Olga Konstantinovna Chehova, nee Knipper: Biography futhi Filmography ka actress

Ingabe eziningi ukuthi ubani lo Olga Konstantinovna Chehova? TSB (Great Soviet Encyclopedia) iqukethe ulwazi kafushane mayelana nowesifazane. Yini esiyaziyo ngaye? Olga laseChekhov - umfundi omkhulu Stanislavsky futhi movie star. Futhi ngomfazi indodana yomfowabo ka-Anton laseChekhov. Ngesinye isikhathi wayengumhlali ballerina prima ka-Third Reich kanye intandokazi kwe-Adolf Hitler. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubhekwa ejenti Kremlin. She - imfihlakalo real futhi legend kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kuyinto edabukisayo ukuthi isikhathi eside igama lakhe ukuyiveza ... ukuphila Olgi Konstantinovny Chehovoy benza kanjani? Umkhaya, izingane, biography - konke lokhu kuye kwaba isihloko ukubuyekeza kwethu. Ngakho ake ngiqale.

Umndeni Russified amaJalimane

Olga Konstantinovna Chehova (nee Knipper) - 1897 ngonyaka lokuzalwa. Wazalwa ngo Alexandropol e-Armenia. Wabizwa ngokuthi behlonipha umamncane, actress abadumile Olga Knipper. Njengoba gama ngalo mqondo wesibili unkosikazi yomlobi brilliant Anton laseChekhov.

Abazali izinkanyezi esizayo babe Russified amaJalimane. Ngakho, kokhokho babo babehlala Saarbrucken eJalimane.

Owami ubaba wayeyisidakwa, unjiniyela. Kwathi wahlanganyela ekwakheni ongomunye wojantshi of the Empire, Russian.

Lapho Ola kancane eneminyaka emibili ubudala, Knipper umkhaya wathuthela Tsarskoye Selo.

Ngokwe-Umlando we-actress, lokhu lapho yena ngokuvamile wadlala inzalo yasebukhosini.

uthisha Stanislavsky

Ngo Tsarskoye Selo wayemthanda Olga Erich Hollerbach. Ngalezo zinsuku wayengumuntu art umhlaziyi abadumile. Nokho, le ndaba yothando ayikatholi ukuqhubeka. Iqiniso lokuthi e-1910 Knipper umndeni seliphinde ngathuthela kwelinye idolobha. Manje - kulokhu Petersburg.

Esikoleni, Olga wafunda ngempela shu. Yena abathole amaphuzu aphezulu ikakhulu ngezihloko ezihlobene art. Yingakho ngo-1914, abazali banquma ayithumele ekhaya yaseMoscow ukuze sithole ukuthi balukhulume kangcono ngale ndaba. Ngo Pervoprestolnoj wakipita anti wakhe, umfelokazi Antona Chehova.

Ngakho, waqala futhi ukuya emakilasini volnoslushatelnitsey studio waseshashalazini ngesikhathi eMoscow Art Theatre. Uthisha wokuqala kwaba brilliant K. Stanislavsky.

ngomshado wokuqala

Kulesi sikole, Olga wakwazi azivumelanise. Nge ngempumelelo uye wahlanganyela eziningi ezenziwe akukhuthazwa uthisha wakhe, phakathi okwakukhona kulo 'Izelamani ezintathu "nesithi" Cherry Orchard. "

Emva kwesikhathi wabona ithole futhi indima Ophelia e "Hamlet". Futhi umlingiswa oyinhloko eyadlalwa Mikhail laseChekhov, owayeneminyaka indodana yomfowabo ka-umlobi odumile.

Baye basungula romance ngesivunguvungu. Nakuba uzishaya uthando Olga noMichael umzala Ivan. Kodwa umdlali unqume ngokushesha sokuqeda ubuhlobo, futhi ngo-September 1914 Olga noMichael washada ngasese. Bathi igama layo elisha ingaphezu uyaziqhenya. Ngisho nayo yonke leyo minyaka wayengenayo washintsha.

Mikhail laseChekhov waqhubeka ube umqondisi ezivelele futhi uthisha. E-United States, wadala idrama bakhe esikoleni. abafundi kwakhe kwahlanganisa UMarlon Brando, Dzheyms Din, Yul Brynner, Pol Nyuman, Marilyn Monroe nezinye osaziwayo abaningi.

Break ne Mihailom Chehovym

Lapho lo mbhangqwana zashada Olga nesikhombisa kuphela. Mikhail unkosikazi omdala iminyaka eyisithupha. Ngo-1916, lo mbhangqwana ubonakele, izibulo - indodakazi Olga.

Lo mlingisi oye wakwazi ukuqhubeka enza amafilimu buthule. Ngokwesibonelo, yena waba nengxenye ifilimu "Cagliostro".

Kodwa nansi umshado ngokwawo phakathi Mikhail no-Olga, ngeshwa, kwaba ngaphezu ukwehluleka. Abanaso ukuzwana, futhi ekupheleni kuka-1917 wanquma ukulishiya.

Kodwa Olge Konstantinovne Chehovoy, isithombe lapho nethuba bheka isihloko esithi, wakwazi ukusindisa igama elikhulu hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi sibe nobuhlobo obuhle naye lo obeshade. Ababheki emuva esikhathini esidlule futhi wanquma bayakhohlwa Ukuthuka zabo bobabili. Ngamafuphi, ngempela ukuphila kuphela yilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMichael laseChekhov wangihlaba unamathele endodakazini yakhe. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, wathola njengefa elivela kuyise - epulazini eduze nomuzi wase-US-San Francisco.

Uhambo oluya eYurophu

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngemva kwezenzakalo-October 1917, ukuphila Olga ukhululekile yaphenduka esihogweni eziphilayo. Ukuze ondle indodakazi yakhe, waphoqeleka ukuthengisa zenkolo nezimpahla zakhe siqu. Futhi walaliswa belamba.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1921 ethola imvume kubaphathi ukuba uhambo lwamasonto ayisithupha phesheya. Inhloso yalolu hambo - impilo isichibiyelo. Ngakho, wanquma ukuya eJalimane. Wayengumngane 23.

Kwakulapho ukuthi waphinda ukulungisa impilo yakhe siqu. Waba inkosikazi ethile Friedrich Yaroshi. Yiqiniso, umshado wawuzoba esifushane. Ngemva kwesehlukaniso, wanquma azinikele ngokuphelele ukuba art.

Debut e ifilimu umkhakha German

Lapho eseneminyaka 24, yena wangenela in ebhayisikobho eJalimane. Sikhuluma ifilimu buthule "The Castle Fogeled". Kudlalwé senzeka ngo-Ephreli 1921 futhi kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, waqala wenza njalo eziyisithupha - imidwebo ngonyaka ayisishiyagalombili.

Ngo-1922 yena waba nengxenye ukudutshulwa ifilimu "Dance Umjikelezo Ukufa". Le filimu wathola Izibuyekezo ezithophayo kakhulu. Kafushane, Olga neyaziwayo ababukeli German futhi abenzi mafilimu, ke ungathanda ukubona esikrinini kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, u-Olga Konstantinovna Chehova, amafilimu okuyinto bathole iqhaza yabo izilaleli esibonga, kwaba emuva isethi, kodwa manje usebenze njengomahluleli umqondisi. Maye, ifilimu yakhe "Pagoda" ayizange yazuza baba nempumelelo enkulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Olga lithole yisakhamuzi isiJalimane, yebo, abasabhekwa kokuphindela eSoviet Union.

inhlanhla axoshwe. Ngakho, yena usayine inkontileka nomunye amatiyetha Berlin sika. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ka-1924, wathuthela ukuze umama, udadewethu nendodakazi.

Ngo-1927, u-Olga uvele ifilimu "Burning umngcele." Phela, leteyipu kakhulu ngekusasa lophiko sokudumisa u-Adolf Hitler. Ngemva kwalokho, kuyoba njalo mayimdumise zale ndima.

Noma kunjalo, inkazimulo actress kweqiniso kuye Umdwebo "Moulin Rouge", wathwebula by umqondisi British.

Khona-ke u-Olga ephethwe ukusebenza futhi on tape alalelwayo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "ezintathu kusukela esiteshini igesi." Lesi sithombe isibe zakudala cinema emhlabeni.

Ngemva kwalokhu ifilimu Olga Konstantinovna Chehova ngaya e-Amerikha. "UMariya" Hitchcock yena bammemela inkanyezi e ifilimu yakhe. Ukuze sihlale e-United States futhi wenze umsebenzi wokukhiqiza Hollywood actress - kwaba ngempela sipho ezilingayo. Kodwa wanquma ukuba namanje ubuyele emuva eJalimane. AmaJalimane kufanele bakwazi ukuhlola lesi senzo.

Ukujwayeleka ne sokudumisa

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-30 sika Olga Chekhova-Knipper, izithombe okuyinto ezibekwe sasili- kakade inkanyezi real cinema-German. Futhi ngo-1933 bafika amandla futhi amaNazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, baphuma kulelo zwe ngokushesha washiya abaqondisi eziningi, ababhali, abalingisi. Kodwa Olga wahlala. It sitfulwe kuya sokudumisa, Goebbels futhi UHimmler. Hitler ngokuthi actress eyithandayo yithela izincomo. Yena ukubukelwa yakhe ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga. Ngokwe-Umlando laseChekhov, Hitler wayeyindoda nginamahloni futhi ngingakaze esiyinkinga. Nokho, njalo babeziphatha nabesifazane nge amiability Austria. Nokho, akazange akubone kuwo okuthile "yamademoni 'futhi othakazelisayo.

Ngemva kwalokho GCINA ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuba khona edilini lomshado esemthethweni ngesikhathi National Socialist. Wahlangana nge uMussolini. Yena kwakufanele sibe nobuhlobo obuhle naye lo mbhangqwana, Goering. Waphinde wahlangana no-Eva Braun, okwakuthiwa inkosikazi sokudumisa. By the way, abesifazane banengi okwedlula abangane futhi waqala ukuxhumana njalo.

actress kaZwelonke

Ngawo-1936 th laseChekhov kwadingeka eningi okunikezwayo kusuka amatiyetha ezahlukene. Wayengumngane ngempela nempumelelo. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokhu sokudumisa unqume ukuba ngabele Olga isihloko "isimo actress III kwamaNazi."

Ngawo lowo nyaka yena phathelana eyingoduso isicebi Marcel Robins ezivela eBelgium. Nokho, lo mshado esiye fiasco. Lo mbhangqwana waphula ngo-1938.

Ngo-1937, qembu eMoscow Art Theatre uhlaziyo izinkambo eFrance. Umfelokazi Anton laseChekhov ezimpini lolu hambo. nezikhulu zaseSoviet wamupha ithuba ukubiza enhloko-dolobha German ukubona umshana wakhe ozithandayo. Izihlobo akhenge akhulume engamashumi amabili. Ngenxa yalokho, u-Olga laseChekhov okuhleliwe anti wakhe reception ekhaliphile. Kodwa Olga Leonardovna ubekade beshaqekile. Umshana wanquma alithumele abaholi amaNazi. Goering exhawulana ngemfudumalo futhi anti amamatheke. I sokudumisa wayengekho kulo ekuchithweni. Kodwa wayiqamba ngokuthi naye futhi waxolisa kakhulu ukuthi ngeke ngiphumelele ngoba izindaba ophuthumayo isimo ...

Esikhathini kwentwasahlobo ka-1940, ngesikhathi Battle of Britain, actress bafike endaweni Luftwaffe base laseNormandy. Abashayeli banquma ukuqhuba a idunyiswe behlonipha actress othandekayo. Esikhathini esingangenyanga enhloko-dolobha French kwaphuma udaba olandelayo enye yezincwadi yodumo, lapho isithombe esisekhasini lokuqala gqizisa GCINA sizungezwe amasosha aseJalimane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasosha wamcela njengesivakashi ku amakhanda laseLille kanye Brussels. Wabuye eqoshiwe zezingoma eyayilimele esibhedlela ka Tubingen.

Ekupheleni kwawo-1940, laseChekhov kwadingeka iphakethe ezinye kusukela sokudumisa. Kube isithombe Hitler nge oqoshiwe. Umholi-German waphinda bayahlonishwa ithalente lakhe.

phambi empumalanga

Lapho eJalimane lobuNazi zanquma ukuhlasela USSR, Goebbels wabuza amaCzech namaRomany, yiziphi amathemba e amabutho zamaNazi ukuba zisho ukuthi uthwebule eMoscow. Lo mlingisi akazange anqikaze, wathi, cishe, ngeke aphumelele. Nokho, wanezela ukuthi mhlawumbe wayeshaye eceleni.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ibutho lamaNazi matasa futhi eCrimea. A Yalta kwaba r. N. "Belaya Dacha", lapho ngesinye isikhathi wayehlala umbhali Anton laseChekhov. Bathi lokhu endlini sasingawohloki futhi alilimalanga ngoba actress ngokukhethekile wabuza wabaholi zamaNazi ukuba zisho ukuthi ugcine lesi sakhiwo.

Impi yaqhubeka. Olga Konstantinovna Chehova, biography okuyinto Kwakungelula kakhulu, anquma ukuba sisuke kuleli ukusebenza kwi-Eastern Front. Kwathi ngo emsakazweni, wa hhayi lwenziwa izingoma ezibonisa ukushisekela izwe, kodwa kuphela isosha esihlatshelelwayo. Wabuye aqhubeka bezobuka. Kwaba e Prague, Munich, eVienna.

Ngokusho kwemithombo ezingaqinisekisiwe, iSoviet esiphikisayo intelligence uyahamba ukuheha actress e kokubulawa we sokudumisa. Ngenxa yezizathu okungacacile, umholi lamaKhomanisi Iosif Stalin mathupha quashed plan.

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi u-Olga K. Olga Knipper ngokuvamile wasebenza osomaqhinga Soviet. Ngakho, Sergo Beria emakhasini encwadi yakhe ubhala ukuthi laseChekhov yayinenkululeko Soviet. Kodwa ubufakazi obubhalwe ingakamiswa ethulwa.

Mhlawumbe kwakunjalo nje wonke. Kunoma ikuphi, kukhona ulwazi ukuthi ekuqaleni kuka-1945, UHimmler wayeya batibute ngalokujulile laseChekhov. Lapho nabantu bakhe befika actress, babona ukuthi ngayithanda ukuphuza itiye sokudumisa yena. Ngakho, ukuboshwa akazange athathe indawo.

Futhi ngasekupheleni April, kwaba impi ngoba inhlokodolobha German ...

primo ukuboshwa

Lapho impi iphela ngo-esibi, ngoba laseChekhov wafika amasosha aseSoviet. Bathola ukuthi ungubani, futhi waboshwa. Ekuqaleni ephenywa Berlin bese indiza yamasosha ithunyelwa dolobha yeSoviet Union. Kube wayehlala endaweni endlini enamakamelo amabili. Ubethula banqatshelwe kokubona izihlobo zabo. Ngelilodwa nje, kwaba esalokhu eyisiboshwa.

Wangivakashela izikhulu Soviet. Baletha incwadi kuye, kudlalwa naye chess. Nangendlela amehlwabo avuleke ngakhona umculo, mayelana amabhayisikobho, imidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye nezincwadi. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ngenyanga nantathu futhi siphenywe njalo. Lo mlingisi akufihli lutho. Ngemva kwalokho, ekupheleni kuka-Julayi 1945, laseChekhov wabuyiswa ukuze Berlin. nesandla sakhe embusweni wamaNazi, wadutshulwa futhi waboshwa. Kungani - lo mbuzo namanje uhlala engaphenduliwe ...

ngemva kwempi

Lapho Olga K. Olga Knipper wabuyela Berlin, it has nhlobo esebenzisa le mihlangano. Manje isimo sakhe sezimali cishe akekho. Kulezi zimo ezinzima iye yasiza udumo lwakhe njengomdlali waseshashalazini. Uthe abaningi wabe esebuza izithombe zakhe phezu inkumbulo. Ngenxa yalesi ethola ukudla nogwayi.

Futhi ngo-November 1945, iphephandaba Berlin ngokuthi "Kurier", esanyatheliswa iziphathimandla French lempi, libike ukuthi laseChekhov waklonyeliswa umklomelo eliphakeme - Order of Russian. Futhi waklonyeliswa Stalin yena. Lo mlayezo ziphindaphindwe e izincwadi eziningana owaziwa.

Ngemva kweminyaka emine, laseChekhov watimisela kuya eNtshonalanga Jalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akusikho ukuguqulelwa ukuphikiswa kulesi sicelo. Kwaba kukhona ukuthi wakwazi ukusungula studio yakhe siqu. Ngeshwa, le phrojekthi awuzange sezisebenza ngoba inkampani waya ukuphelelwa yimali.

Khona-ke laseChekhov wanquma ukubuyela esigabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waphinde waqala ukwenza kumafilimu. Iphinde waphinda lakhetha ukulula isikhathi uhla imisebenzi yayo.

Yayidayisa kwakudala wakhe ubucwebe ukuvula inkampani entsha. Yena wadala a salon ubuhle ngokuthi "Izimonyo Olga laseChekhov Gesellschaft". Phela, kulokhu, iye yasiza beautician idiploma. Ngo-1937 waba uchwepheshe lochwepheshe. Diploma wathola Paris. By the way, inkampani GCINA isibe omunye edume kunazo zonke eYurophu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakukhona amagatsha inkampani yakhe ... Ngakho, omunye nokucwala Milan.

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-50s actress waqala esibayeni. Incwadi yakhe ka Umlando ngokuthi "Angazi ukusibekela!". Umkhiqizo lavuselelwa okukhulu.

ekushoneni kwelanga

Ngenxa ngenzuzo laseChekhov yenkampani, eqinisweni, wakwazi ukuthola i-age ehloniphekile ubudala

Ngo-1962, yena waklonyeliswa umklomelo "Iminyaka eminingi neqhaza elikhulu cinema-German."

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, wafuna ukuza eSoviet Union, ukukhuluma, ekugcineni, kanye izihlobo zabo. Kodwa izikhulu inqatshelwe wakhe.

Ngawo lowo nyaka yena ahlukana ngalo umsebenzi wakhe ezigcawugcawu. Wayengumngane ayisithupha nesikhombisa. Futhi kusukela imuvi walishiya eyishumi edlule. By the way, movie wakhe penultimate ngokuthi "ithalente ukuze sijabule. ' Phela, actress abadlale ngokwabo kakhulu.

Ngo-1972, iziphathimandla German sebeklomelise wakhe Isiphambano "Ukuze Merit".

Futhi nje size siguge wayemthanda ukugibela beshayela. Nakuba umshayeli yakho ayenakho. imoto yakhe ayeyithanda kwakungu-BMW.

Ukufa actress

Washona ngo-1980. Odokotela unomdlavuza wobuchopho. Washona ngineminyaka engu-eminyakeni 83. actress Omkhulu wembelwa emathuneni Munich.

Ngo-1997, e-Berlin sika Spandau wesifunda behlonipha laseChekhov babeze bazethe igama elithi eyayisele kulowo mgwaqo.

Olga Konstantinovna Chehova (iminyaka yokuphila: 1897 - 1980) futhi basinda yokushonelwa indodakazi yakhe. Yena iphahlazeka kuphahlazeka indiza e neminyaka emashumi mahlanu.

Umzukulu GCINA naye waba umdlali waseshashalazini.

Futhi odlule. Omunye imidwebo Olgi Chehovoy ngokuthi "Le ndoda eyayifuna ukuphila kabili." Ngokusobala, yena ngakho ngakwazi ukusinda zindawo, izimpilo ezimbili. Omunye wayehlala eJalimane, kanye nezinye - ngesiRashiya ...