Toompea Castle: Umlando kanye Namuhla

Omunye izinto amahle kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo zanamuhla Estonia - Toompea castle. Le nqaba lasendulo Yakhiwa ngekhulu XIII esizeni i izinqaba lokhuni amadala. Oyingqopha-mlando yomlando ifinyelele izinsuku zethu zisesimweni esihle kakhulu. Namuhla le nqaba likhona UNESCO, zako siqhubeke ingasetshenziswa ukuze isetshenziswe ngumphakathi. Ngezikhathi, kukhona izinkambo waqondisa izivakashi, zibabaza izindonga zomuzi endulo isihambi ngamunye.

Ngokusekelwe legend we Toompea

Vyshgorod - isikhungo okungokomlando Tallinn, okuyinto evame ukubizwa ngokuthi Upper Town. Lesi sivumelwano lasendulo yasungulwa endaweni nge landscape ethakazelisa kakhulu. Lokhu ngomqanso nemithambeka, amawa, itholakala endaweni engamamitha angu-48 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Izincwadi zomlando settlement yokuqala endaweni ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso ngaphansi kwegama Koluvan. Kamuva le ndawo ngokuthi Toompea futhi iyona enkulu kunazo zonke e Eastland. Kukhona nganekwane enhle mayelana inqaba wendawo. Ngokwe-Estonia Folk opus "Kalevipoeg", Toompea Castle Yakhiwa esizeni yokuphumula yenkosi wasenganekwaneni Kaleva. Lapho lo mbusi wafa, noNkosikazi wakhe uLinda eside anikhalanga. ' Umkakhe othandekayo yendlovukazi wangcwatshwa ukuphakama futhi eligoqiwe phezu kwendunduma yenhlabathi ithuna amatshe amakhulu, kamuva elaba idolobha inqaba.

Weqiniso Indaba le nqaba

Ngu ekuqaleni Toompea XIII ekhulwini - idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke Eastland. idolobha Upper ngaleso sikhathi esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe izindonga esenziwe ngokhuni kwemibhoshongo emagumbini. Phansi le nqaba baqala ukuhlala abalimi, abalimi kanye netingcweti temsebenti, bakha Arcade yezitolo. Ngenkathi Toompea Castle lalibhekwa njengento a sezohwebo ezinkulu, njengoba kwaba itheku eliseduze. Ngo 1219 inqaba ngokhuni, futhi kamuva wonke Estonia wahlaselwa King Valdemar II (Denmark). ngokushesha uMnqobi ukubaluleka amasu ka Toompea. Ngemiyalo yezikhulu castle inkosi entsha ubelokhu kabusha futhi kuqiniswe.

Izazi-mlando ziyavuma ukuthi Valdemar II wakwazi ukwakha kuphela inqaba okuqinile lokhuni. Kakade 1227, Denmark ilahlekelwe ngamandla ayo phezu Estonia, emazweni enyakatho zishaqwe yi-State Order of the Sword. iminyaka engu-10 kamuva, ngo-oda uPapa koloni yanikwa emuva isimo Denmark. Denmark e 1346 benquma ukuthengisa ezweni zamaJalimane Order, maduze nje zidayiselwe Toompea Castle kanye nezindawo ezizungezile kuya Livonian Order. umnikazi ngamunye wafuna kabusha enqabeni. Kukholakala ukuthi yesimanje ifomu izinqaba labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe ekuqaleni kwekhulu xv. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umbhoshongo adumile "Long Herman" eyakhelwe ncamashi Knights of the Order Livonian.

castle Architecture

Castle Toompea (Tallinn) ngokulandela quadrangle cishe kwesokudla. Izinqaba wavuthwa kwemibhoshongo ezine sise emakhoneni. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kubo - "Long Hermann" ( "Long iqhawe"). Umbhoshongo yakhiwa kuleli ngasekupheleni XIV eyikhulu kamuva ezisonga. Namuhla, ukuphakama kwayo kuba 48 amamitha. Ngesikhathi yokugcina uqimba evulekile "Tall Hermann" isethi flag of Estonia. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, yayakhiwe nezinye kwemibhoshongo: "Sture den Kerl" ( "ibonisa isitha"), "Pilshtike" ( "Sander imicibisholo") futhi "Landskrona" ( "Umqhele umhlaba"). Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqaba wawuvikelwa umsele ezijulile.

Toompea Castle (Tallinn) namuhla

Ekhulwini XVI, ngemva kweMpi Livonian, emazweni Estonia elalihlala abaseSweden. Nakuba Toompea Castle kubhekwa ukwakhiwa "emfashinini" futhi ephelelwe yisikhathi njengoba into ukuzivikela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, le nqaba awutholi ukunakwa ngokwanele. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII, Estonia kuyinto ingxenye yoMbuso Russian. Phakathi nokubusa uCatherine II enqabeni uqale kabusha ukuze ihlanganise uhulumeni. Phakathi nomsebenzi ladilizwa ingxenye yodonga futhi omunye kwemibhoshongo 4. Kuyinto kule wombuso, ungakwazi ukubuka le nqaba namuhla. Ngo-1997, le nqaba ngokusemthethweni wathola isimo ezikhangayo zomlando iye kufakwe UNESCO. Namuhla Toompea Castle (Tallinn Ikheli: Toompea Hill, Upper Idolobha) ikomkhulu olusemthethweni wePhalamende.

Uyithola kanjani i-uhambo?

iphutha Esingenakuthethelelwa - yiya Tallinn futhi akazange abone emehlweni Toompea inqaba. Lona omunye izimpawu eyinhloko Estonia, kanye castle liyalondolozwa kunabanye esifundeni. Izivakashi uthanda ubunyoninco panorama kusukela nqaba futhi izithombe ngokumelene okwenza zemibhoshongo lasendulo. abahambi abaningi bayazibuza uma ungathola ngaphakathi? Naphezu kwenjongo yesimanje le nqaba, izinkambo labetibambile ngempela. Kufanele kurekhodwe kusengaphambili. Toompea Castle (Tallinn) imodi wokusebenza akuyona Museum evamile. I inqaba kungenziwa wavakashela kuphela ahlela amaqembu (kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu, kusukela 9 ekuseni kuya ku-4 ntambama), uma isicelo 5-10 izinsuku ngaphambi oyifunayo ukuvakashelwa usuku. Xhumana inkampani yokulungisela abahambayo ezikhethekile bese ubhalisele uhambo. Uma ufuna ukuvakashela castle ngabantu bangaphandle kuphela, qiniseka usithande evela entshonalanga.