Amagilebhisi: izinambuzane kanye nokulawula kwazo

Amagilebhisi asiyeke ukuba isiko elingeningizimu. Izinhlobo ezikhula kahle futhi zithele izithelo endaweni ephakathi yaseRussia ngesimo sezulu esiphezulu siphethwe. Njengazo zonke izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe, amagilebhisi adinga ukunakekelwa okuhle. Okokuqala, ukulwa nezinambuzane zamagilebhisi kumele kulawulwe kahle, okungabekwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: izifo zefungal kanye nezinambuzane.

Izifo ze-fungal - isongo kumagilebhisi

Izifo ze-fungal, isongo kumagilebhisi, okuningi. Okuyinhloko yizifo, i-powdery isikhutha (i-oidium), i-gray and white rot, i-anthracnose, i-chlorosis nezinye.

Noma yisiphi isifo kulula ukuvimbela kunokwelapha. Ukuvimbela izifo zomvini, ukuvimbela kuyadingeka, isibonelo, izinqubo ze-agrotechnical. Izihlahla namagilebhisi amagilebhisi kufanele abe umoya omuhle, okungukuthi, umoya phakathi kwabo kufanele uhambe ngokukhululekile "uhambe". Kulesi simo, izihlahla kanye neziqephu zamagatsha zibalulekile, pasynkovanie, ngesikhathi sokuvuna amajikijolo - ukususwa kwamaqabunga avela emasimini. Lezi zinqubo zivumela umoya ukuba ungene ngaphakathi ehlathini, masinyane umise amagilebhisi. Izinambuzane, noma izinhlamvu ezincane zezifo ze-fungal, azikwazi ukuhluma nokushabalala.

Izinyathelo zokuzivikela zihlanganisa ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kwesivini ngezilungiso zesulfure, topsin ne-fudosol. Amajikijolo avuthiwe afafaze kahle ngesisombululo se-pink se-potassium permanganate.

Umphumela omuhle utholakala ngokuthulizwa njalo kwenhlabathi ngamapulangwe. I-Potassium, equkethe, iyathinta ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifungi kuvimbela ukusabela kwe-alkali.

Amagilebhisi: izinambuzane - izinambuzane

Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zamagilebhisi ziyi-phylloxera, i-horseradish, isicabucabu, i- bear, i-crochet leafworm, i-wireworm, isp.

I-Phylloxera (cishe i-aphid engabonakali) yinkathazo eyingozi engakwazi ukulwa nayo. Ilimaza izimpande namaqabunga amagilebhisi. Ezindaweni ezithintekayo, kuqhutshwa ukuqhuma okukhanyayo okukhanyayo (kamuva-okubomvu obumnyama), amandla okukhula kwesitshalo ayancipha, futhi afe.

EYurophu, i-phylloxera ivela eNyakatho Melika futhi ngokushesha yaletha umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa ne-viticulture. Esikhathini sekhulu le-XIX, uhulumeni waseFrance wakha isikhwama semali ebhonasi ngamanani ama-francs ayizinkulungwane ezingu-300 ukuze abulale i-phylloxera. Kodwa kuze kube manje ayitholakalanga.

I-Phylloxera ivame ukubekezelela ngokutshala izinto. Ukuze kuvikelwe, kudingekile ukuba unqamule imizuzu emibili ngesisombululo esilungiswe kusuka ku-200 g yobumba kanye no-100 g we-12% hexachlorane uthuli kumalitha angu-5 amanzi. Okufanelekile futhi kukhona izinambuzane: DI-68, "Rogor", danadim, phosphamide, "Aktelik" nabanye.

I-agent yokuvimbela i-parsley. Zitshale esivini udinga ngangokunokwenzeka!

Emhlabathini onesihlabathi, i-phylloxera ayihlakuleli, kodwa emhlabathini onesihlabathi futhi onamahloni usuke buthakathaka kakhulu.

Amagilebhisi abhubhisa izinambuzane. Izimpungushe zazo zihlala emhlabathini futhi ziqoqa izimpande nezicutheka zamagilebhisi. Ngesikhathi sokumba kwenhlabathi ekwindla kuyadingeka ukuqoqa nokubhubhisa izibungu ze Khrushchev. Bawabhubhisa lapho behlola izitshalo ezincane entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Amahlamvu amagilebhisi anesifo sikasicabha esithandayo ukuhlala ngaphansi kwawo athola umbala obomvu. Umkhaza ukhetha izinhlobo zemagilebhisi namahlamvu avulekile. Akesabi ubusika futhi aphinde ahlale esivini entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga amagilebhisi aqhekekile, kufanele aphucwe nge-emulsion engu-0.20% ye-celtic. Bese uphefaza isipele futhi.

I-Wasps nayo iyalimaza amagilebhisi. Izinambuzane ziyesaba i-chlorophos, ezifakwe kuyo.

Izibungu-amaqabunga evemvane encane ye-motley abangela ukulimala okukhulu emahlathini, izimbali kanye namajikijolo omvini. Ngenxa yalokho, amajikijolo aphelile ngesimo sezulu esomile, kodwa emanzini abola. Ungaqeda inkathazo ngokuphalaza ngesisombululo se-0.2-0.3% se-chlorophos, kanye nama-insecticide eziphilayo, isibonelo, nesidakamizwa i-Bacillus Turingensis. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kubalulekile ukususa amagxolo avela ezigodini nasezigodini eziseduze.

Ukuvikela amagilebhisi ezinambuzane akuyona ibhizinisi elilula nelinzima. Kodwa uma ufuna unyaka ngamunye ukuba ujabulele amajikijolo amnandi amavini, kufanele ukuthi kwenziwe ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ngenhloso.