Ultrasound cerebral izingane: indlela yokwenza ukuthi ukubonisa

Ingane ngayinye inikezwe ubuchopho ultrasound enyakeni 1. Yiqiniso, ucwaningo enjalo iphakamisa imibuzo eminingana kusukela abazali. Kungani kwenziwa ultrasound cerebral izingane? Kuphephe kangakanani inqubo? Futhi wayengakuvusi ukubona udokotela phakathi nesifundo?

Kuyini ultrasonography cerebral

Namuhla, izingane eziningi zizalwa buhlungu kakhulu. Sinenkosi impilo ebuthaka nokuvikeleka ongaphakeme. Basola lena isimo ongemuhle emvelweni hhayi kuphela. Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu imbangela pathologies ezehlukene neziyaluyalu ezinganeni indlela engafanele zokuphila ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Yingakho odokotela bazama ukuchitha eziningi survey, ngisho ezibhedlela. Futhi ikakhulukazi uma usola noma yisiphi engavamile ukuthuthukiswa imvuthuluka.

ultrasound cerebral izingane kuyindlela ayinangozi ngokuphelele ukuhlola:

• ubuchopho izicubu;
• cortex cerebral;
• izitsha nezinye izakhiwo etholakala ngaphakathi ugebhezi.

Le ndlela ubizwa nangokuthi neurosonography.

Ngesisekelo uphethwe esekelwe isimiso amaza omsindo. umshini ultrasound ithumela ishayela lapho sidlula izicubu ingqondo. Wabe kubonakala kuzo. Lezi zimpawu bayabanjwa ngu nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha futhi uguqulwe ku qapha njengoba isithombe.

Kufanele kugcizelelwe futhi ukuthi ultrasound iphephile ngokuphelele cerebral izingane. Inqubo ayinayo imiphumela eseceleni. Ngu ngesikhathi ihlala cishe imizuzu engu-15-20. Sifo kungaba kwenziwe ngisho ngesikhathi lapho umntwana elele.

Kungani ucwaningo olwenziwa izingane enyakeni 1

Lokhu ukuxilongwe ngempela kwenziwa kuphela izinsana. akusho lutho ngokuphelele izingane esekhulile. Lokhu kungenxa izinguquko ezihlobene nokukhula.

amagagasi ultrasonic kalula ukungena ngesikhumba. Nokho, awakwazi ukudlulela ngokusebenzisa amathambo. Yingakho abadala ungeyena ultrasound scan zobuchopho. Ngenxa amathambo skull iziguli abaxhumana linamathele kuwo ngokwanele. Abanaso adlulisa ultrasound.

Isithombe ehluke ngokuphelele siyenzeka ebantwaneni phakathi nonyaka walo wokuqala wokuphila. Amathambo Yekhanda ungakakwenzi imvuthu yonke indawo ezinabantu adjoin. Akha fontanelles. Lezi yizindawo ezingakenziwa imbozwe ithambo izicubu. It fontanelles kukhona "amawindi" elihle kakhulu ultrasound. Bavumela ukuba kudlule ultrasound. Ngenxa yalesi udokotela angayihlola ngokuningiliziwe nezicubu ingane ebuchosheni.

Ngokuvamile kwenziwe ikhanda ultrasound ingane ngokusebenzisa fontanelle anterior. Yena itholakala phakathi parietal bone engaphelele. Sifo Ungase futhi zenzeka ngokusebenzisa fontanels sise amathempeli occiput.

Ngemva kokushikashikeka unyaka wonke fontanelle ezinkulu yene ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuqhuba ukuhlola.

Lapho iqondiswa ultrasound

Odokotela batusa ukuchitha ultrasonography cranial zonke izinsana enyakeni 1. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukuthuthukiswa pathologies ingqondo. Empeleni, izifo eziningi kungavuka imfihlo, futhi kwaphela isikhathi eside ukuba kuthintwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunezinkomba zokuthi zidinga esiyisibopho ultrasound cerebral izingane.

Lolu cwaningo babelwe:

• imvuthu ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
• izingane zabo isisindo kuphambuka kuyinsakavukela;
• ewusana olusanda kuzalwa nge skeleton engavamile zobuso noma ukuma ikhanda;
• imvuthu, wathola ukulimala lapho umuntu ezalwa ezithinta entanyeni (aboshezelwa vertebral Umthambo spasm athuthukile embhedeni lwemithambo, waqinisa intracranial);
• izingane abaye bahlupheka hypoxia, asphyxia;
• izingane ngilugcinile izimpawu of pathologies zezinzwa (ubuthakathaka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, Ukudlikizela);
• imvuthu, wathola igciwane intrauterine;
• Izinsana ezishona ukubonisa izimpawu hematomas intracranial, ezihlukahlukene ukulimala ebuchosheni, kwezinso kwezinye ukuthuthukiswa izitho.

Uma lezi izinkomba Kuphoqelekile ultrasound ezisanda kuzalwa. Kulokhu, inqubo kungase kungadingeki eyodwa.

reinvestigation

Ngokuvamile, abazali uthanda ukuchitha US lapho ingane abadadlana. 1 inyanga - kuba engu elilungile. Kodwa kulezo zimo, uma uhlangabezana izimpawu ephazamisayo, inqubo wenziwa esibhedlela imvuthu ezisanda kuzalwa.

Kulokhu, abazali kufanele ukulungele yokuthi kuzothatha ezimbalwa zalezi zifundo. Uma usana wembula ukuphambuka, udokotela ngeke linqume ukwelashwa okufanele. Kuphoqelekile Kufanele uthole udokotela yokwelapha aphoyintimenti ingane. 1 noma 2 ngenyanga ingelashwa. Khona-ke imvuthu ngokubuyisa kabusha Isivivinyo. Ultrasound kuyadingeka ukuze ukulawula okubakhona isifo. Udokotela kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi ukwelashwa esabelwe ngempumelelo, pathology wembula umntwana esilaphekayo.

Ezinganeni kumbulwa kwembeswa cwaningo - insindiso yangempela. Lezi imvuthu ultrasound eyenziwa nsuku zonke. Kulokhu, ngokungafani-X ray, ke akulimazi empilweni.

Ukuthuthukisa inqubo

Akukho ukulungiselela esikhethekile umcimbi liyadingeka. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi kube imvuthu ajabule. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuxilonga kahle futhi kakhulu ukunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ehhovisi US. Omunye kungaletha ingane amabhodlela kukhanya noma ithoyizi.

Lapho ukwenza i-ultrasound umntwana? Lezizifundo engenziwa kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi esithile, okuyinto ine impahla edingekayo. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ezikhungweni eziningi zokwelapha, lapho ongoti abaqeqeshiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imitholampilo ukunikela ultrasound ukuziphatha ekhaya. Sekuyinto elula kokubili abazali nengane. Umama akazange kufanele aphule isheduli ubuthongo, udla. Usana ezizwa ngendlela ajwayelekile, ezenza.

Ezimweni eziningi, uphethwe Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa fontanelle anterior. Lesi sehlakalo sine eziningi eziwusizo. Phela, kusenza siqonde isimo ubuchopho kuzalwa, futhi uma ngeziphambeko - ngokushesha ukuhlonza isifo.

Ngesikhathi inqubo uphenyo Sakhiwo sangekhatsi ngobuchopho ventricles yayo futhi imithambo yegazi.

kulungiswa imiphumela

Neurosonography wembula tingucuko tekuhleleka ulwelwesi ubuchopho izicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu uphethwe inquma khona izakhiwo intracranial. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, futhi isetshenziswa ubuchopho ultrasound izingane. Norm - kuyinto sokungabi nhlobo izimpawu zokugula.

Phakathi ultrasound ukunquma isimo:

1. Ventricles zobuchopho. Reveal zezinkulumo zabo, Ubukhulu. Ventricles - isikhala ekhethekile igcwalisa i-cerebrospinal fluid.
2. imikhumbi emikhulu futhi plexus.
3. Sakhiwo izicubu ingqondo.

Ingane enempilo enhle kufanele kube ventricles olingene (ukhulise). Futhi nezicubu ubuchopho akufanele bubhekwe yinoma yimuphi imfundo.

Emva inqubo, uhlelo radiologist ubachazela imiphumela. Lezi idatha kuzodluliselwa kudokotela oyisazi sezinzwa ngezindleko. Uma noma yimuphi izinsolo ukungamukeleki, ingane uyoncoma ibhekane cwaningo ezengeziwe. Ngokusho imiphumela ultrasound uphethwe cishe ungalokothi ibekwe.

Yini inhlolovo

Ngeshwa, ukuhlola ngaso sonke isikhathi labetibambile ukhombise ukuthuthukiswa evamile ingane. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonisa ngeziphambeko.

Yiqiniso, abazali bafuna ukwazi ukuthi uma ubuchopho wenziwa ultrasound ebonisa ukuthi lolu cwaningo? Ake sibheke ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphambuka kusuka kuyinsakavukela.

ventricles Okuthuthukisiwe

Lokhu ukuhlukumeza ingenye izimpawu iphimbo. Kuyini lokhu zokugula? Lokhu isifo, lapho abaningi ka cerebrospinal fluid ungaphakathi ngalo ingaphakathi cranial. Pathology kungaba kokubili abeyizuzile futhi azalwa nako.

Uma sikhuluma izimbangela zesifo, avame imithombo yakhe iwukuthi: ukopha intrauterine, izifo eziningi, kanye yokuzalwa bekhubazekile.

Ngokubukeka, lezi zingane athé ukwehluka izingane evamile. Banezinhliziyo ikhanda enkulu, bulging ebunzini ebonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi imvuthu wandisa fontanelles.

Ultrasound lembula ventricular ukukhulisa. Nokho, ngokusekelwe miphumela, uphethwe ukubeka akunakwenzeka. Phela, izingane zingasizwa nhlobonhlobo Ubukhulu ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa ukuthola lesi sifo kuyadingeka ukuze zisebenze iPaediatric Neurology. Ngeke ukuhlola khona izimpawu nobuntu futhi bancome ezengeziwe ingane nemnyaka: MRI, CT.

isikhala Advanced subarachnoid

It itholakala phakathi ulwelwesi ezithambile zobuchopho futhi cobwebs. Lesi sikhala ligcwele cerebrospinal fluid - cerebrospinal fluid. Esimweni esejwayelekile yobukhulu bayo ezingadluli amamilimitha angu ambalwa.

Uma ultrasound ubonisa isikhala elase landile, ingane esolwa meningitis noma arachnoiditis.

Eziningi zalezi zifo zenzeka ngokumelene ingemuva izifo noma ukuhlukumezeka ahlukahlukene.

Simila plexus semithambo

Lokhu zokugula kungatholakala ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane - e utero. Uyini plexus choroid? Kuyinto ingxenye meninges, okuyinto ayiqukethe ezinzwa. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo uveza uketshezi oludingekayo ukuze zikhule kahle ingqondo.

Ngezinye izikhathi lolu ketshezi "ungavimba" phakathi emangqamuzaneni. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka ingaphakathi, ebizwa ngokuthi simila. Ezimweni eziningi, le zokugula wedwa ugxile mayelana 24-28 ngesonto esibelethweni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi simila nophikelelayo izinsana, ngisho nezingane, abadala konyaka owodwa. Lezi imfundo, njengoba umthetho, musa kuthinte ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngakho akudingeki ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile.

Ukopha izicubu ubuchopho, ventricles

Bad ngokwanele uma izitsha ikhanda ultrasound womntwana wabonisa isithombe esilandelayo.

Ukopha phakathi ventricles uvame kubonakala ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngo-1 iviki zokuphila. Yingakho kunconywa ukuba kudlule imvuthu enjalo semithambo ultrasound ikhanda namanje esibhedlela. Ukopha ngaphakathi ventricle, eyaqala ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe ingane ezweni, avame ukuba sina ngempela futhi wenziwa endaweni ebanzi. Endabeni ezinzima lesi sifo ebuchosheni ukubona hematoma. Lokhu ukuqongelela igazi okuye kwenzeka ngenxa isitsha ukudabuka.

Ukopha izicubu ubuchopho ebonwe ukutheleleka intrauterine, ukulimala lapho umuntu ezalwa, iziyaluyalu ukopha, isifo hemolytic, hypoxia. Izifo ezihlala ezingathí sina futhi zidinga kweso lwezokwelapha saziso.

ubuchopho ischemia

Ukuze lesi sifo kubangela i-oksijini nokuswela umbungu. Ngenxa yalokho, wabulala izinzwa (amangqamuzana ezinzwa e). Ngokuvamile kubonakala nisebancane ischemia imvuthu kabani emaphashini akudingeki isikhathi ikhula bekufike isikhathi sokubeletha.

Ultrasound lembula ekubhujisweni amasayithi ingqondo. Ischemia kuyingozi ngokwanele. Kungaholela a "ukuthambisa" ihlule - leukomalacia. Nalesi sifo ingane yakho ukhubazeke zentuthuko.

simila arachnoid

Lezi zokwakheka (ingaphakathi eliqukethe ketshezi) akhiwa ulwelwesi arachnoid. izinhlumba Arachnoid kungaholela kokucindezelwa zobuchopho. Ngokuvamile ngokumelene isizinda zokwakheka ezifana ekuthuthukiseni isithuthwane lingaze. Iningi miphumela kuyagcinwa lapho zokwakheka ububanzi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 3 cm.

Pathology akakwazi chaza bebodwa. Sikwazi ukukhula izinhlumba ngosayizi. Yingakho ingane kufanele nigcine wezinzwa zezingane.