Ukuboniswa kwesithombe sokuqala sokuhambisa

Ukuba namuhla wonke umuntu i-cinema yasungulwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho isithombe sokuqala sokuhambisa siboniswa. Umbono wangempela walokhu kwakhiwa ukudala izithombe ezihambayo.

Ukuthandwa okhethekile kwe-cinema kwafika ngekhulu lama-20, lapho kuhlanganiswa yonke imboni ye-cinema. Manje yingxenye ebalulekile yenkambiso yesimanje, futhi konke kwaqala ngomzamo wokudala isithombe esithintayo kumphakathi wezinto ezibonakalayo bese uyiphrinta esikrinini.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuxazulula le nkinga, kwakudingeka ukutholakala kwemishini, ikakhulukazi, ifilimu enezithombe ezibonakalayo neziguquguqukayo, iphrojekitha kanye nedivayisi eyenza ukuthi kwenzeke ukuhlola okwenziwa ngesikhathi. Emashumini eminyaka, abakhiqizi abaningi abadumile baye balwa ngalolu msebenzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bakwazi ukudala inqubo ekwazi ukuqoshwa, emva kwalokho ukuboniswa kwesithombe sokuqala esikhwameni kwenzeka. Lokhu kwenzeka eParis ngo-22/03/1895, ngenxa yemisebenzi yabazalwane bakaLumière.

Ngombuthano omncane wabangane, babonise itekisi elifushane elibizwa ngokuthi "Ukuphuma kwabasebenzi befayili yaseLumiere". Lesi kwakuyisithombe sokuqala sokuhambisa. Ngaphambilini, ngoFebhuwari kulonyaka, idivayisi yokuqala yayikelwe amalungelo abazalwane bakaLumiere, okwenza kube lula ukuthola isithombe esithinta inhliziyo.

Bakha ikhamera ye-cinema ehlangene futhi baqaphela umqondo wokudala i-movie. Kwakukhona ukubonakaliswa kwesithombe sokuqala sokunyakaza eParis eBoulevard yaseKapuchin, ukungena kuwo kwakhokhelwe. Esingaphansi kweGran Cafe, ifilimu "Ukufika kwesitimela eya esiteshini seLa Suite" yaboniswa. Ukulandela le filimu emfushane kwaqala ukubuka ezinye izidalwa ezincane zabazalwane bakaLumiere. Ukuboniswa kwesithombe sokuqala sokuqhubekela phambili kuqhubekile ngesimo se-comic "I-Watered Waterer", bese kuthiwa namafilimu ambalwa atholwa umphakathi.

Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi ngesikhathi sokubukwa kwababukeli bezithameli, eshaywa ukuhamba kwezitimela, isuka ezihlalweni zazo, ngokwesaba ukuchotshozwa noma ukulimala. Lo mboniso wokuqala wokuhweba ifilimu wabonisa ukuqala kwawo wonke ama-movie wezwe.

Ifilimu yokuqala eyenziwa eRussia yaboniswa ngo-1908. Ngo-Okthoba, kuboniswe isithombe esincane seminithi eyisikhombisa "Ponizovaya Volnitsa". Kwakuyi-tape, esekelwe ingoma ngoStean Razin. Isiboniso sokuqala sefilimu eRussia sasingaphambilana. Kwakukhona ensimini yasehlobo "i-Aquarium" eSt. Petersburg ngo-1896 futhi kwakuyizinketho zamaminithi angu-10 uLumiere. Lo mcimbi awuhlelekile ngokukhethekile. Amafilimu aboniswa ngesikhathi sokuphuma komculo. Izilaleli zajabula. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, umbukiso wokuqala we-movie wabanjwa eMoscow. Ngokuthakazelisayo wabonisa umbono wakhe we-cinema M. Gorky. Wachaza ngamagama alandelayo: "Isithunzi sompilo noma isithunzi sokuthula."

Abenzi befilimu abazimele eminyakeni engaphambi kokuguqula eRussia badutshule inani elikhulu lamafilimu. Ngokuvamile iningi le-cinema eRussia kulezo zinsuku lalihlotshaniswa ngothando lwama-melodramas noma ama-classic e-literary, enye yazo yayiyifilimu enkulu yomlando ethi "The Defense of Sevastopol." Namuhla wayengabizwa ngokuthi ngumlindi.

Isikhathi se-post-revolutionary sabonakala ngokutholwa kwesimiso seKhomishana yamaKhomishana wabantu ekuqaliseni ukwahlukana kwefilimu. I-Cinema yaseRussia kanye nayo yonke imboni yezinkanyezi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ihanjiswe kumakhono kaKhomishana Yezemfundo Yomphakathi. Lo mcimbi wabhalwa ngo-1979 ngesinqumo sokusungula iholidi le-All-Union ngokumhlonipha. Namuhla kuthiwa yiSuku LamaCinema waseRussia, futhi ngokuhlonishwa kombukiso wokuqala we-cinema yomphakathi, kugubha omunye umkhosi, owawuthiwa yi-International Cinema Day.

Inkathi yefilimu ezwakalayo yaqala ngo-1927 ngenkampani yefilimu iWarner Brothers. Umdwebo othi "I-Jazz Singer" waba impumelelo enkulu, okwenza inzuzo enkulu. Umdlalo wokuqala wegeyimu yomsindo ifilimu "Uhambo Lokuya Ekuphileni", okuboniswe ngo-March 1931.

Ngo-1922 kwakhululwa ifilimu yokuqala yombala, kwakunzima kakhulu, futhi izilaleli azizange zizithokozise. Ifilimu elifushane elibala "eligcwele" iLa Cucaracha, kanti ifilimu yokuqala egcwele ubude yavela ngo-1935 futhi yaba isiqalo sombala we-cinema.