Ukumelana Universal nemithi - ekupheleni kwezokwelapha zanamuhla?

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izwe sisondela ngokushesha "Inkathi postantibiotikov". Ngokushesha izifo ezivamile kungenzeka futhi zibe yingozi kubantu. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka uma esikhona manje uyaqhubeka. amagciwane okuyingozi namagciwane ziye zafunda ukumelana izidakamizwa, iminyaka engu-100 edlule kuye kwasusa umgoqo wezokwelapha. Lapho lowo mzuzwana iza, kuyoba akukwazeki izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuhlinzwa. Iziguli uzohanjiswa ingozi enkulu nge sitho Ukufakelwa, akumiselelwa ngokuhlanganyela, ngelashwa nangemithi. Ngaphansi nokusongelwa ngokufa ngeke kwesikhathi ozalwa izingane, ngihlala kwesisindo e iyindawo ekhethekile. Njengoba ubona, "inkathi postantibiotikov" kungase abuqede kwezokwelapha zanamuhla ngesimo lapho okwamanje uhlala.

Kungani izifo stop aphendule elwa namagciwane?

Le nkinga kwamenyezelwa ngo-Ephreli ngonyaka odlule, umqondisi-World Health Organization, Dr. Margaret Chan. Ochwepheshe abaningi emkhakheni wezokwelapha iye bevumelene ngokuthi ama-bacterium asabekayo kungaba inkinga №1 ngoba zempilo zomhlaba wonke. Kungani ezinye izifo isakwazi ukuphendula ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane? Mhlawumbe asinalo isizathu ukwethuka ngaphambi kwesikhathi?

Lokhu kufakazelwa nenqwaba ucwaningo: izidakamizwa ukuthi sisebenzisa ukuze ukwelapha izifo ezithathelwanayo, kancane kancane ukunciphisa ekulenzeni libe namandla. Uma siqhubeka ukusebenzisa izilinganiso owaziwa, ekugcineni, ayikho imithi elwa namagciwane ngeke bakwazi ukumelana amagciwane. Ngeshwa, imithi kanye wagibela ithrekhi okungalungile. Ukuphumelela kwama-antibiotic ngeke encishisiwe kuphela icala uma wawungekho.

Njengoba ukuphila kwethu ukushintsha?

Yilokhu umqondisi weSikhungo ukumelana antibiotic zamabhayisikobho e-Emory University, Dr Devid Vays: "Lesi simo zizoshintsha ezimpilweni zethu zonke, ngomqondo ezivamile. Cabanga yokuthi isintu bayophonswa kude emuva ezinsukwini lapho ngisho nokuklwebheka okuncane angase avuse ukufa. "

Yini engenziwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuba impilo apocalypse?

Siye sabeka isithombe belusizi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, sinokholo abanye izindaba ezinhle. Izwe liye eyaziwa ngale nkinga futhi usuqalile ukuba athathe isinyathelo ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Kukhona izinhlangano eziningi ezimele kanye nekahulumeni kanye nabantu osekelwa ohulumeni eenarheni ezithuthukako bayazikhandla ukuze ugweme isimo siba sibi ngoba sonke isintu.

Ukumelana njalo nemithi angeke kuvinjelwe

Ngeshwa, izinto akuzona ngakho elula. Naphezu kwemizamo etusekayo the best izingqondo yesayensi, ama-bacterium kakade got esinamandla kule mpi. Leli khono ukuthuthukisa e nezilwanyana ezincane inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Futhi ukube bekungasekho antibiotic, besingeke sibe khona ukumelana nabo. Lwalusekelwe kwamagciwane. Singakubona lokhu ngesibonelo igciwane staph. Esikhathini esidlule, it is kalula ziphathwe i-penicillin. Kodwa soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka zamagciwane namuhla, futhi sasizwana MRSA inguqulo, lapho amaphesenti ayishumi kuphela, iqhubekile kusukela owedlule staph ukutheleleka. Manje, i-penicillin kuyinto isikhali ngokuphelele engenamsebenzi ngokumelene zamagciwane soguquko lwegciwane singalawuleka. Njengoba lolu cwaningo olusha, abantu ababili kuzo zonke izinhlanga ezingamakhulu kukhona abathwali amagciwane MRSA, noma methicillin ukumelana Staphylococcus aureus.

yilona ukumelana kanjani?

Njengengubo nje abantu, ama-bacterium babe DNA. Njengasekugumbuqelweni abantu, macromolecules ka-deoxyribonucleic acid ingahluka futhi kuncike ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma iziguli sebenzisa antibiotic ukubulala amagciwane, futhi kwezinye izimo, amagciwane angesabi liguquke, ukushintsha ukwakheka ukuze izidakamizwa abanamandla. Lezi amabhaktheriya une-sokusinda likhuphuke futhi angadluliselwa kusukela izidalwa eyodwa kuya kwenye.

Okokuqala kuyingxenye enzima kakhulu yale nqubo wukuthi nezilwanyana ezincane ukumelana zingabelana ngedatha ingxenye DNA bawo namanye amagciwane. Futhi abantu kanye nezilwane zigcwele izigidigidi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene unicellular. Ngisho noma umuntu kanye kuphela ekuphileni kwakhe uvezwe antibiotic, kanye nesigqi kungenzeka ishintshe ke kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe ngeke nama-bacterium Ushintshe ukuthi ngeke unenkinga ukusabalala.

Ekuphetheni

Futhi abantu abaningi ozama iwukudambisa izilokazane ezincane ebulalayo usebenzisa izidakamizwa, izindlela ezingaphezu nokusetshenziswa, aba maningi amathuba ekhona yokuthuthukisa amasha amagciwane zofuzo. Kule kusobala esiphethweni esisodwa kuphela: sizakwenza kuphela ukusebenzisa ezinengqondo kwamaphilisi ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Kuphela ngale ndlela esingayenza ukuphuca bacterium izikhali ukumelana.