Ukwakhiwa okugeza: isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo. Lokugeza izandla

Abantu abaningi namuhla bacabanga mayelana Eqinisweni indlela kuba ukwakhiwa okugeza. Step by step Umhlahlandlela kuzokusiza nale. It izokwethulwa ngezansi. Okokuqala kuyodingeka anqume ukuthi hlobo luni ozokufunda kuzokusiza yisisekelo ukwakhiwa. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, ugodo noma isitini. Inketho yokugcina, kwezinye izimo, ukuthi kuziveza. Lubonakaliswa ikakhulukazi izimfanelo ukuphepha umlilo, ngaphezu kwalokho, isitini, mhlawumbe, ungumholi empikiswaneni ngokuqina.

Izici okugeza isitini

Ngaphambi kokukhetha isitini njengendlela material for the okugeza, kubalulekile ukuhlola zonke zalo emihle nemibi. Ekuqaleni, ingase isici mikhiqizo kuqashelwe, wezwakalisa njengoba kungenzeka ukwakha eyakhiwe ezihlukahlukene amafomu. Ukusebenzisa kwezitini, ungaqiniseka ukuthi isakhiwo izothatha iminyaka eyikhulu noma nakakhulu. Ngemva kokuphothulwa imisebenzi yokwakhiwa abakwazi ukhathazeke yokuthi ebusweni elingaphandle izindonga kuyodingeka uqede. Nokho, kumelwe ukugqamisa kanye nebubi. Ngakho, ukwakhiwa lokugeza izandla (imiyalelo azonikezwa isihloko) kuyabiza uma sisebenzisa isitini, okuyinto kuyiqiniso uma ziqhathaniswa uvumelanise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitini has a high ukushisa umthamo, okusho isidingo Ncibilikisa okugeza umusi isikhathi umxhwele. Nokho, le nkinga kalula ingaxazululwa ngokuthi indlela ezishisayo umsebenzi ukwahlukanisa.

Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele iqiniso lokuthi isitini unekhono sithole umswakama, abangela ukulimala kwalo okwalandela. Lokhu kungenxa izimfanelo ingasaphathwa umxhwele umhwamuko permeability kuqhathaniswa ukhuni. Kodwa le nkinga zingaxazululeka ngendlela ukufakwa ukupholisa.

Icacisa indawo okugeza

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa okugeza, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo kufanele kahle uphenyo. Ngakho, isinyathelo sokuqala ukucabanga mayelana lapho isakhiwo lizofakwa. Njengoba imfuneko eyinhloko isimo imele, owakhiwa yokuthi indawo kwakungeyona ezimanzi. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwesigubhu eduze ukwakhiwa kumele acale kokuyeka yakhe 30 m noma ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho uzamcolo entwasahlobo ngempela kuhilelani nomswakama eliphezulu emoyeni, futhi kwezinye izimo ugcwalise kungenzeka.

Step by step imiyalelo ukuze kwakhiwe okugeza Russian sihlinzekela ukuhambisana nezidingo zokuphepha umlilo, kudinga ukususwa izakhiwo ezindlini ezingomakhelwane by amamitha nambili noma ngaphezulu, okuyinto kuyiqiniso ngokuba amabhati ukuthi zidalwa ne izinkuni. Nakuba kunjalo Ukushisa e indima okufanele zisebenzisa kagesi noma gas okokubilisa, lokhu ibanga kungancipha ngamamitha amahlanu, ngoba enqubeni kwesithando ngeke intuthu elakhiwe.

Uma kukhona isifiso ukulondoloza imali, kukhona ibhathi kungenziwa exhunywe isakhiwo yokuhlala kusayithi, ngeke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngezinto, nokuziphatha ugesi kanye amanzi ohlelweni kuyoba lula kakhulu.

ukufakwa isisekelo

Uma ufisa ukuzithiba ukukhiqiza ukwakhiwa okugeza, igxathu negxathu Umhlahlandlela kuyoba usizo kakhulu sokuba bajwayelane ke unga lapha. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo isisekelo okugeza, kufanele ucabange mayelana nokwakhiwa isisekelo buzoba buncane okhandlayo. Impendulo yalo mbuzo kuyoba isakhiwo ibhande. Sijulise kufanele kube 1 m noma ngaphezulu, okuyinto ngokukhethekile ngoba ubumba nenhlabathi. Ukuze ukwakhiwa isisekelo ekuqaleni kufanele ukumaka ndawo, bese ungaqala ukususa ungqimba phezulu inhlabathi. Ngo esigabeni esilandelayo ukwakhiwa emgodini bemba ipherimitha ezansi okuzokwenza agcwalisa isihlabathi, tamped ungqimba landscaped kufanele abe ukushuba kwalo ebangeni-20 cm. Umtselela wesikhatsi kuyoba lula uma isihlabathi pre-uthele amanzi. Manje ungakwazi ukubeka itshe luthuli, ogama Kwamanzi tamped angabekwa ngokucophelela. I ukujiya ungqimba kufanele ibe ngaphansi eyodwa kabili odlule. Abanye ochwepheshe luleka ebeka amatshe angena ikhambi, kushintshana isihlabathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele abe ezelekene.

Ukugxilisa bathulula

Kuyadingeka ukuba unake okukhethekile ngamandla isisekelo, uma ukukhiqiza ngokwakho ukwakhiwa okugeza. step-by-step imiyalelo kumele kahle waqonda ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu. Ukuze okuthembekile base zokugeza e izisekelo zayo kumelwe nakanjani ziqukethe nokufakwa. Kodwa ngaphambi laying kubalulekile ukusetha formwork. Lingase libe amabhodi noma ipulangwe, ukuthi kwamukelekile ukuba ukuzinza izakhi setha spacers. Kuphela base bebeka ukuqinisa yezinyoni, kungcono ukukhweza othini, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa lolu isitini. Manje, egcwele isixazululo, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngongqimba, abalindi kuze kube yilapho uqweqwe livela phezu odlule. Ungqimba by ungqimba, ukuze babonwe ukuze bakwazi icwecwe ikhambi. Ngenxa yale njongo, ingasetshenziswa vibration ipuleti noma ucezu rebar, ukhonkolo Ukubhoboza kubo. Ngemva ethela design ezivumelekile isikhathi kuze uDries ingxube. Kungemva kwalokho uqala inqubo ungangenisi amanzi.

Izinto zokuvala umoya imisebenzi

Ukwakhiwa okugeza, igxathu negxathu Umhlahlandlela ukuthi nakanjani kudingeka novice handyman, kusikisela olandelayo esiteji laying ukwahlukanisa. Kungaba zisekelwe ukufulela impahla, wafaka izingqimba eziningana. Uma ufuna ukuvikela isakhiwo emvuleni, udinga ukwakha endaweni abayizimpumputhe, okuyinto ibekwe emhlabeni azungezwe okunamafutha ngobumba oluhlanganiswe amatshe nesihlabathi. Ububanzi ukwakhiwa kufanele kube ngu-1 m.

ukwakhiwa odongeni

Ukuze ukwakhiwa okugeza kungcono ukusebenzisa obomvu noma calcium silicate izitini. Ukuze izindonga okugeza ephelele laying 1,5 noma 2 izitini, ngaleyo ndlela ukwazi ukuthola ukushuba udonga phakathi 38 no-51 cm ngokulandelana. Ngenkathi ngodonga yangaphakathi kungenziwa embondelene in a ½ noma ¼ izitini evumela ukuthola ukushuba 6 ½ noma 12 cm.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa izindonga kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo ukwahlukanisa isetshenziswa. Uma, uma sekuphothulwe imisebenzi ukuze kwenziwe akuyona ngci, izindonga lingakhiwa isimiso indandatho-bamba, bese i kweze singavalwa ukushisa yisivikelo. Ngokukhethekile vimbela ukuhlangana izindonga kusuka ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle uma sekuphothulwe bricklaying kuyinto ezivamile.

Ungeluleli esifundeni cap futhi kusisekelo isakhiwo, okuyinto ahlelwe ngezansi ungqimba kubekwa uphawu, usebenzisa isitini eziyize, kuyilapho ngaphezu line ukubekwa uphawu kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isihloko eziyize.

Ukwakhiwa lokugeza izandla, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo ukuthi ethulwa lapha, kuhilela ukusetshenziswa isixazululo wokwakha izitini. Lungisa ke kumele, usebenzisa isihlabathi (wamaqhuzu 1-2,6 mm), usimende, lime kanye lemali ofanele yamanzi.

Ukufakwa ophahleni

Lapho beqeda ukufakwa ogangeni kufanele ukushayela izikhonkwane, okuyizinto ezidingekayo zokuthola Amabha udonga. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuyoba ukufakwa lwemishayo phansi, zazo ogibele ngqo izitini kwezisekelo lelungiselelwe. Ukuze uvikele imishayo, kubalulekile ukuba bopha kubo asendabeni ukufulela. Kufanele angabuyeli zikagwayi zabo. Grooves ezakhiwe izindonga kanye izingodo, ukwahlukanisa kumele ligcwaliswe.

Ukwakhiwa izindonga lokhuni

Step by step ukwakhiwa lokugeza izandla kungafaka ukusetshenziswa amabhodi ngasesinqeni se izindonga. Kuze mzuzu ebeka isitini, ogama ubuchwepheshe ibilokhu echazwe ngenhla, wonke umsebenzi kwenziwa isimiso esifanayo. Isisekelo kungaba ibhande, kanye ukulungiswa kwamanzi ngaphambi kokufakwa izingodo - kuyoba okufanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kungenzeka ukuqala emakhiyubhi amalogi, okubaluleke kakhulu - zimisele ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo, ukuxhumana ukukhiya izosetshenziswa. Phakathi Amabha ngempela wabeka ukwahlukanisa, imikhawulo lapho kufanele kwesokunxele nhlangothi zombili izindonga. Heat yisivikelo uhlanganyela emaceleni, izosetshenziswa esigabeni sesibili emva ukufudumala okugeza ukuncipha. okugeza Ngokhuni ngezandla zakhe, igxathu negxathu ukuqondisa ukwakhiwa olubonakaliswa esihlokweni kungafaka khona phansi lokhuni olukulesi joists. Lokhu kungenziwa ufunde ngezansi.

ilungiselelo phansi

Ukuze ukwakha phansi lokhuni emhlabathini, okokuqala udinga bonyana batshidze ngokucophelela inhlabathi, ungasebenzisa umshini noma izindlela ngakwesokunene ngesimo izingodo ezinkulu. Ngemva esifanelana ukulungiswa isihlabathi futhi amatshe, zonke wathela usimende "ubisi" futhi laligcwele ukwahlukanisa. Manje ungaqala ebeka lag, okuyinto ke ukukhwezwa ipulangwe. Kungcono ukuthenga inguqulo waterproof ngakho. Ukuze umusi kungaba sebefaka ukhonkolo.

Sebenza on the sebefaka ukhonkolo

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi emhlabeni esiteji nge joists bese ugcwalisa screed nabanye kugcizelela abakhwabanisi. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa ngokunethezeka phezu kwamapulangwe kungenziwa embondelene. Ukubeka phansi okugeza, okuyinto step imfundo kumele ngalifunda compounds Umakhi kuhilela izinkuni ekuvimbeleni elibi. Kufanele ukhethe lezo musa ingozi empilweni yomuntu. Encwadini egumbini lokulinda sebefaka ukhonkolo kungenziwa unikezwe amapayipi kodwa angabangi umsindo, okuyinto lamapulangwe inyoka. Lolu chungechunge luyonikeza Ukushisa ebusika futhi kancane ukunciphisa umswakama high ivela umfana.