I-Spondylitis - iyini? Izinhlobo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa kwe-spondylitis

Izifo ze-spondylitis ziyinqaba kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ukukhubazeka kubonakala ku-0.3-0.8% wabantu. Ngakho-ke, abaningi abazi ngisho noma bezwa ukuxilongwa "kwe-spondylitis," kuyini. Ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha, leli gama libhekisela ezifweni ezivuthayo zomgogodla. Lesi sifo sibhekene nesimo sangemva kokungenwa kwamagciwane okunakekelwa. Isikhalazo ngesikhathi esifanele usizo lodokotela likuvumela ukuba ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo esinjalo esingathandeki. Yilokho okuchaza izibalo ezinhle.

Izici zesifo

I-Spondylitis - iyini? Lezi zifo zihlanganisa lonke iqembu lezifo ezivuthayo zomgogodla, uqhubeka ngendlela ehlala njalo. Kubonakala ngokunqotshwa kwezinsika eziningana zensimbi.

I-pathology ingase isekelwe ku:

• Isifo sofuba;
• I-Brucellosis;
• Umkhuhlane we-typhoid;
• Ukutheleleka okunamandla.

Awukwazi ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zesifo. Kodwa ngokuvamile kaningi kukhona i-spondylitis enezinambuzane.

Ukuvuvukala okwenzeka emzimbeni kuholela ekubhujisweni kwama-vertebrae, ubukhulu bezinthambo zamathambo buyancipha. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuguqulwa kwikholomu yonke kuqhubeka.

Ukukhubazeka kubhekisela ezifweni ezingavamile ezingenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka ehlukene. I-degree yokuqala inezibonakaliso ezinzima kakhulu, okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuxilongwa. Kodwa ngokunqotshwa kwezinsika eziningana zepilisi, lesi sifo sithola umlingiswa obonakalayo.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokucacile, spondylitis - kuyini. Lesi sifo, esibonakala ubuhlungu obukhulu, umuzwa wokuqina, ukushisa okwandayo, umqondo wobuthakathaka nokubonakala kokuma okuqondile. Kuyingozi kakhulu, uma izifo zingabambeki ngokubaluleka okubalulekile. Ukuqhubeka kwayo kuholela ekwakhiweni kwesikhukhula noma ukuvinjelwa kwe-spin esifundeni se-thoracic.

Izimbangela zokugula

Izifo zesifo se-spondylitis zenzeka njalo ngenxa yenqubo efakazelayo eyenzeka emzimbeni.

Odokotela baveza izimbangela ezilandelayo zesifo:

1. Okucacile. Lesi sifo sibangela ibhaktheriya ethile, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwe-vertebrae: isifo sofuba, i-brucellosis, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilitic, i-actinomycotic.
2. Okungavamile. Ama-microorganisms abangela inkambo evamile yalesi sifo ngokusho kwesimiso sokuvuvukala okungenamafutha. Lesi sifo singashukunyiswa yi: amabhaktheriya emathumbu, intonga ye-hemophilic, staphylococci. Isici esiyingqayizivele se-pathology yilona ukwakheka kwe-abscess invertebral.
3. I-rheumatoid. Lezi zifo zibangelwa yi-pathologies, eyenziwa yiqembu le- hemolytic A streptococcus : i-angina, i-pyoderma, i-carditis.

Izici zokudalwa kwesifo yilesi:

• Ukuzivikela komzimba;
• Ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside ama agent ase-cytotoxic, glucocorticosteroids;
• I-trauma yomgogodla;
• Ukugxila okungapheli kwesifo esithile (igonorrhea, isifo sofuba).

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-spondylitis, uma kucatshangwa kusukela endaweni yokubuka imbangela.

Okuvame kakhulu yizinhlobo ezintathu:

• I-Tubercular;
• I-Aseptic;
• I-Ankylosing.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhubazeka kungathinta noma yiziphi izindawo. Ngakho-ke wabela:

• I-Spondylitis ye-lumbar spine;
• I-Thoracic;
• Umlomo wesibeletho.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Abantu ababhekene ne-pathology njenge-spondylitis, ukuthi yikuphi, baqonde kahle. Ukugula kubonakala njengesifo esibonisa ukungathandeki kakhulu futhi kuthinta kakhulu izinga lempilo.

Lesi sifo sibonakala ngomtholampilo olandelayo:

• Ukukhathazeka okubuhlungu ngemuva, esifundeni se-hip, emilenzeni, esifubeni;
• Inqubo yokuvuvukala ekolini lomgogodla;
• Ukuvutha noma ukubetha emathangeni, imilenze, emuva;
• Ukugubha komgogodla;
• Isikhathi esidinga ukuba "uye endlini yangasese";
• Ukwehla kokuhamba;
• Isihlungu se-syndrome ngesikhathi sokunyakaza;
• Ukunciphisa umgogodla;
• Ukwenzeka kwezinkinga zokulala;
• Ukubonakaliswa kwesiqubuko somgogodla.

I-Spondylitis ye-spider lumbar ibonakaliswa yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esinesifo sezinzwa:

1. Kungase kube nokukhubazeka okuyingxenye noma okuphelele emaphethelweni aphansi.
2. Uma kwenzeka inqubo eveziwe, ukungabikho komzimba kubonakala.
3. Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu esifundeni somlenze bunikwe i-perineum.
4. Ukukhathazeka ukubhoboza, ngezikhathi ezithile kubheka "lumbago".
5. Izimpawu ezibonisa ukudakwa komzimba izici: ukushisa okuphansi, isizungu, ubuthakathaka.

I-ankylosing spondylitis

Lesi sifo sinenye igama - isifo sikaBekhterev. Enhliziyweni yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kungukulimala kwamagciwane emithonjeni. I-ankylosing spondylitis ivame ukuphumela ekuthumeni komzimba. Ngokuvamile isifo esinjalo sibonakala emadodeni asedlule iminyaka engama-20.

I-Ankylosing spinal cord spondylitis iyanciphisa kancane kancane umsebenzi wemoto. Ngalesi sifo, kunjengokungathi kuphazamisa ama-vertebrae. Ngenxa yalokho, bakha ithambo elilodwa.

I-pathology ikhula kancane kancane, isikhathi eside. Ekuqaleni, isifunda se-lumbar sithintekile, ngakho-ke lesi sifo sihlanganisa ithanga nokubola. I-ossification yomgogodla ikhula kancane kancane. Akujabulisi uma kufika endaweni yebele. Eqinisweni, kanye nokuhamba okulinganiselwe, kunzima ukuphefumula ukuphefumula. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli siqala ukukhubazeka okungapheli kwamapayipi.

Izimpawu zesifo zithuthukiswa kakhulu ngomthwalo osebenzayo noma ukuphumula isikhathi eside. Ukungajabuli okungajabulisi kuqedwe ngezidakamizwa eziphikisayo nokuzivocavoca okukhethekile.

I-spondylitis ene-tuberculous

Ukugula kuthiwa yisifo sikaPott. Ngokuvamile, ukukhubazeka kwenzeka ezinganeni nasebancane. I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo imelana kakhulu nesenzo se-acids nama-antibiotic amaningi.

Isifo se-tuberculosis spondylitis sikhula ikakhulukazi endaweni ye-thoracic, njengoba ukugula kubangelwa ama-microorganisms asendaweni emaphashini, ngezinye izikhathi emagqumeni amancane. Ama-bacteria, afaka phakathi ama-vertebrae, aqhubekisela phambili ukwakheka kwezakhiwo ze-tubercle, eziba yi-necrosis. I-necrosis yezicubu ihlanganisa izixhumanisi eziseduze zekholomu.

I-pathology ingaqala ukuqhubeka iminyaka eminingana emva kokutheleleka. Ukuqala indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwesifo kungaba ukulayishwa ngokweqile, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukwehlisa amandla okuzivikela.

Izimpawu ze-spondylitis ezinobuthi yizi:

1. Endaweni yokuvuvukala kwendawo, i-edema nama-abscesses abandayo kubonakala.
2. Umsebenzi ongenqanyelwe wemoto.
3. Ingane isheshe ikhathele, ilele kabi, ingenasiphelo.
4. Izingane zinokuqapha. Bazama ukunamathela esiswini bese beqondisa emuva, ngokunciphisa intuitively lo mncintiswano emgodleni.
5. Kukhona izikhalazo zobuhlungu esiswini.

Ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo kuholela ekwakheni i-hump, ukuvela kwezifo ze-neurological, ngezinye izikhathi ukukhubazeka.

Isiguli sinqunywe imishanguzo ye-antibacterial, yokwelapha okujwayelekile yokubuyisela. Kwezinye izimo, kunconywa imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa.

I-spondylitis yama-aseptic

Ukugula okunjalo kuyaziwa ngemithi njenge-Kymmel-Werney isifo. Esimpandeni sesifo kukhona ukulimala kwe-vertebra. I-spondylitis ye-aseptic ayijabuli neze futhi ihlakaniphile. Ngemuva kokulimala, kudalwe ukuthi lesi sifo sinqotshwe, ngoba ayikho isifo esibonakalayo esigulini. Lokhu kungadlulela iminyaka eminingana. Ngeshwa, ngalesi sikhathi indawo ethintekile iyakwazi ukuhlanganiswa ne-necrotic foci.

Iningi lokukhubazeka litholakala emadodeni asekhulile kanye nezinsizwa. Isifo se-Kymmel-Vernei sisezindaweni eziningi esendaweni ye-thoracic, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi sibonakala esifundeni se-lumbar.

Kukhona isithombe esingathandeki kakhulu uma umthambo we-intra-vertebral wonakaliswa ngesikhathi sokulimala. Kule nkinga, kunesifo segazi esiphuthumayo, okuphazamisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-vasomotor. Izinqubo ze-Necrosis ziqala ukuthuthukisa, ukwehla kwamathambo kwenzeka.

Kodwa-ke, i-vertebra ethintekile iyaqhubeka ithwala umthwalo futhi yenza yonke imisebenzi. Lesi simo siholela ekuthuthukiseni. Futhi ngisho nokulimala okuncane kunokwanele ukwenza isiguli sibe nokuhlukana kokucindezela komgogodla.

Imithi

Yeka ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology kungaba nezinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuphela.

Uma ukuhlanganiswa komgogodla kutholakala, ukwelashwa kufaka:

• Ukuphathwa kwemithi;
• Izinqubo zePhysiotherapeutic;
• Gymnastics yokwelapha.

Ukwelapha kuxhomeke ngokuphelele emthonjeni owabangela lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, amalungiselelo okwelapha akhethiwe ngamunye.

Ngokuvamile isiguli sinqunywe:

1. Ama-NSAID. Lezi kungaba imithi: Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Nimesulide.
2. Amalungiselelo aqeda ukuvuvukala futhi angenawo umphumela we-steroid: Indomethacin, i-Orthofen. Imithi enjalo inciphisa ubuhlungu be-syndrome, yehlisa izinga lokushisa, isuse ukuvuvukala.
3. Corticosteroids. Imithi ehloswe ekukhipheni ukukhukhumeza nokubuyisela izinqubo zokuphazamiseka eziphazamisayo. Banikeza ukubuyiswa komgogodla. Ngokuvamile izidakamizwa eziphakanyisiwe "i-Prednisolone".
4. Ama-antibiotics. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kukuvumela ukuba ulwe nezifo. Imithi elandelayo imisiwe: "Cefixime", "Norfloxacin", "Ceftriaxone", "Ofloxacin", "Levofloxacin".
5. Izixazululo eziqinisekisa ukususwa kwe-toxin emzimbeni. Ncoma: Isixazululo seRinger sika noma sodium chloride.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezengeziwe

Emva kokuqeda ubuhlungu be-syndrome, ukwelashwa kwe-spondylitis kunezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Gymnastics yokwelapha. Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kukuvumela ukuqinisa izicubu zomzimba.
2. Thermotherapy. Indawo ethintekile ifudumele. Ngenxa yalokho, ubuhlungu buyanciphisa ngangokunokwenzeka.
3. Amanzi okuphulukisa. Imisebenzi enjalo ihlose ukuphumula izicubu zomzimba kanye nokuqeda ukungakhululeki.
4. I-Phonophoresis. Inqubo ikhulula ukuvuvukala.
5. Massage. Ijwayele ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi ivuse umzimba. Isiza ukubuyisela isikhundla esifanele sama-vertebrae.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa akuvamile ukusetshenziswa. Okudingekayo kuvele kuphela lapho ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kungaphumeleli. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu kuleso sifo njenge-spondylitis, ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele.