Church of Boris futhi Gleb, Kideksha: incazelo, umlando, ubungcweti, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

endaweni Suzdal ubhekwa ezithakazelisa kakhulu izivakashi izindawo ezweni lakithi. Bheka eziningi ezikhangayo ku uVladimir esifundeni nje avele kuzo zonke amakhona Russian inkulu, kodwa futhi abezinye izizwe, ikakhulukazi eYurophu. Lokhu akusona isimanga. Ngemva Suzdal esifundeni Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi umnyuziyamu, abasebenza ngaphansi esibhakabhakeni evulekile. Namuhla, yena liyingxenye "Golden Ring" of Russia.

izindawo ezingcwele

Ensimini ka inombolo Suzdal Amazing amathempeli, amasonto nezindawo zokukhulekela. UVladimir bhishobhi ukuba bangabayiphi, sihlehlela emuva ekhulwini weshumi nantathu. Namuhla, lapho esebenza khona zezindela amabili nesishiyagalombili futhi amasonto ayisithupha. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke lezi abhekwa iSonto Boris futhi Gleb (Kideksha), uDemetriyu kanye kweNyuka Cathedral uVladimir. Seventh Septhemba 2014 uVladimir bhishobhi kugujwa vosmisotletie yayo. Emcimbini wokugubha, eholwa Umbhishobhi omkhulu eMoscow All Russia Kirill, akuzi nje amakholwa ezweni lonke, kodwa futhi izivakashi eziningi. Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo izinto Suzdal esifundeni kwandisa njalo ngonyaka. Zezihambeli ziyafika lapha ukuze ubone lesi "iposikhadi" ekhoneni Russian. Mangisho ukuthi amasonto Suzdal akuzona kuphela edolobheni, kodwa futhi zihlakazeke ngokusebenzisa ezimfundeni olunothile netindzima esifundeni. Omunye wabo iSonto Boris futhi Gleb (Kideksha).

incazelo

It is eyakhelwe amakhilomitha amane ukusuka Suzdal. Kideksha emaphandleni, lapho kukhona lokhu lesikhumbuzo ezingavamile bokwakha, kuyinto lasendulo, Ngaphambi Slavic. Kusobala ngomlomo komfula omncane Kamenka, phakathi emasimini enkulu. Ithempeli lika-Boris futhi Gleb - elinye lamasonto kuqala okuqondene uVladimir-Suzdal itshe elimhlophe izakhiwo. Endaweni lapho Kideksha, Kamenka okuhlanganisiwe ne Nerl - usizo obaluleke kunayo Suzdal esifundeni. Yingakho lapha ekhulwini weshumi nambili ngu Prince Yuri Dolgoruky banquma ukwakha umzana onezivikelo eziqinile. Wayefuna ukuba athathele komfula Suzdal control. Ithempeli lika-Boris futhi Gleb esakhiwe yakhe yokwakha squad Ezenziwe Ngesandla azungeze 1152. Wayezoba lombhishobhi labalulekile eluLwimi yokuhlala kwesikhulu. Igceke yayakhiwe ebhange eliphezulu emfuleni ngesimo inqaba. izakhiwo Ukuvikela abe ubude phezu ikhilomitha elilodwa. Kwakuwuhambo yokuhlala ezinkulu, ngosayizi ufana eMoscow, eyasungulwa Yuriem Dolgorukim. Ngeshwa, abaningi izakhiwo zalo azifinyelelanga kithi.

indaba

Indawo ukwakha igama isonto Borisoglebsk awuzange ekhethwe ithuba. Ngokusho yetinsita kwakukhona umhlangano labafowethu Gleb Boris, kamuva waqaphela njengoba kuqala eRussia abangcwele. Beza lapha ucingo kayise - Prince uVladimir. I "degree yencwadi" kuthi umfula phezu Nerl Kideksha ngasedolobheni Suzdal kwaba isiphetho. Futhi lapha wahlela ukuhlangana Boris futhi Gleb ayeqhamuka izinkomba ezahlukene Kiev ukuba umzali - Prince Red Sun Kamuva, babulawa umfowabo Svyatopolk lwesithathu. Lolusiko isibe isikhathi ukwahlukaniselwa Cathedral induna yenkosana e osanta ezimbili zokuqala Russian.

indaba

Ngo Kideksha usenayo izinsalela izindonga ukuzivikela wale ndawo kwesikhulu. Ngokwemibiko ethile, ibandla uqobo yasungulwa Yuriem Dolgorukim behlonipha amadodana akhe amabili abasebasha - Boris futhi Gleb owayethatha amagama abadumile abavikela abangcwele waseRussia. Kukhona ethuneni omunye wabo. Kwakuphakathi Boris futhi Gleb Church indodana Prince Dolgoruky Sifundazwe futhi Turov Boris Yuryevich, owashona ngo-1159, nomkakhe uMariya indodakazi Euphrosyne.

Phakathi amaMongol ahlasele Kideksha ezilimele kanzima. Kodwa kakade 1239, iSonto Boris futhi Gleb lalungiswa ngayingcwelisa. Ngokwemibiko ethile, ngalesi sikhathi lapho iye yahlela i-altare ezibaziweyo ezimhlophe itshe isithiyo futhi isihlalo.

izakhiwo

Isonto Boris futhi Gleba (Kideksha) akusho ifa kuyikhono ezinjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto esivela, isibonelo, noma Assumption lombhishobhi yangekhulu cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Nokho, ukwenza izinto zibe lula kwenza isakhiwo zikhanga ngokukhethekile amanye United nobuqhawe. Church of Boris futhi Gleb (Kideksha) izakhiwo, okuyinto kakhulu 'wayenokhahlo enemikhuba ", ine ukuma cishe cubic. It has ezintathu enamandla isigamu-amasilinda ophumile Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba. Church of Boris futhi Gleb (Kideksha) cishe elingenalo isigqoko ezibaziweyo. poyasochek kuphela lomgwaqo yayo futhi crenate Amashalofu okubeka elincane ngesikhathi esisodwa wawuhlotshiswe olungaphambili lwesonto emangalisayo elula emhlophe.

Kusukela engxenyeni ngekhulu weshumi nantathu yesibili, waqala kuchithwa ethempelini. Arches nenhloko ukulichitha. Kwakungenxa nje emakhulwini nesithupha-nesikhombisa, iSonto Boris futhi Gleb (Kideksha) lalungiswa. Ngo ezindala zamatshe yayo efanayo ezimhlophe yayisetshenziswa. Nokho, ophahleni hipped kanye ikhanda elincane hhayi ngempela zibonisa ukubukeka zethempeli lasendulo ayenakho ekuqaleni.

ukubukeka

Boris futhi Gleb LamaKatolika lalikhipha eyodwa Dome chetyrehstolpny, trehapsidny. It yakhiwa kahle abaziweyo futhi cishe ezomile quadras labhubhisa high kakhulu itshe elimhlophe. Izindonga izindwani yangaphandle zihlukaniswe ezintathu kocingo engalingani, isilinganiso okuyinto ohlangothini obanzi nangaphezulu. Ngenhla portal entshonalanga uphahlwe lwaleli. Ubukhulu yesonto, ngezabelo Jikelele wayo futhi iningi tesakhiwo, okufaka phakathi iphrofayela izindwani ngendlela emangalisayo eduze isimo Cathedral, ezakhiwe cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo e Pereslavl.

Izici

Izakhiwo Boris futhi Gleb Church, kukhona ukufana okucacile nge art Western Europe, ikakhulukazi Romanesque. Ngokwesibonelo, izici idonsela ukunakekela arkaturny zone ehlukanisa ohlangothini kocingo ku imikhakha emibili. An portal ezithakazelisayo njalo ethembisa kokuba iphrofayela silula nge Amashalofu okubeka ezintathu futhi elihunyushwa ngokuthi kancane phambili Keystone. I-drum kwaba ifakwe ibhande crenate, kufakazelwa isidumbu sakhe esitholakala ngaphansi kophahla ethempelini. On amatshe amaningana wokwakha kungabonwa ncamashí kwesikhulu amakhosi izimpawu.

The ingaphakathi umhlobiso

Yakhelwe in the 1152-m, uBoris futhi Gleb Church (Kideksha) amashumi eminyaka amane uye lahlala hhayi ngesineke. Ngo-1947, abavubukuli bathola izinsalela nemidwebo okuyinto, njengoba abacwaningi bakholelwa, eyakho iminyaka kwekhulu weshumi nambili ayisishiyagalombili. Umdwebo in Kungenzeka, lenziwe phakathi nesikhathi Vsevolod III imiyalo yakhe, futhi lokho kufakazelwa izithombe eziningi zemithi ipharadesi futhi izinyoni, itshe elimhlophe evamile umhlobiso nkathi yakhe, futhi kuyinto ukuhamba kusukela uhlelo lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli. Ibandla ubulunge eqoshiwe kwa niche ekhethekile ukushuba odongeni enyakatho, ilungelo ngaphansi igalari.

ethempelini

Eningizimu lombhishobhi ekupheleni kwekhulu lesikhombisa ubeke Gate Elingcwele, wavula Uzalo lomfula. Ngo 1780-m kuqhathaniswa eduze nethempeli ngaphezulu lasendulo eyakhelwe abandayo "efudumele" isonto Stefanievskuyu, ukukhumbuze kophahla endlini yayo gable. Isakhiwo uqeda belfry. Ngakho, ngo-Ensemble yezakhiwo Kideksha kuhlanganiswe izakhiwo ahlukaniswa ngesikhathi kwamakhulu amahlanu eminyaka, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, emangalisayo organically ezixhunyiwe.

Uma ubheka le eziyinkimbinkimbi phezu ingxenye River Nerl, mina ngokushesha wezwa ukuqonda ezicashile we nokuzwana bemvelo kanye izakhiwo, owawungumnyaka esivela abaklami lasendulo.

Ithempeli lika-Boris futhi Gleb ukuthi bahlola kahle abavubukuli. imivubukulo yamuva Kwakuseshwa 2011. Ibandla zibuyiselwe phansi. Izinto eziningi ezazingaziwa umhlobiso ingaphakathi ziye zatholakala: kumila iconostasis, ingxenye engezansi kwesihlalo sobukhosi, omphalitis. Esikhathini izakhiwo lasendulo kangaka okuthiwa itshe pink, batholakala esitezi. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi iyona Ngokwesibonelo KaMose esiyingqayizivele kunazo ncamashi omphalitis ababenolwazi Boris futhi Gleb Church (Kideksha).

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Master abenza umsebenzi wokwakha ithempeli, Yuri Dolgorukim kwake igxile ezifundweni e-Italy. ERoma, ababenakho ukufunda isiko European yezakhiwo isikhathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaleso sikhathi eRussia okwamanje wasebenza ngetshe zemvelo. Yingakho iBandla ithole Romanesque, ngomoya we-Europe ngekhulu weshumi nambili. umhlobiso kwangaphandle kwaba, nakuba zinesizotha, kodwa ngisho ngakho-ke yayiyisikhulu esikhulu. Ngaphakathi, konke kwakuyize acebile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abavubukuli baye bathola phansi abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-isonto itshe pink - omphalitis. Bekuyindzawo ekhethekile eyaba Bishop, okwenza inkonzo ikakhulukazi onesizotha. Namuhla kidekshskaya Church of Boris futhi Gleb, alotshiwe UNESCO uhlu izikhumbuzo kufakwe uVladimir-Suzdal Museum Reserve.

Izibuyekezo

Abaningi eze Kideksha emzaneni enhle ngokumangalisayo phakathi umzila izivakashi "Golden Ring". Sts ethempelini kuthinta esikalini. Kuyamangalisa ekhulwini weshumi nambili kwaba kude kangakanani ukuba bafeze ukwakhiwa omkhulu omkhulu onjalo. Ubunikazi besonto layo eliyingqayizivele drive izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke ezweni. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi maduze kuzoba iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Into kuphela awunazo - yokupaka ahlomele izimoto, kodwa ukuxazulula le nkinga kuzoba nzima impela, ngoba ibandla alinaso parish nompristi.