Alinganise inani Imininingwane

Ngokokuqala ngqá igama elithi "ulwazi" siphakamisiwe yizazi zefilosofi zasendulo futhi linjengezwi informatio - ukucaciseleka, isethulo, ukuqaphela. Nokho, emibuthanweni zezemfundo basaqhubeka mpikiswano eqhubekayo mayelana definition olunembile kakhulu futhi ephelele izwi. Ngokwesibonelo, usosayensi Klod Shennon, ngubani wabeka izisekelo imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi, ebheka khona ukuthi inani - it is wathwebula ukungaqiniseki isihloko ulwazi nganoma yini. Inchazelo olula "Imininingwane" umsindo ngakho - kuba degree of ukuqaphelisa mayelana into.

Ukuze anqume inani ulwazi kumele ayejwayele ngezigaba kolwazi zalezi zinyathelo. Kukhona izinyathelo ezintathu kolwazi: syntactic, semantic futhi kuncike kokwenzekayo. Ake sicabangele isilinganiso ngayinye:

1. A Isenzo-syntax isebenza nge idatha, azibonisi ubuhlobo semantic ukuba into. Lesi senzo usebenza uhlobo abezindaba, indlela isethulo kanye esephepheni, ukudluliswa kanye nesivinini kolwazi ukucubungula.

Kulokhu, esilinganisweni inani Imininingwane - inani lememori edingekayo ukugcina idatha into. umthamo Imininingwane ilingana nenani kwamadijithi wesistimu kanambambili lapho zokuxhumana code, futhi ulinganiswa izingcezu.

Ukuze anqume inani Imininingwane syntactic, ubheke nomqondo entropy - izinyathelo ukungaqiniseki isimo uhlelo - okungukuthi, ulwazi lwethu mayelana nesimo se-izakhi zayo kanye isimo ohlelweni lonke. Khona-ke inani Imininingwane - ushintsho ohlelweni alinganise ukungaqiniseki ke kukhona ushintsho (ukwanda noma ukuncipha) le entropy.

2. Isilinganiso semantic kuncuma semantic idatha okuqukethwe nabangane nemingcele ohambelana ulwazi umsebenzisi amandla ukucubungula umyalezo. Lo mqondo liye labizwa ngokuthi nethesorasi umsebenzisi. Ngu nethesorasi baqonde usethe kolwazi mayelana into ukuthi ine uhlelo noma umsebenzisi. Inani eliphelele ulwazi kusuka umbono engasho lutho ingase ibe kunjalo lapho yonke imali idatha kuyaqondakala kumsebenzisi noma uhlelo - ke kungenziwa iphathwe nge nethesorasi ekhona - ngakho kuba umqondo isihlobo.

3. pragmatic Imininingwane isilinganiso ulinganisa ukubaluleka kolwazi ukufeza injongo ethile. Lo mqondo futhi lilinganiselwe futhi sihlobene ngokuqondile amandla kohlelo noma umsebenzisi ukusebenzisa imali ethile idatha ku angomunye ukukhathazeka. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukala ulwazi kusuka iphuzu pragmatic umbono, e amayunithi efanayo njengoba umsebenzi umgomo.

Ngu izici qualitative kolwazi zihlanganisa izinkomba ezilandelayo:

- representativeness - ukukhethwa efanele kanye nokunikeza ulwazi elilungile ukubonisa izimfanelo into.

- eningi - isilinganiso ulwazi semantic ku nesilinganiso ngoba ivolumu idatha ezenziwayo.

- Ukuphelela - khona okuyisilinganiso esiphansi semali edingekayo ukufeza ulwazi umgomo okuthunyelwe Ukudayela.

- izinqubo okwakungenzeka ngenxa kokuthola futhi iguqulwe umsebenzisi noma uhlelo idatha - Ukutholakala.

- Ukubaluleka - degree of kulondolozwe ukubaluleka ulwazi kusuka irisidi kuze isilungele ukusetshenziswa.

- Izikhathi ezibekiwe - ukugeleza kolwazi ngaphakathi kwakudinga isikhathi.

- Ukunemba - ngezinga elingakanani Imininingwane isimo sangempela into.

- Ukuthembeka - ikhono idatha Imininingwane libonise wangempela letigcogcwe ngaphambilini nge ukunemba ecacisiwe.

- Sustainability - Ulwazi impahla evumela ukuphendula ekuguquleni isikhathi idatha yoqobo, ngenkathi sigcina ukunemba okunjalo.

Khumbula, inani kubaluleke kakhulu okwamanje, ngakho udinga ukwazi ngakho ngangokunokwenzeka!