Valve Tricuspid: incazelo, isakhiwo, imisebenzi kanye zamehlo atholwe

Kubantu, valve tricuspid kuyadingeka njengoba uyakulondoloza, ukuze ugweme igazi ukunyakaza emuva. Ubekwe umugqa ngokuhlukana we ATRIUM kwesokudla kanye ventricle okuhambisanayo. isakhiwo umphini yakhiwa izingqimba yokuxhuma. Ukwephula umsebenzi wakhe kuyingozi empilweni yomuntu.

isakhiwo

valve Tricuspid, ngokuvumelana ezincwadini zesayensi, obizwa nangokuthi tricuspid. Lapho isiphakamiso inhliziyo, zonke izinqubo zenzeka kanyekanye. Uma ukuvaleka kwenzeka neminyango isikhathi sesiphelele, uma umzimba azizwa kakhulu ekushintsheni isimo. Isimo sezempilo uwohloka kanye, kuba nzima ukuba uphefumule futhi akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuthutha.

valve Tricuspid ivuliwe kwesokunxele sternum. Kuyinto yesimiso ukudonsa ukumpompa igazi. Kuyinto uhlobo cap esivula ngaphansi kwengcindezi wegazi ukhiphe. Lokuvala kungenxa Reflux amabutho uketshezi ngokuzenzakalela ngenxa ingcindezi phezu kobuso amaqabunga.

Ukuvalwa olungaphelele valve tricuspid kwenzeka ngenxa ukuphumula imisipha yenhliziyo uma ingasakwazi ukusebenza kahle. Ngenxa yokwephula we ukuhanjiswa izingcindezi yangaphakathi ziqala ukuyeka nezicubu, okuphumela ekwakhiweni yesifo senhliziyo okusongelayo. Ezinye izifo yilezi abangobhongoza zokugula ezinjalo.

umsebenzi umzimba

valve Tricuspid kuyingxenye uhlelo womuntu kwegazi. Inani elikhulu legazi ivela inhliziyo ku okutholakele-aorta, wadabula kuzo zonke ekhipha igazi liphuma kuma-capillary, ke baxhumana amaseli zihlangana nomoya-mpilo ithola-carbon dioxide. Nale ukugcwaliswa kwenzeka imikhiqizo kwamazinyo kusuka amaminerali kusetshenzwe futhi Micronutrient ibe mnyama. Lokhu egazini sibizwa ngokuthi emithambo yegazi.

Okulandelayo kukhona lokwabiwa kabusha esifundeni yangakwesokudla senhliziyo, ukuhamba phambili kwenzeka kuzo zonke imithambo kwamaphaphu ngoba i-oksijini nokunonophala. valve Tricuspid has angaphezu kwelilodwa kungenzeka ukuvimba reverse zamanje. Kuyadingeka zokwehlukanisa besebenza ndawonye: kwesokunxele, ventricles kwesokudla futhi Atria.

Igazi igcwalisa esifundeni kwesokunxele inhliziyo, bese kusukela ATRIUM ke agelezela ventricle. Ngemva kwalokho kukhona kunyatheliswa kwegazi. Ibuyisa igazi deoxygenated ku ATRIUM kwesokudla, bese ku-ventricle yangakwesokudla, futhi uyaphuma kwegazi emaphashini. Ngemva umjikelezo oxygenation oyibanga iyaphindwa futhi nge ATRIUM kwesokunxele bese ventricle.

valve imisebenzi

Njengoba ohlangothini lwesobunxele futhi kwesokudla inhliziyo ezivumelanisiwe, isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze uvimbele wamanje reverse phakathi kweminyango. Ngemva igazi ukudonsa umjikelezo kwenzeka: kukhona isikhathi iqoqo oketshezini ventricle, kulandelwa ejection enamandla wegazi ku le-aorta. Uhlelo umphini inikeza operation lesifanele:

• Kutholwe endaweni kwesokunxele inhliziyo ubizwa ngokuthi mitral.
• Triskupidalny.
• Valve ku Umthambo yamaphaphu.
• Yomthambo i-aorta njengoba fuse uhlelo ngobukhulu.

Odokotela zisebenzisa ukuzimisela regurgitation, okubonisa into kwegazi flow isiqondiso reverse ngokusebenzisa valve. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, blocker efakwe ohlwini isikhathi ukugcwalisa le mithetho elandelayo:

• valve Mitral ivuliwe ngesikhathi uzotshala igazi kusukela ATRIUM ngakwesokunxele ku-ventricle okuhambisanayo kuphela. Kuvalwa lapho ededelwa uketshezi zanqwabelana ku le-aorta. Isakhiwo umphini we samanje enezinto ezimbili.
• Tricuspid umphini yomthambo i-aorta uvala ukudlula phakathi ATRIUM kwesokudla kanye ventricle okuhambisanayo. Imisebenzi efana mitral. Isakhiwo ine amapheshana amathathu.
• Yamaphaphu ohlobene endaweni ephakathi isiqu yamaphaphu futhi i-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Usebenzela ukuhlanekezela kokuncishiswa samanje isikhathi ukuphumula imisipha yenhliziyo.
• Yomthambo i-aorta ise isiteshi esidayisa ka-ventricle engakwesobunxele. Yena evala backflow igazi elikuyi-aorta ngesikhathi ukuphumula imisipha yenhliziyo. Siqukethe cusps ezintathu semilunar.

Ukuthuthukiswa isifo senhliziyo

valve Tricuspid okuholela ukwakheka igazi regurgitation noma ukubuyisela emuva flow yayo indlela kusukela ATRIUM ukuba i-ventricle. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi systole (ngakwesokudla ventricle isivuno). Ekhululekile esigqokweni ehle ngaphansi kwengcindezi yegazi.

zingase zimiswe isimo esinjalo ngumuntu ukuvaleka mechanical le-aorta. Iziguli ngokuvamile uthole isifo phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwawo. Kodwa zikhona izibonelo of azalwa naso inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini.

pathologies

Ukwephula valve ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukungabi micronutrients emzimbeni, lapho kwabantu futhi kuyaqina kwezicubu, ukudalwa ipuleti valve.
• ukuphazamiseka obusebenzayo valve tricuspid kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhluleka zezitho angomakhelwane zenhliziyo.

Ngenxa yokujama tsi kwegazi emzimbeni kuyinto Ukuvalwa akuphelele we tricuspid inhliziyo valve. Kungaholela umuntu esimweni ukungakwazi. Hypertrophic odongeni atrial ezakhiwe Ukuvuleka komlomo (ukunwetshwa) ka-ventricle yangakwesokudla. Ngakho kwakheka izinqubo amile e imithambo kanye emithanjeni.

Pathology kungatholakala by emizweni yangaphakathi futhi ukuvuvukala ngemithambo entanyeni ngesikhathi ejection wegazi ngokusuka enhliziyweni. ingcindezi emithambo yegazi ngokuvamile lenyuka. Isibindi luyanda kakhulu.

Izimbangela zesifo

Phakathi kwezimbangela ezimisiwe buthakathaka valve tricuspid kukhona okulandelayo:

• syndrome Carcinoid.
• Imiphumela ukuthuthukiswa imfiva rheumatism.
• Endocarditis Lokudabuka ezithathelwanayo.
• umonakalo Mechanical noma ukudabuka of papillary imisipha kuzithinta.
• Umphumela isenzo myocarditis.
• Ngemva zenhliziyo.
• Umphumela uthi osindayo thyrotoxicosis.

izimo azalwa naso ngokuvamile zenzeka kanye nezinye kwezinso kule nokwakheka inhliziyo. Tricuspid umphini stenosis kungaholela isihoxiso isifuba, udokotela kuthola ngu palpation. umsindo ephawulekayo phakathi systole (ejection ngegazi i-ventricle) zivele kuyilapho ukulalela uma zisaphila.

Nokho, umsindo kungatholakala kuphela uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka oyingozi. izimpawu Ngaphansi ezinzima zivame zishiywe. Ukuze ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe liyadingeka cwaningo wezinsimbi kumadivayisi.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Lapho uphethwe kubalulekile nokububula systolic ngesikhathi lapho ephefumula. Lokhu kukhombisa valve tricuspid. Nokho, phawula ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa yini njalo futhi kungenzeka isikhathi esithile zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Ukuze uqinisekise kwangaphambilini uphethwe olwenziwa electrocardiogram.

Kugrafu okuholela ne zokugula waphawula:

• kwesokudla-eksisi kagesi ukuphambuka;
• okwandisa ubukhulu P izinyo (esifubeni lesibili nelesithathu kuholela).

Futhi, kungenziwa X-ray esetshenziswa. Isithombe siveza ventricular dilatation noma ATRIUM. Ngeziphambeko ebonakalayo echocardiography izithombe, okuyinto ukusetha ezinyakazayo okungavamile izindonga inhliziyo. Esikhathini ukuhlaziya isimo lesiguli, cabangela lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ngohlobo Lomuntu Okufanele Ube umsindo, futhi ububanzi zako.
• Ubukhulu wenhliziyo, ngokuvamile lenyuka.
• Ukuba khona yokujama tsi kumibuthano kwegazi.
• Ubukhulu ingcindezi emithambo yegazi.
• Ubukhulu kwesibindi.
• Isimo kwesifuba.
• ingcindezi atrial Right.

isifo ngokomzimba

Ukuvaleka kuvulwa valve libizwa stenosis. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya imfiva ye-rheumatism, kombungu esizalweni, kanye nemiphumela eside lokukhanda. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo kuwukwanda ingcindezi odongeni inhliziyo. Kwandisa ATRIUM. Qala yokujama tsi e isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi.

Ukuze ekwelapheni izimo sibi isifo afeze izenzo izifo. Njengoba kobukhulu yesibili ukuhlinzwa kakade Kunconywa. Valve ziphathwe nommese, umphumela ivame okudingeka awahlanganise ipuleti noma ushiye esikhundleni ezintathu kuphela ezimbili. Ngokwezibalo, mayelana 14% eziguli musa ukusinda ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Kodwa ngisho nangemva yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo isiguli isivele yokuzuza ukukhubazeka. It liyadingeka ukuze ugweme ukuthi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba futhi alandele wokuhlola ngezikhathi ukuze ugweme inchubekelembili kwaleso sifo.