Inkinga imfundo. Izici lemfundo abafana namantombazana

Ngokufundisa osemusha inqubo ngokwanele futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya wonke: othisha, abazali, umphakathi.

Ngazo zonke izikhathi, le nkinga lemfundo sibucayi kakhulu, wazama ukuxazulula ochwepheshe, abazali kanye nabaholi bomphakathi, izincomo ekuthuthukiseni nemisebenzi yocwaningo.

Kodwa kalokhu asikaziboni Uthole kweqiniso sokuma isixazululo. Phela, zonke kid - ubuntu nge uhlamvu yayo siqu: abangothathekile noma ezolile, ukuphenya ngenkuthalo nokuhlola udlubulunda, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuthuthukisa olulodwa ukuqeqeshwa kadokotela. Ungasebenzisa kuphela usebenzisa izimiso ezivamile eliyisisekelo zisebenze ingane indlela ngamunye, uhambisane izici zayo esingokwemvelo.

Kuyini imfundo

Ngo pedagogy yesimanje ukwehlukanisa yencazelo ezimbili semantic lemfundo: ububanzi futhi ayibanzi.

Umqondo "imfundo" ngomqondo ebanzi uchazwa ngokuthi inqubo ehlelekile onenjongo isenzo ahlangene abazali nothisha nhlangothi zombili womuntu, ezingokwenyama nezingokomoya, ukuze ahlakulele ubuntu, ukulungiselela ukuphila emphakathini nokubamba iqhaza kuyo yonke imikhakha yomsebenzi: kwamasiko, zezimboni, umphakathi . Ngamanye amazwi, imfundo wengane sihlinzekela ukudluliselwa zanqwabelana isipiliyoni kwezenhlalo futhi isiko lomkhaya.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umuntu akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi ukubunjwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlangano izici ubuntu is Wathonywa kakhulu ezizungezile imvelo kwamasiko, kanye nendawo lapho kukhona umuntu ongelona ilungu lomkhaya nesikole.

Umqondo "imfundo 'ngomqondo ewumngcingo kuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa beqondiswa othisha namalungu uhlamvu bomkhaya, isikhundla esimisweni sokuhle nokubi futhi izimfanelo ezinhle ukuziphatha social lomphakathi.

imfundo eyeve eshumini nambili

Kusukela iminyaka eyishumi nanye ukuze nesishiyagalombili ngezinguquko ezinkulu ezenzeka umzimba wengane: hormone ebangela ukuba zikhule ngokomzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi inomthelela isimo psycho-ngokomzwelo nezingane, bakhula.

Kule ndaba, imfundo nentsha ngempela umsebenzi onzima, okuyinto, ngeshwa, akakwazi ukuphatha konke: kuthatha isineke, ukunakwa nokuqonda phezu ingxenye imvelo omdala.

Izinguquko engqondweni yengane ngokuvamile izici ezilandelayo:

• ngokoqobo ziqondakala ezibucayi kakhulu;
• abayizibonelo bayizithombe entsha futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi esihle;
• ukuziphatha kungashintshwa njalo kwemizwa;
• kwakhiwa umbono wakhe siqu ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene;
• kuye ngokuthi imfundo imvelo ophilayo zingavela izimisele for ubugebengu, izidakamizwa, ukungabi eziphikelelayo ukudla ngenye indlela.

Kodwa imfundo kuyinkinga enkulu ingekho nge zonke ingane, futhi lokhu ngenxa nje kuphela izimfanelo zengane ngayinye isegazini. Lokubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu imfundo ngaphambi nobudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu omkhaya.

Uma ingane Kwanele ngothando, imfudumalo sabazali, ukunakekelwa futhi ange isivakashi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, abazali abazi potokat kwaneliswa nezifiso zakhe, ngakho-ke ingane akunakwenzeka ukuba kuphakama umbono ukwenza izenzo zobugebengu, noma ukukhohlwa.

Futhi idlala indima enkulu kanjani ukuthembela nabazali yeningi ukuxhumana ingane. I asondeze kwaba ubudlelwane, aba maningi amathuba okuba bayosindiswa ukuthi nomfanyana oluyokwenza ukuba baxoxa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo nabazali babo.

Ngakho-ke, Luzama ukuphendula umbuzo indlela yokukhulisa ingane, kumelwe singakhohlwa ukuthi le nqubo kuqala eside ngaphambi Ukuza ubudala yenkinga. Baphetha ngokuthini jikelele abazali - ukuba ingane ngesibonelo.

Ekufundisweni umndeni

Isikhathi esining impela abantwana bakwa-isimo sakhe engenza abazali iphonseke stupor: bamane nje ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Futhi omunye lezi zimfanelo ingane akahlanye.

Abanye bazama ukuxazulula le nkinga nokuklabalasa asetshenziselwa ezinye imiphumela engokomzimba. Kuphela yi ngokuvamile zero, nakho konke iyaphindwa nesimo esifanayo.

Imbangela ezivame kakhulu lokhu kuziphatha kukhona izinkinga zemfundo umndeni, okungukuthi ukungalandelani futhi incoherence yezenzo omdala ngqo nomthelela enganeni. Lokhu ungaboniswa kanje:

• kanye singavumela ukwenza okuthile, futhi okwesibili - avala;
• ukwehlisa igunya;
• elinye ilungu lomndeni evumela ithuba elikhulu ku-TV (stomping e amaxhaphozi, kuzuba embhedeni, musa ukudla kwakusihlwa, ebusuku, njalo njalo), kanye nezinye - akukho.

Kwenzeka futhi, ngoba ilungu ngalinye lomndeni yakhuliswa ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi uye waklama izimiso zalo siqu kanye nemithetho.

Ngakho, wonke umuntu uzama ukufeza inqubo imfundo ngendlela yalo, mathupha. Akekho umuntu okwazi yokuqeda umbono siqu ngezinto lapha, kodwa lokho akusho ukulimaza umntwana, kubalulekile ngaphandle izingxabano zonke Ukudidiyela izenzo zabo: ukuxoxa umbono ukuthuthukisa evamile, bakwazi ukuxoxa ngalesi simo.

Inhlangano inqubo imfundo

Sekuyisikhathi eside kungase kutholakale ukuthi ukwakheka umuntu wesintu Ingxenye ngqo ubudlelwane nemfundo emkhayeni, okuyizinto ngesisekelo eyisisekelo zonke ekuphileni okwalandela. Futhi nokwethenjelwa amandla kwesisekelo kuzoncika sengqondo somuntu ukuze ehlukahlukene yokuphila nezimo.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwakha ubudlelwano ukuze inkinga wezemfundo umndeni zicekela phansi, ixazululwe ngendlela enokuthula futhi unikele ithonya aphansi le ngane.

inqubo Sikhungo kuyinto elula ukudlula e imindeni emikhulu, kusukela ukunakwa izihlobo kwasakazwa ngokulinganayo, futhi abadala ngifuna abasebasha. Emndenini omkhulu futhi kuyinto lithathelwe yemvelo ukuxhumana futhi zizihlanganise nabantu, ukufundisa nokunakekelwa ubungani.

Ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo umndeni eqhulwini le ngane. Ayikho ugogo nomkhulu Awukwazi ukufaka umama noma ubaba. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele zikhokhelwe inqubo wokufundisa imikhaya enomzali oyedwa.

Lapho ingane ukuqaphela lesi simo, kuba buhlungu, kungaba ivalwe. Kubalulekile ukuvikela izingane izifiso zabantu abadala futhi izingxabano bese uzama kuyamphahla kakhudlwana.

imfundo yokushisekela izwe

Eminyakeni ethile edlule, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene kwakukhona buthakathaka ukunakekela umsebenzi yokushisekela izwe isimo. Ngenxa yalokho, kuncane kakhulu okwenziwe ekhokhelwe lolu daba izinkulisa, izikole kanye amanyuvesi.

Kodwa manje isimo uyashintsha, futhi umbuzo kanjani ukukhulisa umuntu umoya wokuthanda izwe lakithi futhi iba efanele.

I pedagogy lokushisekela ubuzwe kuchazwa njengoba ukubaluleka ezibaluleke kakhulu, okuyinto waveza hhayi kuphela izici zomlando, amasiko, kwezempi nokulolongwa kwemibono samane, kodwa futhi njengoba izici ngokomoya, ngokokuziphatha kanye nesakhiwonchanti setenhlalo.

Ukusebenzisa imfundo Patriot neqhaza:

• ucwaningo kokulinganisa ngomlando neminyaka yempi;
• inhlangano iminyuziyamu esikoleni;
• Ukuqalwa izingane ukusebenza Veterans nabanye.

Kodwa ukuphikisana futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo inkinga wezemfundo yokushisekela izwe ebonakaliswa yokuthi ukuba bafeze lo umsebenzi zemfundo akudingeki izimo ngokwanele kanye namathuba nokuqaliswa kwalo uma uthanda.

Lokhu kumayelana nje kuphela ngendaba futhi base lobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nokubuyekeza esifike iziqondiso, networking nemindeni yabo mayelana nalezi zinkinga. Futhi entula ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kanye nokubika komhlaba olunzulu iningi izimpikiswano lokushisekela ubuzwe abezindaba sina.

izinkinga zangempela wezemfundo

pedagogy Modern ihlukane izinhlobo ezine imfundo:

1. Ubushiqela - ukucindezelwa ehlelekile by izingane ezindala noma abadala isithunzi, izimfanelo siqu futhi eyenza izinto ngokuzithandela. Ngenxa yalokho - Ukumelana, ukwesaba, nokudikibala futhi ukuzenyeza, ukungafuni ukwenza lutho.
2. Non-ukuphazamiseka (yokungenzi) - ukuhlinzeka ingane inkululeko egcwele. inkinga imfundo nge le ndlela ukuthi kuveza sokuzihlukanisa umndeni kodwa, bangabethembi abanye futhi bangathenjwa.
3. Sizivikele ngokweqile - ligcwele wengane kanye ngesikhathi esifanayo amvikele kusukela kobunzima. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, abazali bakhulisa yomhobholo, ukungabi ukuzimela, ubuthaka izinqumo.
4. Cooperation - okusekelwe izithakazelo ezivamile, ukusekela imisebenzi ngokuhlanganyela. Lesi sitayela kuholela ukuzimela, ukulingana, ubunye umndeni.

Ngokuvamile imikhaya kukhombise ngokusobala Ukungqubuzana izitayela okungukuthi inkinga eyinhloko yemfundo. Ukuyixazulula, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kubalulekile ukusebenzisa zonke izitayela. Kodwa Symbiosis zabo, hhayi ngxabano kuyokwenzeka kanjalo ugweme izinkinga eziningi ngaphezulu.

Indlela abafana

Cishe bonke abazali yamadodana ebuza indlela yokutshala umfana indoda ehloniphekile futhi enesibindi.

Abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi ukunakekela indodana ubaba onothando ezibalulekile, umama hhayi kuphela. Abesilisa baba nomuzwa wokuthi akufanele kube umuzwa onjalo, kodwa unciphise ukucindezeleka futhi uvumele ubudlelwano ukuze kube qotho.

Esikhathini sethu, egcwele izenzakalo kanye nezibhelu ezilandela lokhu, izingane namuhla kunanini ngaphambili, badinga ukuxhumana nabazali.

Ukuze uthole umfana uba ngokudingeka ukuya nobaba epaki ukuhamba ngebhayisekili, wenze eyizidleke, ngisize umama, kodwa awazi ukuthi imisebenzi yomunye zingatholakala! Kubalulekile futhi ukuxhumana lesizukulwane esidala. embili okunjalo kuyokwenza kube ukudlulisela lesi sitayela futhi umndeni wakhe esikhathini esizayo.

Kuyasiza sokuthuthukiswa umfana kuyoba isigaba kwezemidlalo noma izigaba izivakashi ezizoqinisa impilo kangaka hhayi kuphela hhayi, kangakanani uhlamvu.

Ngokufundisa amantombazane

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi izici imfundo for abafana namantombazane kukhona ethé ukuhluka kancane, futhi lokhu ixhunyiwe hhayi kuphela ubulili, kodwa futhi nezinselele zokuphila.

Girl ezama ukuba njengoNkulunkulu kumama, oyindodakazi isibonelo. Azifundayo ukuxhumana nomyeni wakhe, amadoda kanye nabanye, wahlanganyela izindlu, ukuthatha izivakashi ukuchitha ngamaholide nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha unina ngendlela yakhe yokukhuluma futhi izenzo ezenziwe.

Futhi kuthinte imfundo abangane, izihlobo nabangane. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela emehlweni wentombazane izimfanelo ezinhle, isithunzi sabantu futhi yokuthi umama ungathanda ukubona indodakazi yabo. Uyoze zama isifiso somuntu unina.

Bezingosi intsha esikhulakhulile kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Omunye kufanele azame ngobumnene ukuqaphela izithakazelo indodakazi yakhe ngaleso ubudala, ukwazi umbuthano wakhe ka nabangane nabantu obajwayele, uma isidingo aveze amaphutha futhi isilungisiwe uthando kuye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwazi sinake amantombazane ku amaqhawe izincwadi noma ama-movie.

Kubalulekile futhi ngenxa senkosikazi esizayo wokuzilibazisa yezandla, imisebenzi yasekhaya, ukupheka. Umama, yena ungafunda kudingeka bazinakekele, isitayela kanye ukunambitheka ezintweni.

indima Special emfundweni amantombazane ubaba, kufanele, sengathi umama, ukunikeza izimbali zakhe, nyakazisa izandla, ukuhalalisela amaholide, ukukhokha izincomo, nokuningi. Lokhu kuyokwenza ugcine indodakazi ikusasa nokwesaba kanye izakhiwo yokuxhumana.

izisekelo echazwa imfundo

Theory kanye nezindlela imfundo, nakuba eklanyelwe ukuxazulula inkinga efanayo, kodwa indlela kule izindlela ezahlukene kakhulu.

Theory imfundo zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu main (abanye njengabakhulu nemikhiqizo yalo):

1. Biogenic. Lokhu isiqondiso kusekelwe yokuthi izici zobuntu kukhona zenani elikhulu eziyifa kanye cishe engabathinti ushintsho.
2. Sociogenic. It is wagomela ukuthi kuphela izici zezenhlalo nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu.
3. Yokuziphatha. Kukholakala ukuthi umuntu unamakhono futhi imikhuba yokuziphatha.

Ngokusobala, kungalungile ukusho ukuthi iqiniso equkethwe endaweni ethile phakathi.

Amasu kanye umzali izitayela

Kuyo yonke iminyaka engu-ukhona Psychology pedagogy bamenywa ukuba ezihlukahlukene izitayela kanye nezindlela imfundo, ethandwa kakhulu sihlolisise.

izingane zanamuhla wakhulela Japan kumigomo division zibe ngezikhathi, ngamunye okuyinto eba isethi ezithile izimfanelo. iminyaka emihlanu avunyelwe ngokuphelele konke, futhi lapho efika ukuthi unyaka kuze kube iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, futhi ingane ibekwe ngohlaka eqinile okuyinto kungukuphula umndeni kanye ukhuze yomphakathi. Ekupheleni iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, umuntu ubhekwa umdala ngokwanele ukuxhumana ku-nokuwumisa alinganayo.

Njengoba sixties kwekhulu elidlule akuyona ngincipha udumo inqubo Nikitin, abathatha ukuthuthuka komqondo ngokomzimba izingane njengesisekelo yokukhuliswa obunobunye.

Ayikho ngaphansi Valfdorskaya amasu asetshenziselwa emfundweni yezingane kusekelwe intuthuko engokomoya futhi lokudala kanye nokusetshenziswa ngezinto zemvelo kuphela.

indlela Sikhungo ka Glenn Doman indlela ubhekwa ukuthuthukiswa ekuseni abantwana kanye zokupheka, okuyinto abafundile buchopho. Ngesisekelo le ndlela kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa kusukela ekuzalweni. Uhlelo kudinga abazali isikhathi esiningi nesiyalo, kodwa ekugcineni unikeza imiphumela emangalisayo.

Indlela Yokwenza lemfundo kaMaria Montessori kungenye uhlelo esetshenziswa kabanzi. Le ndlela ukuze ukhuthaze ingane ukuba bazibuse, bangabuswa, ehlaziya nalapho ukulungisa amaphutha. In the game, lapho enquma ukuthi nokuthi kukuningi okwakudingeka kwenziwe, nothisha indima ukusiza ingane ukwenza yonke into ngokwakho.

Central bonke izinkomba iyona ukutadisha ngendlela ehlelekile nokuya ulandele uhlelo, kunokuba jumping ukuze izindlela ezahlukene.