Kwenqubomgomo nokwenza okuphathelene nolimi zisekela amalungelo ezincane

Umbuzo ulimi eminyakeni yamuva nje siye ngokuya abe isihloko mpendulo zezombusazwe, izithembiso pre-ukhetho kanye ngothando abavoti. Ngokuvamile kuba kuphela ikhava emi izinkinga nakowezenhlalo nezomnotho, kodwa kukhona amazwe lapho kukhishwe ulimi njengoba isimo "kuwufanele emphethweni." Inqubomgomo yolimi isimo njengoba iqoqo izinyathelo ezihlose asekelayo ngolimi olufanayo noma izilimi eziningi, njalo ihlose ukuhlanganisa abantu ezahlukene ezihlala ezweni endaweni eyodwa ebalulekile isimo - isizwe. Enye into indlela ukufezekisa wayefisa.

Sine phambi kwamehlo izibonelo eziningi zomlando kwenqubomgomo nokwenza okuphathelene nolimi nokuwubuwula kwaholela okuphambene ngokuphelele - esikhundleni abantu babe munye, wayekade ahlukaniswe, okugqugquzelwa inhliziyo separatist futhi kwaholela ezinkingeni yangaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi okuholela yezimpi zombango. Ngokwesibonelo, e-UK emuva maphakathi nawo-lamashumi amabili othisha ekhulwini jezisa abafundi esadla inkulumo Welsh, amazwi Irish noma Scottish. I sempi yezikhali Northern Ireland eyayigqoke uhlamvu hhayi kuphela zenkolo (amaKatolika umelane amaProthestani), kodwa futhi ulimi (Irish ngokumelene ngesiNgisi).

EFrance e 1794 Republic waphasisa umthetho onqabela ukusetshenziswa noma yiziphi ezinye izilimi nezilimi zezigodi kuleli zwe, ngaphandle French etemibhalo (eqinisweni, yilokho lwesigodi kwezindaba zesifunda Ile-de-France). Lo mthetho waqedwa kuphela ngo-1951, kodwa eminyakeni engamashumi ayisihlanu Occitan, Basque, Provencal, Breton, isiNtaliyane, isi-Corsican nabanye - ziye zanyamalala cishe ngokuphelele. Kungakhathaliseki lokhu kwaholela Inqubomgomo yolimi ubunye abantu? Lutho neze - kanye nemiboniso mass obiza imvuselelo ezilimi ezikhulunywa ezifundeni ayehlala bezizwe France bayisibonelo ngokucacile leli.

Ngaphansi koMbuso Austro-Hungarian, lo mgomo wokusetshenziswa kwezilimi yayihloselwe ikhuluma kanye uhlobo appeasement yamasimu yanqotshwa. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuxhumana phakathi ayitholwa futhi amakoloni waya isiJalimane, Austro-Hungarian uhulumeni asekelwe izilimi kazwelonke: Ivula izikole Slovak, isekela amaqembu zokudala Ukraine nasePoland ukuba axhase abanamakhono abasha Italy. Ngakho-ke, lo "Spring of Nations", futhi kamuva - Ngokuwa Empire Austro-Hungarian iphutha hhayi udaba ulimi, kodwa ngenxa yezombusazwe.

Ngokungafani Tsarist Russia, okwakubekelwa ukuyiveza yibo bonke "non-Russian", kusukela 1917 baqala ukusakaza ezilimi ezikhulunywa ezifundeni ukusekela imibono. Nokho, ukukhuthazwa eminye yebhizinisi asikafiki. Ngo-30 yalolucwaningo ngenkuthalo yenza ihaba ngobubi bezinkinga umbono ukuthi eSoviet Union abantu anobuhlobo 15 kuphela, kanti 15 emunye republic besekele izilimi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaphandle kokusekela kahulumeni, isibonelo, isiJalimane, Old-Mongolian, Finnish nezinye izilimi zabo izipikha compact noma ehlakazekile wahlala endaweni ye-USSR. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni wamemezela amakhophi ezilimi zabathile republic "ampofu" ufuna "ulimi ubunjiniyela" - ukuze baseMoldova ngenkani adluliselwe kusukela zamagama Latin ukuze Cyrillic. Esikhathini 50-60-yalolucwaningo kwenqubomgomo yolimi baseSoviet, kodwa yashintsha: lapho wonke isimemezelo asekelayo republic inyunyana izilimi, hhayi ukukhuluma isiRashiya, ukuba "natsmenov" baba emfashinini, kwaba uphawu backwardness futhi imvelaphi yasemakhaya. Umphumela ngeshwa sale nqubomgomo, singakwazi ukugcina isibonelo Russified Kazakhstan, Belarus, Ukraine futhi Moldova ngokwengxenye.

inqubomgomo Ulimi eRussia, ngeshwa, ngofuzo eziningi ukuthambekela ngasekupheleni USSR. Ngaphezu memezelo abathi ukusekela izilimi kazwelonke izifunda, republic futhi izifundazwe, uhulumeni waseRussia ngokuvamile sikhohlwa okungamaphesenti esizweni esincane izilimi, ubumbene abahlala isimo. Yiqiniso, zonke izakhamuzi kufanele wazi ulimi isimo kuleli zwe, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi asivumelekile ukukhuluma futhi bafundise izingane zabo ukukhuluma lolu limi. Uma isimo ngeke ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ukusekela izilimi ezincane kazwelonke, usebenzisa iziyisikhombisa iziphathimandla zokuphatha, abezindaba kanye nokugqugquzela abalobi ukubhala ngezilimi ezincane kazwelonke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lezi zilimi zezigodi zifa, futhi siyohlala umuzwa ukungeneliseki, ukucasuka nombango kazwelonke .