Tetanus: kuhlelwe futhi zokuvimbela eziphuthumayo, toxoid ngqi

Ukuqhuba eziphuthumayo prophylaxis of ngqi kungadingwa ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezihilela ukwephulwa ubuqotho isikhumba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa imithi amaningi. Ukwethulwa kufanele sigcwaliswe umbono ngokuqinile zochwepheshe isimo jikelele isisulu. Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswa? Yini livinjelwe?

ngqi

Lesi sifo sibangelwa lwegciwane virus. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge contact lapho izilokazane ezincane faka egazini ngesikhumba lilimele. Lesi sifo kuyingozi ngoba uhlasela isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. ukunqotshwa kwalo libhekene Ukudlikizela ezinzima generalized futhi zinamandla ingqikithi lwamathambo imisipha ithoni.

ukubonakaliswa Clinical abahlangene yokuthi engena emzimbeni womuntu, igciwane iqala ukukhiqiza ngqi ushevu. Tetanospazmin, kufakwe ngezithako zawo, futhi kuboniswa ukusikwa tonic kwemisipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba aqoqana tetanogemolizin elibangela umonakalo nokufa erythrocyte (hemolysis). Kube uncoordinated ukusabalala ishayela, futhi excitability we-cerebral cortex iyakhula. Esikhathini esizayo, kuthinta isikhungo yokuphefumula, okungase lingakubulala.

anatoxin

I kuhlanzwe futhi adsorbed ku ijeli aluminium hydroxide toxoid Tetanus esetshenziselwa kwetinhlavu amasosha omzimba kuya lwegciwane. Isetshenziselwa zokuvimbela isimiso kanye eziphuthumayo.

Ngemva yokutakula, isiguli asizange sibe abazazi lwegciwane. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kukhona ingozi kabusha ukutheleleka. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa toxoid nomhlathi-ngqi. Ngaphandle siveza ukumiswa aphuzi. Ngezinye isitoreji ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili - uketshezi esobala futhi kwenze. Ikhishwa 0.5 ml, okuyinto lokugoma umthamo owodwa. Le mali iqukethe toxoid ngqi - 10 EU. Futhi iyatholakala njengengxenye sorbent, futhi uyalondoloza. ngoba umjovo ketshezi uku ampoule 1 ml.

Kuphethe zokuvimbela eziphuthumayo

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa isifo iphathwa elandelayo amalungiselelo: toxoid ngqi, ngqi globulin omzimba bese ngqi toxoid. Kukhethwa izidakamizwa incike inhlanganisela kunjalo. Uma imigomo zinikelwe futhi umuntu ezandleni zakhe uqinisekise lesi imibhalo, umjovo zokuvimbela akuyona kwenziwe. Yeqa zokugcina lokugoma eyodwa nje evamile inkomba nokuphathwa ngqi toxoid. Uma imijovo amaningi abangu uphuthelwe, kuthatha inhlanganisela ngqi toxoid futhi immunoglobulin. I serum saphathwa ukuba izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu izinyanga 5, lapho prophylaxis isimiso ingakamiswa olwenziwa. Okunzima kakhulu isimo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isingeniso imithi zokuvimbela engxenyeni yokuqala yokukhulelwa akuvunyelwe, futhi kuphela serum yesibili contraindicated. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuze isimiso gwema izifo.

Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ngqi toxoid. Imiyalelo, nakuba elula, kodwa ingasatshenziswa kuphela izikhungo ezikhethekile.

kuhlelwe yesondlo ukukhalima

Vimbela okuvela izifo ezethusayo ezifana ngqi, kuyasiza isingeniso esifike umgomo kuhlangene, kwenziwe ngendlela kuhlelwe. Tetanus toxoid - ngqi ushevu is neutralized amagciwane. Abakwazi balimaza umzimba, kunalokho, laba kanjani nesandla ekwakhekeni izinto ukubhekana ushevu asebenzayo. toxoid Isicelo itholakala zokuvimbela based.

Okwamanje, i-prophylaxis isimiso wasebenzisa umuthi wokugoma DTP - hhayi kuphela ngokumelene ngqi kodwa pertussis futhi idiphtheria.

Tetanus toxoid: yokusetshenziswa

Umgomo injected intramuscularly nokuhlela, umjovo ongama akuvunyelwe, ngoba wona aholela kumiswa lwezimpawu. Ithanda, umuthi yaphathwa imisipha deltoid sabantu abadala ku anterior-lateral umlenze ebusweni (maphakathi) ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3. Inqubo prophylaxis isimiso kuhlanganisa wokugoma ezintathu. Yethulwe, kulandela esingaba izinyanga 1.5, futhi, kusukela ngo-2 izinyanga zokuphila komntwana. Revaccination - ngemva konyaka wesithathu.

side effects

Imijovo yokugoma bavame ukubanga onomoya engemihle. Lokhu kukhomba kumiswa lesifanele kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni futhi kuzodlula ngokushesha. Nokho, abazali kufanele uqaphele futhi ucele udokotela uma yokusabela kuya wokugoma olunzulu. At the site umjovo kungavuka evamile yokusabela wendawo - ukuvuvukala kancane, ububomvu nesisa. Ingane ukulahlekelwa ukhathazeke ukudla, ukuhlanza, imfiva kanye nesifo sohudo. Uma kudingeka, kungase ethola izidakamizwa antipyretic. Phakathi yezinkinga komzimba nezinto isehlane. Akukhona eziyingozi uma iboniswa kuphela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Nokho, uma ingane ukuthuthukisa angioedema noma amajaqamba, kufanele ngokushesha shayela i-ambulense. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuqhuba prophylaxis isimiso kufanele ziqashwe ngumuntu wezingane kuzo zonke izigaba. Lokhu kugwema eziyingozi. Ochwepheshe kuzoqinisekisa ekuphathweni kahle lolu izidakamizwa njengoba toxoid nomhlathi-ngqi. Ukusetshenziswa Its kufanele kube ngokuqinile ulandele iziyalezo ezikuyo.

Ukuvimbela umcimbi kumele, ebanjwa ngendlela lohleliwe. Lesi sakhiwo ivumela ukuvimbela ngqi, okuyinto ubhekwa izifo eziyingozi kakhulu.