Umlando lesi sifo Pediatrics. izifo ebuntwaneni

Medicine, sibonga isipiliyoni anqwabelene, namuhla uyakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi. Ukuxilonga kahle ngento, kudingeka nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe e Pediatrics. Njengoba ezimele, isazi sezifo zezingane umsebenzi kuqhathaniswa abasha. Kodwa uma uphakamisa izincwadi ukutadisha nemibhalo yasendulo, lo mbhalo wesandla zingatholakala eNdiya yasendulo, Egypt, iBhabhiloni, China kanye isimo URARTU izingane ukusuthisa, ukunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ebuntwaneni. Kakade namakhulu eminyaka 15-16 kulotshiwe encwadini lapho ungabona incazelo izifo ebuntwaneni, kodwa abakatholakali izincomo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-17 Pediatrics ekhulwini iqala ukuhlukanisa njengoba isayensi ehlukile. Kakade ekhulwini le-18 ukuphindaphinda izincwadi ezikhethekile. Inani elikhulu labantu abafayo okusezingeni eliphezulu kwezingane ukuthonywa ukuthuthukiswa of Pediatrics. Ngokushesha ngaqala ukuvula izibhedlela ezikhethekile. Lonke umlando sifo Pediatrics namuhla akugcini ngisho namakhulu izifo.

Pediatrics ebuntwaneni izifo

Pediatrics - kuyinto igatsha ahlukene kwezokwelapha study izici zokuthuthuka kwezingane ngokwemizwa, isifo sabo, nezindaba zokunakekela for ngomntwana osanda kuzalwa, enempilo futhi ngiyagula. Ekuqaleni, kwakukhona nje ngendaba Pediatrics ebuntwaneni izifo abasebasha futhi ekulweni ukususwa kwabo. Namuhla, isayensi ihlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuyinto ezihlobene eduze ne ukuthuthukiswa evamile futhi izifo zezingane kusuka ekuzalweni kuya nokuthomba. ezindaweni ezinjalo aqukethe inhlanzeko, izitho zomzimba, dietetics, izifo zezingane, zokuvimbela yabo kanye nokwelashwa.

Ingane sonke isikhathi ezikhulayo nokuthuthukisa, enezinto eziningi izici yokwakheka bokuphila, yokungavuthwa ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba, ngaleyo ndlela inquma ngokucacile yesifo nesenzakalo. Ngokwesibonelo, izifo ezithize ebuntwaneni kukhona lula kakhulu waze waba mdala, ezifana ne-rubella futhi upokisi, kodwa elingenhla zokuphefumula ipheshana izingane ezinzima.

Pyelonephritis ezinganeni

Sitholakele pyelonephritis kusho ngokwayo nespetseficheskoe umonakalo ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala ukhalo nephron tubules futhi interstitial izicubu izinso. Ezinganeni, kuba njalo kakhulu isifo so-renal. Ngokusho idatha WHO, uphethwe yini ngokushesha ngemva LI, okuyinto endaweni yokuqala. Cishe uhlushwa amantombazane ke kunentsha.

Izici pyelonephritis

isifo sezinso futhi uchaza futhi Pediatrics. Emlandweni wezifo pyelonephritis kusikisela ukuthi imbangela yalesi sifo amagciwane. Namuhla kutholakala pyelonephritis acute nezinhlobo ezahlukene zawo ubomvu. Lesi sibonakaliso izinga lokushisa nobuhlungu kungakheka kunoma scarlet fever, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, umkhuhlane, septicopyemia, namathansela okungamahlalakhona, i-typhoid fever, nabanye. Ezimweni eziningi, lapha E. coli Amagciwane kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene. Omubi ekukhuleni ezifana nesifo streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, gonococci, Proteus, mikoplazy, Candida uhlobo isikhunta, amagciwane, njll

izingane gastroduodenit

Lesi sifo ezinganeni wonke ihlanganisa nokuvuvukala non-eqondile nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we isisu duodenum. Ihlangana chronic gastro oyingozi. Medical umlando wezifo zezingane kanye ukuxilongwa salo ngaso sonke isikhathi esinembile, ngoba lesi sifo kudidaniswe kolwelwesi. Sinenkosi nezimpawu ezifanayo. imiphumela yempilo olunamandla libukeka kanje: ubuhlungu futhi ukusinda esiswini engenhla, nomlomo owomile nasekomeni, regurgitation acid, isicanucanu nekhanda. gastro Okungalapheki ihlanganisa izimpawu ngaphezulu:

- ngiyaqaqanjelwa emva kokudla khona ngesimo ekuhlaseleni ubuhlungu besisu;

- ubuhlungu esiswini lapho sicindezelwe;

- umuzwa ekugcwaleni;

- nokubhamuka;

- isilungulela;

- ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlanza;

- yokuntuleka esesuthi;

- ulimi enamathela amhlophe noma aphuzi;

- ukulahlekelwa esisindo;

- ngihlaselwe iphupho elibi;

- ukukhathala;

- isiyezi;

- neziqubu ukuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo.

Kancane sihluke isifo gastro izingane omdala. Umlando lesi sifo Pediatrics ngokuvamile ziyafana. Medicine ithole izindlela zokubhekana nalesi sifo, kodwa nokwelashwa kwayo isikhathi esiningi.

Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini

Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini - ezivamile ekuphileni kwethu esithathelwanayo elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula kubangelwa igciwane okuxubile ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokuvamile kuba ngenxa ungakaqedi ikhambi umkhuhlane. Ngo abaningi kubo okuyizingane egula imnyama kanye nokudla, yamathambo, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini noma umthethosisekelo buthaka emzimbeni, kanye nokuvikeleka abampofu.

Pediatrics Modern, wezokwelapha umlando ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula uthi izimpawu ezinkulu yalesi sifo zihlanganisa:

- amakhala yisisu;

- sneezing;

- ukukhwehlela;

- ukushisa lapho besanda kuqala lesi sifo.

Ngokuvamile, ukukhwehlela whooping bunohlamvu ngaphandle isikhwehlela ukuthi expectorated ukungaguquguquki frothy, ezimhlophe noma viscous. Isikhathi ayizange belashwa ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula kungagcina kube esingamahlalakhona noma ngezinye izikhathi ngisho somoya.

Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini olunamandla ezinganeni

emizimbeni Wezingane ziyashesha kakhulu kungenzeka zonke izinhlobo zezifo, ikakhulukazi - ezihlukahlukene ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula. Lokhu kungenxa izici yokwakheka bokuphila, njenge:

1. onesici eyenziwe izivikeli mzimba, ukumelana omzimba ebuthaka ukuba amagciwane.

2. Izici e anatomy we isihlahla bronchial izingane ukuthi ungavumeli evamile hawk isikhwehlela.

3. Mukotsilliarny imvume aluphelele. Ngenxa yalokho lesi sici, kukhona ukuthambekela ekuqongeleleni okwandisiwe isikhwehlela ngenxa yokuthi le cilia ngokufanele kwi cylindrical mucosal epithelium, ngeke sibonise.

Izici ukugeleza ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula ezinganeni

Ngokuvamile ebuntwaneni ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kunzima kakhulu kunezinye abadala. Eyezingane ezincane kakhulu yisifo okunjalo kuyingozi ngisho nakakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa ingxenye shintsho yayo ifomu obstructive yekwenta eside, ukubonakaliswa yansukuzonke ngaphambi kweminyaka eli-3-5, kuze kube isikhathi lapho ngeke kwenzeke ushintsho ezisebenzini zalo abalulekile izici yokwakheka amashubhu bronchial nasemasosheni omzimba bebonke. Ukuze ingalo udokotela lokhu uphethwe yini kufanele umlando sifo ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula acute ezaziwayo. Pediatrics wathola indlela yokubhekana nalesi sifo.

Izici esikhethekile sifo izingane Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuqaleni wabonakaliswa hhayi ukukhwehlela kuphela, kodwa futhi izimpawu zokudakwa. Ngalesi sikhathi ingane ungenamdlandla, ayenakho imfiva, kukhona ubuthakathaka, akukho iphango. Ngo ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kakhulu, nge kwakhiwa iqhaza isimiso bronchial is nge kufushane okunzima umoya futhi kwesifuba, gurgling ndonda. Izingane ezindadlana akuvamile sibhekene okubonakalisa isifo.

inyumoniya

Isifo samaphaphu e kokubili ngabantwana nangabantu abadala kuyinto izinqubo ezenzeka izicubu wamaphaphu, okuyinto eba noma njengendlela ehlukene isifo ezimele, noma ukhonza njengelungu inkinga nezinye pathologies, ezifana nesimungumungwana, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela whooping, nabanye. Lesisifo elinye igama - i-pneumonia.

Njengoba umlando sifo Pediatrics, inyumoniya iyisifo lalivamile. Ngenxa amasu esimanje ososayensi besikhathi sethu Kuye kwatholakala ukuthi imbangela ukuvuvukala yamaphaphu ka-acute - kuba nokuxhumana izinhlobo eziningana amagciwane nezinto ezincane eziphilayo. Sichayeke ingozi yokuba lesi sifo ikakhulukazi labo bantu babe kwezimo ezingezinhle eziphilayo nasendleleni yabo yokuphila, ukudla okungenamsoco, ukudla okungenawo umsoco, yamathambo, diathesis exudative, uvithamini lokunemphilo nokuningi. Ngokuvamile, kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane iziguli ezingane ebonwe Ezimweni eziningi ngenxa Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka, catarrh yokuphefumula, ngoba inani leziguli samakhaza, sikhulela kakhulu esikhathini kubanda. Imikhuhlane subcooling ukudala izimo ezifanele kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo Amagciwane ayingozi. Ngokuvamile, othwala izifo ezifana ungumuntu umkhuhlane noma sibi nezifo zokuphefumula.

Ezimweni eziningi, le nkathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni ngoba inyumoniya ihlala izinsuku 2-7, wonke kule nkathi yesikhathi phezulu zokuphefumula ipheshana amagciwane ande. Ngokuvamile kuvela izimpawu zokuqala a izimpawu isifo esiyingozi ayisibonelo salezi umkhuhlane okuncane: amakhala yisisu, hhayi lokushisa lomzimba eliphezulu kakhulu, hhayi ukukhwehlela eqinile, amehlo abomvu nomphimbo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili ezinjalo lesi sifo angadlula noma abe ngaphansi evelele, futhi kwezinye izimo, pneumonia oyingozi ezinganeni eba ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

Livela pneumonia ezinganeni

Heavy ukugeleza inyumoniya kubangelwa izici kwesakhiwo umgudu wokuphefumula. A abasha ingane isikhala nasopharyngeal kuyinto ampofu, usayizi amancane izimbobo yayo encane ubukhulu ku ekhaleni kukwenza kungenzeki ukuba efudumele ngokugcwele futhi ukuhlunga emoyeni ongena emaphashini ngesikhathi ukuphefumula. Njengoba umlando sifo, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula acute iziguli ezingane kuyinto iphelela nzima kakhulu njengoba isici ukuvela kanye nokuthuthukiswa isifo futhi unciphise inesikhala we kuqhoqhoqho kanye umphimbo, ithenda mucosa, kokuba sebuningini kwemigudu ye-lymph lapho igazi eligciniwe isebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphaphu zezingane akhiwe isakhiwo okuxekethile, unegazi kakhudlwana futhi ezibhekwa emoyeni kancane. A thorax osanda kuzalwa cylindrical isesimweni, ngoba izimbambo zitholakala kancane ovundlile kunakubantu abadala. Lesi sici bokuphila ayikuvumeli usana udonsa kakhulu umoya, ngoba umoya abanye isikhathi esithile uhlala ezingabalulekile.

Ukuvimbela Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Contemporary Pediatrics izingane ngalolu daba unikeza omningi iseluleko, kodwa kukhona izincomo eziyisisekelo. Njengoba zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo avele ngenxa kokungenisa kwamagciwane womuntu futhi ezizalela isivele izitho, ukuze ugweme izifo kanye nemiphumela, kubalulekile ukukhomba kanye ukuhlukanisa umthombo ukutheleleka, ukuqeda yokudlulisela izindlela, ukwenza konke esingakwenza ukuze sandise amasosha omzimba wengane.