Les Invalides Paris (Les Invalides): umlando, incazelo, indawo kanye nezithombe

Omunye ezikhangayo edume kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha French kuyinto Les Invalides. Sinikeza siqonde umlando umsuka waso nokwanda amaqiniso ahlobene ezithakazelisayo.

Les Invalides Paris: isithombe, incazelo

Lesi sakhiwo kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi izakhiwo ise 7th edolobheni wesifunda. Ngo-French kubizwa Les Invalides. Kukhona izikhumbuzo kanye iminyuziyamu eziphathelene umlando lempi yezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukuqhuba ekhaya lasebekhulile futhi esibhedlela, eyenzelwe Veterans. Ngakho, isakhiwo isetshenziswa hhayi kuphela njengoba amasayithi kanye izikhumbuzo, kodwa futhi ngenhloso eyakhelwe lona. Njengoba for emlandweni lapho ukunyatheliswa kwalo iwuMnyuziyamu Wezempi Museum, Umlando Wanamuhla, Plans futhi imifanekiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-eziyinkimbinkimbi kukhona amathuna eziningi French amaqhawe empi, edume kakhulu okuyinto Napoleon.

indaba

Les Invalides Paris waqala ukuba sibonga esakhiwe esinqumweni ngesikhathi seNkosi uLouis XIV, eyabhalwa ngonyaka 1670. Lesi sakhiwo lalizoba indawo yokufihla ikhanda kanye esibhedlela amasosha ubudala ogulayo sakhula. Umklami lesi sakhiwo baba Liberals Bruant. Njengoba iningi lezakhiwo kwaphothulwa 1676. Olungaphambili lwesonto Invalides waba ubude cishe 200 metres, eyinkimbinkimbi lalinabashumayeli emagcekeni nanhlanu, enkulu kunazo zonke zazo yayihloselwe ngenxa yamathanga. Le phrojekthi kwakuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa zesonto, ukwakhiwa eyaqedwa ngemva kokufa umakhi sika Briand Square 1979. Kwathiwa akenze igama Saint-Louis des Invalides. Ngokushesha ngemva ukwakhiwa yayo wezakhiwo Monsar waqala ukwakhiwa isonto elisha, yenzelwe kuphela inkosi. Ukuze isampula yayo sathathwa Basilica iSt Peter sika eRoma. Ukwakhiwa obunobunye futhi waphenduka aluhlaza futhi baba olunye lwezimpawu bokwakha French Baroque. Ngenxa omangalisayo umbono isonto ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi Cathedral of Invalides.

endaweni yokungcwaba

Yiqiniso, omunye ezikhangayo edume kunayo eziyinkimbinkimbi ethuneni Napoleon ku Invalides. Ekuqaleni, lo mbusi wangcwatshwa esiqhingini Saint Helena, nalapho afike ashonela khona. Nokho, ngo-1840 iNkosi Lui Filippom kwakuhlelwa ukunyakaza komzimba wakhe esontweni St Jerome. Invalides Paris futhi endaweni yokungcwaba amalungu amaningana omkhaya sikaNapoleon, owayekhonze asesandleni sakhe kwezikhulu zempi kanye namanye amaqhawe French lempi.

Army Museum

Eqhubekela phambili uhambo oluya Invalides Paris, izivakashi eziningi zama ngempela ukuvakashela leli Luhambo. Army Museum iqoqo wakhe uhlanganisa inkathi esukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube manje. It yasungulwa ngo-1871 futhi ekuqaleni ngokuthi i-Museum of wezikhali. Ngalezo zinsuku igama elithi "wezikhali" lizama ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene izikhali. Ngo-1896 idaliwe Museum of History of the Army. Ngo-1905 kwanqunywa ukuba uhlangane eminyuziyamu ezimbili. Namuhla, i-Museum of the Army has izinto abangaba isigamu sesigidi, kuhlanganise zempi, izikhali, imifaniswano, amaphosta, izithombe, izincwadi nokunye okuningi. Inani embukisweni indawo ayizinkulungwane 12 square metres. Zonke amaqoqo zihlukaniswe nezikhathi zomlando, futhi izivakashi nethuba ukwenza uhlobo uhambo kusukela esikhathini zezwe lasendulo ekhulwini XX.

izinhlelo impumuzo Museum

Umlando waleli isakhiwo kuhlehlela emuva 1668. Senzeka ngaleso uNgqongqoshe ngesikhathi seMpi ngesikhathi seNkosi uLouis XIV - uFrancois-Michel Le Tellier - waqala ukuqoqa, kuhlanganise onobuhle ngakuthathu lamasango enezivikelo eziqinile. Lokhu kwakwenziwa zokunika lempi. Ngokukhethekile sakhokhwa izinqaba izakhiwo idolobha kanye nesimo sendawo isimo sezwe (amagquma, izimbobo nokunye. N.). Ngo 1700, walayela ukuhambisa iqoqo kuya Louvre. Ngezinye onobuhle lokuqala zenziwa onjiniyela lempi emkhakheni. Nokho, ngo-1743 le njongo workshop ezimbili Lille futhi Bethune zadalwa. Iningi onobuhle okwethulwa embukisweni enziwa ngesikhathi nangemva War of the Succession Austria, okwaqala ngo-1741 kuya ku 1748. Injongo yokudalwa kwaba umfanekiso ezibukwayo amadolobha athwetshulwe kamuva. iqoqo Kuyaphawuleka olusha ubekade 1754. Ngemva kwalokho, liphinde ubukisa cishe ayisekho zisebenzisa. Ngo-1774, ukuqoqwa yacishe ubhujiswe ngenxa yokuthi igalari we Louvre, lapho itholakala khona, wanquma babuyekeze lezo zinto ezidinga ukupendwa. Kodwa ngo-1777, lo mbukiso ihanjiswe ekhaya lasebekhulile esijana eParis, lapho kuze kube yilolu suku. Sekukonke, umnyuziyamu manje iqukethe mayelana amakhulu onobuhle. Izethameli futhi libonisa 28 kuphela impumuzo amacebo izinqaba ukuthi atholiwe kanye kuyi-English Channel ngamazwe aseMedithera nase-Atlantic coast kanye izintaba zasePyrenees.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe omlando wanamuhla

Ekuqaleni, le nhlangano yadalwa ngo-1914 futhi kwakha umtapo impi Museum. Ngo-1973-ke washukumiseleka ukuba Les Invalides, futhi wathola igama layo lamanje ngo-1987, eveza okushiwo amaqoqo ehambisana hhayi kuphela isinyathelo sezempi. Namuhla i-Museum of umlando wakamuva ingaphezu kwesigamu sesigidi ziphephile, okuyinto azibhala kusuka 1870 kuya esikhathini samanje. Kwaqoqwa lapha ukuqoqwa ihlanganisa nezikhathi ezinkulu zezindaba kokubili French nasemazweni angaphandle, ngokusebenzisa Ukusabalala kwabo izindaba zomphakathi, izinhlangano zamasiko nezombusazwe ngokusebenzisa imidwebo, yezicathulo, izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu, imidwebo, amaphosta, ngifaka, izithombe kanye nezinye izinto. Ngaphezu unomphela, futhi ngokuvamile iphatha ezihlukahlukene imibukiso ezithakazelisayo yesikhashana.

Les Invalides namuhla

Dome High Akhazimulayo ka sezakhiwo lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi isibe omunye zibona lezi zindawo eyinhloko-dolobha French. Ziningi izivakashi edonsela Umklamo omuhle, ingaphakathi esiyingqayizivele kwamasonto iminyuziyamu, futhi wadalula phambi Esplanade des Invalides indondo izibhamu. Nokho, eziyinkimbinkimbi akuyona nje eyingqopha zomlando namasiko of Paris - Invalides wenza umsebenzi walo oqondile. Ngakho, phakathi kwezingange zalo manje siphila Veterans cishe ikhulu, zazo isimo ukhathazekile.