Mario Bava - umqondisi Italy ifilimu, screenwriter, Umthwebuli. Biography, Filmography

Italian umqondisi ifilimu, Umthwebuli futhi screenwriter Mario Bava - wavuma master eshaqisayo, engenakuqhathaniswa ukudalwa ibhayisikobho ethusayo, umlobi the best fantasy uhlobo 60-70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Ungomunye abasunguli "Jala" - superuzhasnyh uhlobo izigcawu, okuyinto abangela yokufikelwa eziningi ehholo.

Ukwazana kuqala nge ebhayisikobho

Mario Bava, ogama biography awuyona into ekhethekile akazange ihluke, ozalwa emzini Italy San Remo, Julayi 31, 1914, indodana umqophi Eugenio Bava, owenze ifilimu, ukuhlinzeka okumile ukukhiqizwa ifilimu nezindawo ezihamba kancane. Okwaba nzima nakakhulu kwaba ukwakha isizinda ngokudubula amafilimu zomlando. Ngesikhathi ngiba ibhungu, esiza uyise Mario Bava. Khona-ke waqala ukuba sigxilise amehlo ku-opharetha, okwakungathi kuye engacabangeki engaqondakali.

I okukhethekile lokuqala

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Mario Bava kahle ubungcweti opharetha futhi ngahileleka lesi sigameko sokudubula Samalungelo umsizi. Le filimu lokuqala, asithatha wedwa ngo-1933, wabizwa ngokuthi "uMussolini" bexoxa kokubusa umashiqela. Wayesebenza njengendlela opharetha abasha ngobuhlakani ezizungezile zenani ithalente abasha. filmmaker ngamunye sobudala Italy Ngithanda ukusebenza Bavoy. Mario wathwebula masinya, ngokuvamile ethatha elilodwa noma amabili ithatha.

Ubude Mario Bava wathatha amafilimu amane nanhlanu njengoba Umthwebuli, ukuthola isihloko wenkosi ezenziwe. Wabe balithanda oqondisa, waqala ukuzama isandla sakhe okuzobe kudlalelwa ibhizinisi futhi ngempumelelo.

Mario njengomqondisi

Operator Imisebenzi Bawe bavunyelwe kahle ukuhlola inqubo ukukhiqizwa ifilimu, futhi esiphethweni sakhe seziqalile ukusetshenziswa wakhe. isampula sakhe sokuqala kwaba ifilimu "Ngingumfana vampire, 'ogama ukukhiqiza wama kwengxabano nomqondisi Riccardo Freda umkhiqizi. Umqondisi ushiye isethi, noMario Bava, ngubani ababesebenza esakhiweni njengenhlangano opharetha, bathatha ngodlí i ngemisebenzi yakhe futhi aqede ifilimu. Imiphumela yemisebenzi lakhe ibingamashumi lihle.

Khona-ke Mario Bava wayengaselona abasha, eseneminyaka engamashumi amane nantathu, futhi nakho abanye. Ngokulandelayo, Mario aqala 'silungise "ompofu shot amafilimu kanye kuphumelele kulokhu. Amandla ukuqondisa ke kwakusobala, futhi ulwazi nokuhlangenwe nakho umsebenzi ikhamera bavunyelwe ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle.

okuhleliwe umsebenzi

Kamuva Bava waqala ukuhlehlisa amafilimu ngokuzimela kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, njengoba umqondisi abanolwazi. umsebenzi waso kwakuyindishi nombhali movie "imaski idemoni", kusekelwe idrama ethi "Vij" Nikolaya Vasilevicha Gogolya. Ngakho umsebenzi weza Mario uhlobo "horror". Laba bobabili izithombe ezilandelayo - "Igazi Black Cock" futhi "Intombazane wayazi izinto eziningi", setha ngo-1963 - kwaphawula ukuqala uhide eshaqisayo amafilimu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umqondisi baqale ngokudubula ifilimu "The Whip kanye umzimba." Uzungu kugxile castle kwekhulu le-19 futhi abakhileyo kulo. Le filimu ugcwele imininingwane ezesabekayo: ukuzibulala zenzeka, isikrini imimese olunegazi, eduze, ezihilela zonke izimfanelo eshaqisayo.

voltage horror

Khona-ke umqondisi Kuphendula "Igazi Black Cock", "ezintathu ethi Faces of Fear" futhi "Terror kusukela isikhala esijulile." Zonke umsebenzi - Classic horror movie, kodwa umqondisi presents ukuba umbukeli ngaphansi Amazing, ukucindezeleka kakhulu kunabantu. Thanda imidwebo igcwele kagesi kuleli amakhulu ezinkulungwane volts, futhi kanjani ukubhekana naso - akekho owaziyo. Ekugcineni, inkampani ifilimu ngawo inkontileka kwaba Mario Bava enquma ukuba nihlukane ne umqondisi, ngoba censors babesambathekile futhi ngingazi ukuthi ngingaqhubeka kanjani silingane amafilimu uhlobo of "Jala" ngaphansi zokuziphatha American.

Eqondiswa uyathamba bese kuphuma horror-comedy nge Vincent Inani. Izethameli kancani athoma smile. Bese kulandela igazi-curdling ifilimu "Operation" Ningesabi ", le Jala elicwengekileyo. Abanye directorial quirks Bava waqala ukugqagqana ngemisebenzi amakhosi onjalo afana ngazo Fellini, Scorsese, Argento.

Naphezu accolades owaziwa abaqondisi, kanye nezihlakaniphi kusukela phakathi moviegoers, Mario yena ngesizotha ngokuthi umbazi kunokuba umqondisi. Ukuzethemba kwakhe nokugxeka kwaba hypertrophied, kanye nezinga isizotha sisikisela egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Noma kunjalo, umqondisi wathwebula a ezinyantisayo ngempela, lifiphele movie Creepy. Kodwa okurarako kwaba iqiniso lokuthi izinga bokubeka amafilimu ngesikhathi esifanayo akusho ahlupheke.

Inkohliso Namaqiniso

umqondisi Umhlaba - lesi sikhala angahleliwe elilahlekelwe ukuvumelana kwalo isihlobo. Reality futhi inkohliso, izinto ezimbili akuhambisani, Bava, ukuxhumanisa nge fantastic kalula ngaphandle kokubukeka. Kodwa ngenkathi ukuthi usengaba ukuba silinganisele futhi esengozini esasihlukanisa yangempela futhi imihlaba kwemvelo.

Nqumani lonke izwe odongeni esingangeneki self-indida Bava ngempumelelo isebenzisa amathuba namabhayisikobho ekudluliseni nokusatshalaliswa zemfihlakalo, zonke normal nokungalungile.

isikhathi izimbali

Ukuphela sixties kwekhulu elidlule kwaba yinkathi ezikhiqiza kakhulu ngoba umqondisi. Ngo-1969 Mario ukudubula "uphawu Red madness", lumo ebhuqayo yama-kuyindida ka "Psycho" Hitchcock, ephoqa umbukeli ukuthatha umbono we Maniac.

Umdwebo "onodoli Five ngaphansi Agasti Moon" yathathwa ngawo lowo nyaka. Kuyinto comedy abamnyama ngendlela umphenyi, "Eziyishumi amaNdiya Ezincane" ngemisebenzi Agatha Christie.

"Bay Bloody" - ". Halloween" ibhayisikobho ethusayo, okuyinto kamuva ayokhonza njengamakhosi isisekelo sokuthethelelwa American ifilimu "NgoLwesihlanu ngomhla ka 13" futhi

Zonke amafilimu ezaboniswa ngempumelelo e-US naseYurophu. Mario Bava isibe into ukulingiswa, kwabonakala abalandeli, ezifana Dario Argento futhi Margeriti Antonio.

Ukuwa kwe-uhlobo

Nokho, ngeminyaka yoma, ukuthandwa Mario amafilimu kunqatshelwe. Khona-ke wangena imfashini inhlekelele movie amasosha namaphoyisa, esekelwe nezenzakalo zangempela. I-European ifilimu umkhakha waqala ukubonisa porn ezithambile efana "Emmanuelle." Saya sokuqasha izigcawu ngesihluku kuka-okuyinto udinga ukuthi ucabange yini. Mario ukuzindla ngandlela-thile esebohlile ubala futhi abanasithakazelo.

Nokho, umkhiqizi Alfred Leone Baba wanikeza isabelomali amancane ukubuswa. Waba yini umphumela walesi uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwaba isithombe "Lisa le nhlangano kanye noDeveli", wathwebula 1973. Le filimu owaziwa eziningi phezulu wonke umqondisi creative. A eziyinkimbinkimbi ngesakhiwo isakhiwo movie, ukuxhumana okungalindelekile isizinda Maniac-necrophiliac Ardissona Viktora futhi kwefilosofi, okuningi okufana kukhathazeka, wanikeza yi ezingalindelekile amandla.

Mario egujwa ifilimu izisusa Hoffman eliyingozi nge doppelgangers yabo inkhulumomphendvulwano esabekayo. "Lisa le nhlangano kanye noDeveli" uJesu akabanga nje zakudala horror ifilimu, kodwa futhi equkethwe ingxenye romanticism.

"Dyavolik"

Kuze 1968 Mario cishe akukho esingu. Khona-ke yena waqhubeka Dino De Laurentiis sipho ukusebenza ku lithathelwe yamahlaya ethandwa. Kuqondiswe lolungenamaphutsa abhekana ngayo umsebenzi, lapho bachithe ingqikithi ayizinkulungwane 400 kusukela isabelomali ezigidini ezintathu. Le filimu wabizwa ngokuthi "Dyavolik".

Mario emva kwakhe wenza ezimbili Jala nokukodwa horror "Bay Bloody", okuyinto kwaba eziningi irekhodi nokufa: zingabantu esithombeni wayelingana ncamashí nantathu.

Ngo-1972, Baba waqhubekela ukudalwa olandelayo horror ifilimu "Indlu uDeveli," esekelwe imisebenzi "I Possessed" by Dostoevsky. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba aye esibukweni yembula ukuthi ifilimu Mario kakhulu afana "Ukusebenzela uZimu" Friedkin uWilliam. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlela anolaka umkhiqizi Leone Alfredom, owazama ngomzuzu wokugcina ukunciphisa ukufana, "kaDeveli House" waba cishe ubhujiswe.

Mario waqala izinkinga zezimali, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, yasishiya saphinde Dino De Laurentiis mayelana ngokudubula big-isabelomali Remake of "King Kong." ukwenqaba kwakhe Bava wachaza ukuthi uma ngokudubula ebizayo. ifilimu project endaweni kuminyanise abantu abaningi kakhulu, futhi akayithandi.

ukucindezeleka

ukukhiqizwa esithombeni esilandelayo, wakhulelwa ngumqondisi ngokuthi "Wild Dogs", lapho wazindla iminyaka emihlanu, imisiwe. Isizathu kwaba umxhasi ucabanga lenkampani. Ephoqelekile Ukuyekwa kwezindlela ukuthwetshulwa movie "Wild Dogs" kwaba ukushaqeka sangempela Mario, wayengasaboni uzowuqeda umsebenzi. Eqondiswa wacindezeleka ngokujulile, ivaliwe wonke amaphrojekthi ifilimu waqala futhi umhlalaphansi ukuba baphumule.

Kuphela ngo-1977, indodana womculo Lamberto wathonyelwa uyise ukuba bathathe ekwakhiweni ibhayisikobho ethusayo ngokuthi "Shock". Mario ngokungathandi wahamba wayosebenza, babengakholelwa impumelelo. Nokho, izinga inhlolovo, ujenga ngokuphelele kuze iziqephu, ifilimu enikeziwe ukuqashelwa omphakathi jikelele. Igama Umdwebo mazwi ashintshwa athi "Okuthile ngemva komnyango."

ukuvuselelwa lokusungula

Jabulile ngempumelelo, Bava uthole i sipho ngonyaka ozayo ifilimu a Novella edumile by Prosper Merimee sika "La Venus d'Ille". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Mario ngenxa isimo esibi zempilo waphoqeleka ukuba acele usizo ukudutshulwa indodana yakhe, ifilimu zaphumela umbukwane ngokufanele baba kubhekwe wokugcina umsebenzi "esikhethekile" umqondisi omkhulu.

Ngeshwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise lobuchwepheshe, ifilimu "La Venus d'Ille" yabukiswa kuphela ngo-1980, ngemva kokufa Mario. Isithombe isibe Ngokwesibonelo yakamuva grand umqondisi cinema ubuhle.

"La Venus d'Ille" - elikhulu lethusi esifanekisweni yazalwa ngowesifazana, amnyama ngumuntu eside ukuhlala ngaphansi komhlaba. Lapho yena bemba, Venus kwaba imbangela nhlekelele embi kangaka. Enye insizwa eyayizobusa ukushada, Entela ukubeka indandatho yakhe umshado ku ngomunwe esifanekisweni. Bese kuthi ebusuku wayelinde thusa retribution ngenxa yobudedengu babo. "La Venus d'Ille" azi- umakoti, wafika embhedeni-chamber, futhi, indiva ukukhala lokhu umakoti, nomkhwenyana ethumba, ukukugaya, wasihlephula onke amathambo akhe. Umkhwenyana wafa nangemihelo esabekayo phakathi izinsalela embhedeni lomshado.

Filmography

Phakathi nenkonzo yakhe yokuba, Bava wathatha imidwebo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu njengoba umqondisi futhi mayelana efanayo opharetha. Ngezansi uhlu esifushanisiwe imisebenzi njengoba umqondisi Mario. Ngamunye amafilimu wadala uhlobo of "horror".

• "Inhlanzi Isobho" (1946).
• "O Holy Night" (1947).
• "Symphony Legendary" (1947).
• "Flavian Amphitheatre" (1947).
• "Ukuhluka Symphonic" (1949).
• "Amaphoyisa kanye Abaphangi" (1951).
• "I Ukuzula ka Odysseus" (1954).
• "Beautiful, kodwa kuyingozi" (1956).
• "Vampire" (1957).
• "Umshikashika Hercules" (1958).
• "Kaltiki silo ukungafi" (1959).
• 'ZeSonto Elimnyama' (1960).
• "Le ntombazane, owayemazi ngokuseduze eziningi" (1963).
• "Ubuso Abathathu Ukwesaba" (1963).
• "I Whip kanye umzimba" (1963).
• "Igazi Black Cock" (1964).
• "Planet we-Vampire" (1965).
• "Operation" Ningesabi "(1966).
• "Dyavolik" (1968).
• "Bay Bloody" (1971).

Mario Bava, Filmography lisabalele ngokwanele, banikezwe ngokucacile umsebenzi wakhe (horror kanye Jala - a izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi) yakhiwa okuningi njengoba umqondisi kanye Umthwebuli. Uyolokhu ahlale emqulwini udumo cinema American.

Umqondisi Omkhulu, inkosi consummate yokudala horror amafilimu, washona ngo-April 25, 1980. Mario Bava kwaba indlalifa, Lamberto Bava, ezazama ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi kayise ukudala okufanayo eliphezulu hororry, kodwa bukhicite kuze kube manje nje inkulumo yokulingisa.