khona-ke ukuba kumile uwubeke endaweni emnyama futhi ukunciphisa ukuthambisa. Ukunisela ukukhiqiza wamanzi abandayo kancane kuphela, ukuze inhlabathi kungaqali ezomile.

entwasahlobo Awakening

Siyaqhubeka ukhulume amakhiwane. Ukhula Othandweni ekhaya (ukubuyekezwa uthi akusiyo njengoba kunzima njengoba kuzwakala) iba ezithakazelisayo okuningi nge ukufika kwentwasahlobo. Njengoba sekunama-ngowokuqala efihlekile isitshalo idluliswe endaweni ukukhanya inyuka ukuchelela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kubalulekile ukondla Umanyolo nitrogen. Esikhathini esizayo, lolu hlelo inqubo kufanele liphindwe kabili ngenyanga. Lesibili nelesithathu kungaba kwenziwe usebenzisa nitrogen Umanyolo, bese udinga ukusebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

izihlahla

Amakhiwane - kusenzima esihlahleni, ngakho uma ungenawo ukunakekela ukwakheka umqhele, ke vymahal phezulu ophahleni. Njalo entwasahlobo, okungcono ngaphambi avele efihlekile, kubalulekile ukuba nginqume amahlumela, wangaphakathi phusha phezulu. Nokho, phawula ukuthi igatsha ovundlile akamthinti, kuba kubo akhiwa izithelo. Ngokuvamile akha umqhele esime fan, Kulula kabi. kuqala izithelo lokuqoqa akhiwa phezu kwezinkuni ubudala cishe ekuqaleni ehlobo.

zokutshala Lungile e ekhanyayo

Eqinisweni, ukutshala eningizimu umkhiwane ezindaweni ezisenyakatho - isifundo ezinzima. Yingakho abantu abaningi aziveli ukhulisa amakhiwane. Ukukhulela ekhaya, ukugula kanye nobunzima obuhlukahlukene, ubungozi bokulahlekelwa simila ebusika abandayo - konke lokhu kuwubufakazi onohlonze ukuze ufake ezovumelana nezimo zethu simila. Nokho, kukhona phakathi balimi, futhi labo asesabi nobunzima. Ngakho ukuthi isitshalo zakhula kahle, ke abatshalwé imisele ejulile. Kule ndawo kumele kube sunniest futhi wawushisa kunayo yonke eyaziwayo lonke endaweni. kahle kakhulu, uma eningizimu kule ndawo ivuliwe, futhi zonke ezinye izinhlangano uyogcwala izindonga brick noma izihlahla. Lokhu kuzodala microclimate esiyingqayizivele.

Ukumba umsele

Manje kumele sisebenze, incike ukutshala amakhiwane ekhaya. Esikhathini ekhanyayo sokumba strip ezijulile kwesigamu imitha. Kulokhu, susa le ungqimba top, kuba indawo enothe kunazo, bese ugoba kwelinye direction, esizokwazi ukudala substrate. Isendlalelo ephansi, abampofu izakhi kabusha icala langasentla loba ngamawaka, azakhele indunduma umhlaba. Ububanzi cishe imitha elilodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo odongeni eningizimu kuyadingeka ukwenza eyehlelayo bushelelezi phansi. Manje wena balale amanzi ungqimba, futhi phezulu - izakhi substrate, exutshwe humus kanye Vermicompost, lapho ukujula emgodini kuyehla mayelana 100 cm.

Ukushisa ezengeziwe

Siye wagcizelela kakade ukuthi amakhiwane - isitshalo kakhulu ukushisa-onothando. Ngakho, ningazifanisi engadingekile ukulondoloza nje kuphela kodwa futhi ukwandisa ukushisa kwehlobo. Kuze kube yimanje, emthambekeni eseningizimu ye emseleni embozwe black ifilimu, futhi kumpambuko enyakatho Gcizelela ngesineke amabhodi amhlophe noma insimbi. Wall ezitolo nokushisa emini nasebusuku elikunikeza ngayo. Ebusika, lapho indawo yokuhlala amakhiwane efanele uzobe ngokugcwele bavikelekile frost, ngoba inhlabathi eqandisiwe akukho kuka imitha elilodwa. Ngakho amakhiwane ebusika kahle futhi imikhiqizo yezilimo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukudala kokufika izimo cishe ezishisayo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sikhule hhayi amakhiwane kuphela, kodwa futhi amabhomu, umfire, futhi tangerine.