Izikhumbuzo kuvame kuyo abantu ezinkulu noma behlonipha libe isenzakalo esikhethekile. Kodwa ebaziwe yokudumisa izilwane asethwe hhayi kaningi futhi namanje kusimangaze umphakathi. Bewazi yini, isibonelo, ukuthi kukhona lesikhumbuzo ukuze igundane laboratory eRussia?
amagundane laboratory weJubili
Ngutiphi tilwane ngokuvamile ukusiza ososayensi izinto ezintsha? Kuyinto Akungabazeki umbuzo amagundane laboratory, okuyinto, njengoba zenyathi ahlukene agubha ikhulu-nyaka layo ngo-2009. Nokho, uma sibheka umlando, uzophawula ukuthi lezi zilwane elisetshenziswa isayensi esikhathini esidlule. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ucwaningo yayiqhutshelwa ku amagundane njengoba Ekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Kungani ekuqaleni konyaka "igundane" yomlando ubhekwa 1909 th? Kulula: ukunikeza idatha okunokwethenjelwa mayelana ucwaningo kufanele kube abantu zofuzo ezifanayo. Kukholakala ukuthi esigungwini okuqala ngokusebenzisa amagundane inbreeding (ukweqa abantu ukuthi zihlobene) ngezinjongo yesayensi wahlanganyela Clarence izinkomba Cook. Usosayensi kwaba Umugqa wokuqala izilwane efanelekayo zokucwaninga, kwaba ngo-1909. Njengoba le ndlela isetshenziswa ukutshala izilwane, esiza ukwenza zatholakala ngokwesayensi.
lesikhumbuzo ukuba
Akademgorodok - yindawo lapho ososayensi babe ezihlukahlukene izimboni kanye nezindawo lomsebenzi. Omunye izindawo ebalulekile eziyinkimbinkimbi - Institute of Cytology futhi Ufuzo ka SB RAS. Kule ndawo, ama-discovery eminingi yenziwa ngokusebenzisa izilwane zokucwaninga. Kukhona ngisho ehlukile SPF-vivarium (isakhiwo ahlukene lapho nabasebenzi bocwaningo zikhiqizelwa sakhula amagundane laboratory kanye nezinye test). Kuyinto phambi kwalesi sakhiwo, kwanqunywa ukuba sokuzakhela isikhumbuzo igundane laboratory. Le phrojekthi yokuqala lesikhumbuzo wayekulungele ngo-2005, eneminyaka engu-isilwane ehlezi isandla omkhulu womuntu. Nokho, ngenxa yobunzima ngemvume sokugcina kusakhiwo akhethiwe kanye nezinkinga nge ngezimali ebaziwe engakaze isungulwe.
amagundane laboratory Isikhumbuzo: incazelo nomlando
ebaziwe okusha wanquma ukusungula iminyaka engu-edolobheni, ezibizwa iminyaka engu-120th. umklamo emfushane ukuze kwakhiwe ikusasa waphathiswa umculi Andrew Kharkevich ukuthi ngesikhathi irekhodi abaqeqeshiwe imiklamo ezahlukene engaba yishumi. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka lesikhumbuzo ukuze igundane laboratory, astringent DNA Strand. Lesi sithombe ngezikhathi ezikhethiwe, limelela indawo ephakathi nombono ongokoqobo ngokulinganiselwa isilwane ikhathuni imfashini. Igundane ihlala esisekelweni egwadle futhi uphethe in ngezidladla izinaliti ukuthi knits molecule ye-DNA. Animal egqoke ijazi lab and izibuko. Ngale ndlela laseNovosibirsk Akademgorodok, okubandakanya iziphathimandla yesayensi zendawo, wahlangana ngomdlandla. Lokhu igundane umelela usosayensi nezihlobo zabo abathintekayo kulo ucwaningo ukuthi lingahunyushwa ngalezi zindlela aqhubekisela umfelandawonye nezilwane ngenxa yesayensi. Umdwebi ugcizelela ukuthi wazama ukuveza okwamanje wokuvula. Ngokusho kwakhe, imizwelo kwi "ubuso" igundane ukufunda Uma unganakile, ibonakala ngisho wesibili, futhi ngempela ithi: I ebaziwe is wazenza ngethusi yi master abadumile - Maksimom Petrovym "Eureka!". Isikhumbuzo ubeke Tyumen, the isinyathelo senziwa egwadle. Yonke imisebenzi yaqedwa ngo isikhathi, futhi ngo-July 1, 2013 kuvulwa enkulu lesikhumbuzo ezifakiwe.
Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo nasekukholelweni ezeni ehlobene lesikhumbuzo
Namuhla igundane DNA astringent molecule isithombe emaphakathi lonke ensimini ebaziwe ubuciko Isikhungo Cytology futhi Ufuzo, eSiberia RAS. Namuhla, Ilungiselelo yesayensi ngokuphelele enikelwe izilwane, ekusizeni abantu izifundo. Emabhentshini nasendaweni urns ungabona futhi umfanekiso unogwaja, amagundane, amaxoxo, izinja, izingulube hamsters ngisho drosophila. Zonke lezi zilwane zinengxenye ezihlukahlukene izifundo, ekusizeni abantu yokuthola ikhambi kanye yizifo ezibhubhisayo futhi ukuthola imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesakhiwo kanye ukusebenza kwezitho nezicubu yezinto eziphilayo. Isikhumbuzo laboratory igundane - akusiwona nje umhlobiso kwesikwele khumbuzo okomnikelo lezi ezincelisayo kwezesayensi ukubonga. ebaziwe ezintsha ezifana izakhamuzi zalowo muzi, futhi abafundi ngisho ukucela usizo kuye ku ezivivinyweni. Kukholakala ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba asukume eduze i-mouse noma zithathwe a molecule ye-DNA, futhi ke ezinhlanu yibhange kunoma iyiphi mcimbi. Wonke umuntu uthanda umhlobiso entsha Akademgorodok, futhi ngokuqinisekile omunye izinto engavamile kakhulu emzini - isikhumbuzo igundane laboratory. Novosibirsk - edolobheni elikhulu ngokwanele futhi nokuceba ukubaza amahle ezindaweni engavamile, kodwa uma unquma ukuvakashela ke, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka ekuvakasheni uhambo lwakho evakashele alley yesayensi eduze Isikhungo Cytology futhi Ufuzo ka SB RAS.