G36 (nokuhlanganisa isibhamu): izici nezithombe

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo ku-German Bundeswehr impi kabusha izakhiwo bese rearming. Khona-ke enkonzweni wayaziwa emhlabeni Heckler und Koch G3 isibhamu. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo enikeziwe babe ukuthuthukiswa entsha gunsmiths German - G11. Nokho, NATO akayivumanga lezi zinguquko, njengoba sifuna ukuhlanganisa futhi elifanele zonke izinhlelo isibhamu nezinhlamvu abawasebenzisayo. Njengoba isibhamu entsha yokusebenzisa caseless ekhethekile izinhlamvu osezingeni 4,73 mm, kwanqunywa ukuba nilishiye libe zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali angamarizevu, kodwa kunalokho ukuthuthukisa isikhali entsha. Lokhu lula kokuhlanganiswa we-republic amabili - East neNtshonalanga Jalimane - ngo-1990, futhi concomitant izindleko ngemali okukhulu. Futhi kwakukhona brand isikhali entsha - German nokuhlanganisa isibhamu G36.

Izizathu zithuthukiswe futhi umlando isibhamu

Lezi zenzakalo nazo ephelezelwa izinguquko NATO. I-Alliance ngenkuthalo zisakazeka ibutho elisha igobolondo 5.56 mm, okuyinto kudingwa izikhali German ngokusebenzisa le igobolondo. Ngo-1992, abaphathi abaphezulu esethula umqondo we uhlelo olusha isikhali - IDZ (infantryman ka esikhathini esizayo). Lo mqondo kuhlanganisiwe isibhamu ukushaya, umshini isibhamu, eyayintula ukwelekelela MG-3 kwezikhali. injongo yabo kwakuyilungelo elingakanani ukusekela amayunithi elihamba phansi. Futhi gunsmiths German ngenkuthalo wasiphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa onobuhle ezintsha.

September 1, 1993 kwakukhona lwemininingwane yobuchwepheshe adalwe ochwepheshe eHhvisi ukuthengwa kwezikhali. Ngemva kwalokho, kwaba sobala ukuthi yonke amasampula, okuyinto aqukethe e Bundeswehr ehlome, musa nezidingo kwesokunxele. Ngakho, le nkinga luyindida nakakhulu, ngoba manje yayihloselwe ukuthatha indawo ngokuphelele yonke zikhali, isampula eyodwa nje. Lapho efeza oda, kukhona izimbangi ezimbili eziyinhloko - inkampani German Heckler und Koch kanye Austrian Steyr.

Ngo-H & K izimo ezinjalo ezicindezelayo sakwazi ukuyibhala ngendlela engcono. Abaklami lenkampani ephethwe esikhathini esifushane kakhulu isikhathi ukwakha umkhaya elula, cheap, kodwa okuthembekile kwezikhali - umshini HK.50 futhi kusekelwe kuyo MG.50 isibhamu. Lezi amasampula ngezindlela eziningi kunokubuthwa ke ethandwa Austrian Aug 77 futhi ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo Aug / HBAR yayo isibhamu. Bayajabula ngakho ekuphathweni ukuthi ngokushesha bangeniswa isevisi ngaphansi kophawu Bundeswehr G36 kanye MG36. Nokho, abambalwa amayunithi (cishe 35,000 izibhamu 200 izibhamu) engunyaza ezinyangeni zokuqala wempilo kohlelo. Lokhu kwakubangelwa izinkinga zezimali eJalimane.

umklamo Izici

Kuyini ephawulekayo, amaJalimane ngokuvamile pedantic kulokhu bashiya isiko. Ngokuvamile, inkampani uye wasebenzisa isimiso ezishintshayo izikhali zabo, esekelwe ukubuyiselwa imisiwe blowback, isiqu ngesikhathi esifanayo wahlala izimele. Uhlelo ukukhiya Kusekelwe esangweni roller, futhi sinqatshiwe. Ngisho Kalashnikov uhlelo, okungase laba isisekelo segama isibhamu esisha silahliwe. Ukwakha i-sokuzingela othomathikhi G36 wanquma ukusebenzisa icebo esinye isikhali ethandwa - American M16.

Nokuhlanganisa isibhamu (othomathikhi) G36 siqukethe lezo zingxenye - umamukeli (okubandakanya emgqonyeni esikhiphekayo ethwele isibambo nge edidiyele emehlweni optical), Butt flip uhlobo, indlela labadubuli nge elibambe isibhamu, esitolo, isitolo umamukeli, le ibhodi lemisindo, ezithathekayo Automatic futhi insabule.

ukusebenza ezishintshayo

Isimiso ezishintshayo ejwayelekile - ukususwa powder umoya ovela wazala. Abaklami G36 imikhawulo icebo yabo siqu - ukuklanywa enenjini igesi ukuthi lilungiselelwe ukuthi lihlukanise ibhawudo, engasatholi incike piston igesi unhlangothi iDemo. Lapho wadubula, le piston enza valve futhi usibeka isikhundla labaqaphi elingemuva. wazala ikhiyiwe ngenxa lugs ekhethekile (ingqikithi 7), shutter kumelwe uphendukisa degrees 30 nge-stem. Okunjalo design kufuneka uveze ukukhungatheka kuye kwanciphisa isisindo isibhamu ukunciphisa umthelela ezishintshayo ku egijima ukuzinza uma ukudubula futhi ukunciphisa isisindo ukukhiya iyunithi.

Trigger Izici

USM (inhlamvu indlela) kuyefana ngokuphelele esasisandulele - G3. It is eqoqwe ebhokisini elikhethekile ukuthi iqukethe inhlamvu, kanye ubakaki isibhamu isango. Okwandisa kalula ukwenziwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zisesimweni emlilweni. Ukuze ulungise amabhokisi phezu umamukeli ingxenye izikhonkwane transverse asetshenziswa. I-trigger kakhulu efanayo - uhlobo isando. Ludizayinelwe ukuqhuba kokubili umlilo olulodwa futhi othomathikhi. Fuse kanye Umhumushi izindlela umlilo ehlangana,-ezimbili emaceleni ibhokisi eyenza lo msebenzi inikezwa ngaphezu ukubamba isibhamu, okwenza kube lula ukuze ushintshe ukudubula izindlela esenzweni. Kulokhu izilungiselelo ifektri ingahluka - isibhamu kungenziwa bephethe inhlanganisela ezahlukene izindlela - ngokugcina kuphela isibani olulodwa, umlilo olulodwa futhi othomathikhi, eyodwa futhi Ukuvutha kabili noma izindlela ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ama-earphone kanye kokusebenza

Olunye uhlobo sici kwezikhali - kungenzeka umlilo kunoma ilungelo noma ngakwesokhohlo. Isibambo ukulayisha kabusha ogibele phezulu umamukeli ukuze ligoqwe ukuphendukela kunoma iluphi uhlangothi ngu-90 degrees. It uba ezingxenyeni ezihambayo Automation at ngokuhoxa. Lapho kokudubula isibambo ihamba kanye Uhlaka yokucina. Kuqhathaniswa isibhamu G3 kuhleliswa siye wenza izinguquko eziningi ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwe kabusha uhlelo, ikakhulukazi nangaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle. Kulokhu, owamukelayo ivikelwe ekungcolisweni kusukela slot for ukudlula isibambo isusiwe. Ukukhululwa cartridges wachitha kweza ekhethekile isizinda ifasitela ohlangothini kwesokudla umamukeli. Ekuqaleni kwenziwe futhi asingathe ukuthwala sokuzingela ogibele phezulu umamukeli ngokushesha ngenhla ashona isibambo. Ngakho, maphakathi yesisindo isibhamu nje ngaphansi esithwele isibambo. Omunye umsebenzi wayo - ikhono obonayo, njengoba amathuluzi for lokhu ogibele langemuva ingxenye. Isici esiphawulekayo lokhu isibhamu - njalo emithathu isikhathi emehlweni. It yenzelwe ukuba kude nendlu 800 metres uphinde uthele kancane ifakwe designator laser. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona standard collimator emehlweni, kwenza ukudubula kahle at amabanga kuze 200 meters. Futhi, isibambo ikuvumela ulikhweze kwamanye amasayithi - isibonelo, ifemu Zeiss ukhiphe emehlweni ubusuku Hensoldt AG salokhu sokuzingela ngaphandle kokukhanya, kuyinto ngokudubula kungenzeka naye at ibanga 350 amamitha.

Lula futhi compactness

Esinye isici esiphawuleka, okuyinto has a German othomathikhi sokuzingela G36 - compactness ezehlukile. Njengoba ibutho zanamuhla ezikwazi kakhulu, badinga hhayi kuphela ephumelelayo futhi elula, kodwa futhi isikhali esikahle. Nge le njongo, abaklami waqalisa G36 design ukusonga Butt, esehlisa obuphelele jikelele izikhali kusuka 1000 mm kuya 758 mm, okuvumela elihamba umhlaba benethezekile izimoto armored noma ukwenza parachute ukweqa.

izikhali sikagesi

G36 nokuhlanganisa isibhamu nezinhlamvu sidla zomagazini, ogama umthamo - 30 imizuliswano. It is eyenziwe ngepulasitiki esobala, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba iqaphe bachitha kanye nezinhlamvu, ezinhlangothini it has namantombazane ekhethekile, okuvumela ukukhweza umagazini sokuphumula. esitolo ezifakiwe ukugcwaliswa wenza yezinyoni for 10 imizuliswano ne-adaptha. Bukhoma zisebenzisa izitolo kathathu noma elikabili, okwandisa izinhlamvu eyalo nokudubula. Kusukela umamukeli kwenziwa namazinga NATO, isibhamu ingasetshenziswa nanoma iyiphi izitolo cartridges NATO 5.56.

Umklamo nezici umamukeli

Receiver ngesibhakela kusuka eshidini steel. I Onjiniyela unganqikazi ulinge futhi lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa emisha ezifana imikhiqizo metal, powder yokusansimbi noma ngokuxosha imodeli encibilikisiwe. Nokho, ukwenziwa izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana isibangeli, isitokwe, esitolo, handguard sebenzisa izinto ezivamile ezifana polyamide umthelela ukumelana noma fibre ingilazi kwagcizelela plastic.

Ukuze wehlise ukushisa emisebeni ngesikhathi kokudubula, kufihla umcibisholo ezishisayo zonke izingxenye zensimbi we isibhamu okwenziwa - ngabo ukusebenzisa ekhethekile enamathela ukushisa-nangokuvikela.

izici Martial, izici isicelo

Ukuhlola kwenziwe landfills futhi ukusebenza wabonisa ukuthi ine ukulwa okusezingeni eliphezulu sokuzingela izici. Ongoti kuphawulwe ukuthi uma ngokudubula nhlobo isikhashana ekuqedweni, isikhali ayinyakazi khathi ngokudubula Ukuvutha. Kahle kahle, lokhu yi osekuzuziwe sibonga kusakhiwo. Mobile izingxenye ezishintshayo zitholakala ngenhla umgqomo, umbhede unaye ku-eksisi efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsindo uma isebenzile sasivumela ethule kuqhathaniswa nezinye izikhali. Futhi ukunemba hits ezingeni ukuphakama; G36 - sokuzingela, okuyinto okokuqala eminyakeni eziningi zabonisa ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kunalokho sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu we NATO ngezibhamu. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kokudubula emifushane (3-5 imizuliswano) liqhumise at ibanga 100 m ukusabalala ingeqi 12 cm kanye umgqomo nge ukuphikelela okusezingeni eliphezulu (mayelana 10 000 imizuliswano), lokhu kunikeza inzuzo eside phezu somphikisi. Uhlobo eyinhloko umlilo - othomathikhi, njengoba umthetho, ukudubula Ukuvutha kuze 5 isibhamu, kodwa kungenzeka nomlilo eside (kufika ku 10 imizuliswano) Ukuvutha futhi MG36 machine gun - ngokuqhubekayo.

Umndeni ka-H & K

Ngesisekelo le sokuzingela Heckler & Koch athuthukile wonke umndeni izikhali, ezifaka hlangana ukuhlahluba MG36 machine gun futhi ngezibhamu G36 K futhi G36 C. Kulokhu, German sokuzingela G36 - isikhali ukuthi iguqulwe kalula ibe isibhamu, lokhu umcibisholo kwanele ukusungula emgqonyeni esindayo nge bipod bese uxhuma esitolo umamukeli ku cartridges 100 elakhelwe Ezimweni ezinjalo. esitolo sici ukuthi libuye esenziwe i-NATO STANAG 4179 ejwayelekile futhi isebenza machine gun waphumelela kakhulu.

Yokutholwa le gunsmiths German kanye mkhuba global - ukudala ngesisekelo isibhamu amasampula amaningi (kusuka ngesibhamu submachine esindayo machine gun). BaseMelika babé esizoqala kuso ukubala M16, eRussia - AK-74. Ukuwalandela, amaJalimane basungula ezinye izibonelo izikhali siqu. Khona-ke ibutho niche ezazibhekwa elalihlala sub-izibhamu. Bakhandwa eyenzelwe ukudubula ngenxa igobolondo aphansi amandla. Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho baseMelika zisebenzisa ngesikhathi Vietnam War M4 carbines futhi XM177, amaviyo yiliphi izwe kudingeka ibe isikhali compact futhi kuqhathaniswa enamandla ukulwa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, kanye ehlathini, ihlathi, nokunye .. Ngo isampula ezifana okudingekayo futhi Bundeswehr.

Ukuze kuxazululwe le abaklami inkinga idalwe inguqulo compact G36 - isibhamu mfushane (carbine) nge emgqonyeni 318 mm. Kodwa lokhu kwakwenza kudingeke usebenzise ezinamandla kakhudlwana nomlomo ukubopha, kusukela ukufinyela zanda kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa e ekhethekile amayunithi carabiner kungaqedwa nge ebusuku emehlweni, sextant, kanye flashlight wezindlela. Inzuzo main uhlala kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa igobolondo efanayo ngoba G36. Kakade 1996, lo mkhaya eselineminyaka Bundeswehr, futhi kushintshwe umkhiqizo wabo. Njengoba onobuhle ukuthekelisa, kuqala elibonakala incwadi E, njengoba kwakunjalo kamuva - V Bakhandwa ifakwe 1.5-nesibaya engaboni designator. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, kukhona esinye isibonelo - HK G36 C, lapho isibambo ethwele indawo Picatinny wesitimela, okwenza bakwazi ukukhweza kuso ngokuphelele zonke izinto kanye namadivayisi, zifane NATO.

ukulwa isicelo

Eyokuqala ukulwa ukusetshenziswa kwezibhamu kwenzeka ngesikhathi kushayisana eKosovo, lapho wathatha ingxenye futhi Bundeswehr. Lokhu kwanika ithuba ukuhlola izikhali e nezimo ezifuze empini, njengokutsho eqinisweni amaJalimane ekulweni akazange iqhaza. Noma kunjalo sokuzingela wazibonakalisa ukulwa okusezingeni eliphezulu ukusebenza yayo, maintainability, ikhono usebenze kunoma iyiphi indawo, futhi waba nokwethenjelwa. Okwamanje, uchungechunge G36 isetshenziswa amabutho aseJalimane e Afghanistan kusukela ngo-2001. Futhi HK G36 isibhamu esasetshenziswa ngesikhathi ukungqubuzana Chechnya, abanye zashaqwa amasosha Russian njengoba Trophies.

Okwamanje, G36 sokuzingela German enkonzweni nge emazweni amaningana - Lithuania, eSpain, e-UK, US Special Forces, Poland, France kanye Albania.

Airsoft kanye nezinye izinhlobo isicelo

Heckler & Koch manje ngenkuthalo kokunikeza izikhali emakethe zomsebenzi. Ikakhulukazi, ukusetshenziswa civil ziye zasungula SL8 isampula, okuyinto yakhelwe kokudubula isibhamu esisodwa kuphela. Futhi kukhona airsoft (G36 - sokuzingela, airsoft okuyinto kuba into kumnandi futhi kulula), kanye nokunye yezemidlalo ukulungiswa ngokuthi "umzali", bonisa ukusebenza ezehlukile kanye nemiphumela.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokungabaza, G36 nokuhlanganisa isibhamu ingenye models ephezulu kwezikhali - kungcono ukukhanya, okuthembekile, elula, zisebenze kahle kakhulu empini futhi kunembile. Kulokhu, it kuvamile impela futhi akuyona imfihlo - G36 - Rifle, isithombe kalula itholakala ku-intanethi noma izincwadi.