Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi

Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi kuyindlela yokwakha noma yiziphi izinto ezibonakalayo ezidingekayo ukuze kube khona ukusebenza nokujwayelekile komphakathi. Ukukhiqizwa kubizwa ngokuthi umphakathi ngoba kukhona ukwahlukana komsebenzi phakathi kwamalungu omphakathi ahlukene kakhulu. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi noma yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kuhlelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zabantu. Izinga lokuhlanganiswa kwezakhi zokukhiqiza, ezifakazela ukuthi zingabantu abazimele noma emphakathini, kuthathwa njengesizathu sokuthuthukiswa komphakathi nomnotho womphakathi onikeziwe.

Izisekelo zokukhiqizwa komphakathi emnothweni wezombangazwe wezwe zenziwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Noma yimuphi umsebenzi womuntu ohlose ukuguqulwa kwemithombo ethile yemvelo ibe yizinto ezibonakalayo kungabhekwa njengokukhiqizwa komphakathi. Izigaba zayo eziyinhloko yizi:

- ukukhiqizwa;

- ukusatshalaliswa;

- ukushintshaniswa;

- ukusetshenziswa.

Ngesikhathi umsebenzi womkhiqizo okhiqizayo, izinzuzo zezinto ezibonakalayo nezingezona izinto zitholakala. Inqubo yokusabalalisa umkhiqizo oqediwe (izimpahla zabathengi kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza), ukwabiwa kwabo kwenzeka phakathi kwezihloko ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. Ukushintshaniswa yinqubo yokuthengisa nokuthola izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene kwezinye izimpahla noma ezilinganayo zemali. Ukusetshenziswa noma ukusetshenziswa kwezimpahla kungumuntu siqu noma okukhiqizayo.

Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi kubonakala ngezici ezilandelayo, okuyisisekelo sayo sokuqala:

- umsebenzi noma umsebenzi owaziyo, ohloswe ukwanelisa izidingo zomphakathi nezomuntu siqu ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezingokomoya nezinto ezibonakalayo;

- izindlela zokukhiqiza, ezihlanganisa izinto zomsebenzi (izinto zokwakha, izinto zokusetshenziswa) kanye nezindlela zabasebenzi (imishini, amathuluzi, izakhiwo).

Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi kanye nesakhiwo saso kwakuhloswe ngokucwaninga kwabesomnotho abadume kakhulu nabafilosofi. Ngenxa yocwaningo olunjalo, kwaphetha ngokuthi linesakhiwo seselula. Ngokuvamile kunoma yiliphi izwe lezinsiza zomsebenzi, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziwusizo kanye nabathengi zihlakazeka ensimini yayo, ngakho-ke ukugcinwa kwezidingo zomuntu kulabo noma ezinye izihloko ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa komsebenzi lapho ukukhiqizwa komphakathi kuhlakazeka khona phakathi kwamabhizinisi ahlukene ahlukene kuyadingeka.

Ngenxa yesakhiwo seselula salokhu kukhiqizwa, ekusebenzeni kwayo, amazinga amabili ahlukaniswa:

- ukukhiqizwa njengengxenye yesimiso somsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe nezobuchwepheshe, esenziwa ngqo kumaseli okukhiqiza okuyinhloko;

- ukukhiqizwa njengenqubo yezenhlalo nezomnotho kanye nokukhiqiza- kwezwe lonke noma isizwe.

Abantu bokuqala (i-microlevel) bangabasebenzi abaqondile ngokusebenzisana okuthile nokusebenza. Ezingeni lesibili lokusebenza kokukhiqizwa kwezenhlalakahle, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-macro level," ubudlelwane bezomnotho nokukhiqiza-ezobuciko benziwa phakathi kwezinhlangano zebhizinisi.

Ukukhiqizwa komphakathi kunesakhiwo esilandelayo:

- ukukhiqizwa kwempahla - yenziwa ngamagatsha okwakhiwa kakhulu, ukwakhiwa kwemboni, ezolimo, ngokusekelwe ekudalweni kwezimpahla ezivela emithonjeni yemvelo. Kuhlanganisa nezidingo zokusiza abantu embonini: ezohwebo, ezokuthutha, izinsiza, izinsizakalo zabathengi;

- ukukhiqizwa okungewona izinto - kwakha izinhlelo ezinjalo: ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, imfundo, isayensi, ubuciko, isiko, lapho izinsizakalo ezingekho izinto ezibonakalayo zenziwa khona futhi izindinganiso ezihlukahlukene ezingokomoya zenziwa.

Isizathu sokuqala sokuphila kwanoma yimuphi umphakathi ukukhiqizwa komphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokudala imisebenzi yobuciko, ukubandakanya kwisayensi, ezombusazwe noma ezempilo, kufanele ukwanelise izidingo zakhe ezincane kakhulu: ukuba nendawo yokuhlala, izingubo, ukudla. Umthombo wenhlalakahle yomphakathi.