Uyini lengosi? Bala izakhi ezinkulu-Web ekhasini-

Kwenqwaba okuqukethwe ethulwa kwi-inthanethi - kwikhasi leWeb. Lena ngokomlando Uhlobo lokuqala kakhulu kwemibhalo senzelwe ukubekwa e virtual isikhala kunethiwekhi, kodwa ahlale akhona lafanele kanye ne cishe ayinakho nezakhiwo ukuncintisana. Uyini isakhiwo zamakhasi ewebhu? Ngosizo amanye amathuluzi ukuthuthukiswa web they qamba?

Uyini lengosi?

"Bala izakhi esemqoka ye-Web-page" - kusitshela umhloli ekilasini computer science. What singasho ephendula? Okokuqala, acoca ngaloko ikhasi lewebhu ngokomthetho.

Ngokusho olwamukelwa phakathi IT-ongoti definition, idokhumenti yakhelwe ukuvula isimiso esikhethekile - isiphequluli kanye namasistimu oluqukethe idatha ukubonisa esikrinini sekhompyutha ngosizo uhlobo afanele okuqukethwe ehlukahlukene ewusizo - umbhalo, links, izithombe, ividiyo, umculo, kanye .. njll lengosi - idokhumenti umbhalo. idatha Okubhekene isiphequluli kukhona izinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo izakhi Ulimi lemakhaphu - HTML. Kuyinto ngosizo umdali wakhe "kuchaza" ikhasi isiphequluli sewebhu indlela yokubonisa ekuskrini noma okunye okuqukethwe.

Banendawo futhi kuneqhaza abalibambile yamakhasi ewebhu e isakhiwo site

Ingabe singasho ukuthi lengosi - kuba Isakhi esiyinhloko isayithi kuwebhu? Ngokwengxenye lokhu kuyiqiniso. Nokho, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, ikhasi lewebhu - kungcono nje idokhumenti umbhalo. Isayithi, njengoba umthetho, nazo zitholakala izithombe, amavidyo kanye nezinye izakhi multimedia. Amakhasi wewebhu esikhundleni ikani, kodwa isakhiwo ayo, lungaqukatha kubo. Ngakho, ikhasi lewebhu kungenziwa ngokuthi isici esiyinhloko sokulawula website e-isici indima ovelele kule ekutholeni okuqukethwe okubonakalayo kubasebenzisi.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, yebo, idokhumenti okukhulunywa yilona ingxenye kuphela isayithi - uma ngasizathu simbe alinikezi isibonisi ihluzo, isiqophi nezinye izakhi multimedia. Ikakhulukazi, amasayithi sokuqala ngqa - lapho-Web-Amakhasi ngolimi yomdwebo izovela kuphela - lwalungahileli ngokuqukethwe okuhlobene. kuphela umbhalo nezixhumanisi sasiphambi kwamehlo yomsebenzisi.

Umgomo we ukubandakanywa uxhumano

Ngakho, I-Web ekhasini okuthiwa incwadi elotshwe olimini-HTML, okuyothi ngalo yomdwebo uxhumano. Kodwa siyini lesi simo? Uyini uxhumano? Ngaphandle kokuya ngokwengeziwe theory, siphawula ukuthi lo mbhalo, okuyinto ngandlela-thile ivumela ukufinyelela okusheshayo nezinye - kukhulunywa. Encwadini ejwayelekile ukuthi akunakwenzeka - kukhona "umbhalo osobala." Ukuze ufinyelele ikhasi oyifunayo, umfundi kufanele enze ezinye phezulu, ngaphambi kokufunda okuqukethwe noma imibhalo yaphansi. Esikhathini "uxhumano" Imodi, omningi walo msebenzi wenziwa yikhompyutha - ngezithukuthuku Imininingwane kuveziwe embikweni okhuthaza ikhasi le-HTML-izakhi.

Uma uthisha computer science liyasitshela: "Bala izakhi esemqoka ye-Web-ikhasi", thina ngempela kahle ungaqala indaba mayelana izingxenye idokhumenti efanele, okuyinto edalwe usebenzisa yomdwebo-HTML. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala sihlole amanye amaphuzu theory ngokuphathelene-HTML.

Sakhiwo-HTML: tags

enza isiphequluli ofunda idatha ezidingekayo kuwebhu ikhasi le dokhumenti, esihlelwe ngomumo ngolimi-HTML kanjani? elula kakhulu.

izakhi eziyisisekelo zalolo limi - ke amathegi. Ziyakwazi ezimweni eziningi amadoda - unayo i nokuvula nokuvala khona. Eyokuqala kuboniswe engela kubakaki kuphela. Esesibili - okufanayo, kodwa slash ibekwe phambi ubakaki yesibili - / uphawu. Isiphequluli uyakwati kubona kubo, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayikho inkinga ubonisa amakhasi Web ngokuhambisana algorithm okudalwe ngunjiniyela idokhumenti.

Ithegi ukuvulwa ngokuvamile abhalwe izinhlamvu ezinkulu ezimboze - amancane. Lena - indinganiso kahle amiswa medium IT-ongoti. Ngokuqinisekile Browser ukuqaphela HTML-uchofoze yimuphi izincwadi, kodwa Onjiniyela web Kusafanele ulandele imakwe wesifunda lokubhala tags. Lokhu kuzokwenza lula, isibonelo, wokubuyekeza zamakhasi ewebhu ngamanye Ochwepheshe.

izimfanelo

Okunye letigaba letibalulekile teluhlelo solimi HTML - izimfanelo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungumdali okuqukethwe ikhasi lewebhu Ungasetha izakhiwo - ezifana font ukuphakama, umbala walo, isikhundla isihlobo ekhasini. Kungokufanayo uya for izithombe, video kanye nezinye izingxenye multimedia. Izimfanelo zilotshiwe phakathi Ithegi ukuvulwa.

okuqukethwe

Phakathi kuvulwa futhi ithegi ukuvala has izingxenye ezilandelayo ayisihluthulelo ikhasi lewebhu - okuqukethwe. It is, eqinisweni, okuqukethwe efanayo ukuze liboniswe umsebenzisi esikrinini. Lokhu kungaba umbhalo, links, izithombe, amavidiyo, noma ezinye izici multimedia.

zekhasi lewebhu

"Ngakho, uhlu izakhi eziyisisekelo Web-Amakhasi, ekugcineni!" - ephinda uthisha. "Nge ubumnandi," - thina ukuwuphendula. Zihlanganisa yiphi ingxenye isakhiwo yalolu hlobo kwemibhalo? Siyavumelana ukuthi sizobe ukusicabangela lesi sici ku umongo nje zekhasi HTML-web. Okusho ukuthi ukubonisa kusiphequluli - lokho umsebenzisi ubona esikrinini - Thina sinesithakazelo Ngokwezinga eliphansi, bukhona. Iqiniso lokuthi efanele HTML-algorithm lapho uhlelo ubonisa okuqukethwe efanayo ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Futhi lesi sici we-HTML: Ungabonisa isithombe oyifunayo kuwebhu-ikhasi ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ingaba umthombo kokubili okulingana ngokuya ikhasi lewebhu umdali kusho zabasebenzi, futhi bacabanga inani elihlukile isikhathi kanye nemizamo eyisebenzisa.

zekhasi lewebhu: isihloko

izakhi Standard Web-Amakhasi ngokungathi kungase kuzwakale isimanga, unikezwa izinto eziningi ezincane kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - isihloko ingxenye eyinhloko idokhumenti. Nokho, ngamunye wabo angaba akheke kunalokho eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Uyini ngokucacile isihloko? It ikhona uchonywe yekhasi lewebhu. Ngo-HTML-ikhodi, okudala unhlokweni, njengoba umthetho, kulindeleke ukuba "ukubethela" nje umbhalo, kodwa ungakwazi futhi beka faka encane ingcaca, uma kunesidingo, in the isici okuhambisanayo. Futhi, eqinisweni, konke kungathiwani isihloko. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi indima yakhe isakhiwo idokhumenti olufanele azinakwa. Kodwa lokhu akulona icala. UBonakuqala weKhasi leWebhu izihloko zibaluleke kakhulu ngokuya indawo nangenkomba e izinjini - Yandex, i-Google. Lo msuka kumele kube ngokugcwele efanele okuqukethwe ikhasi lewebhu, kanye niche sites imininingwane.

kanjani sekhasi lewebhu kulotshwe usebenzisa ulimi-HTML? elula kakhulu. Okokuqala ebhaliwe ukuvulwa ithegi ukuthi njalo selivela INHLOKO nge engela kubakaki, bese - okuqukethwe unhlokweni, ngemva - ithegi lokuvala. Zilotshiwe Yiqiniso, uchonywe idokhumenti sewebhu.

Iheda idokhumende web ingafaka enanini lama-elementi ezengeziwe. Ngezinye izikhathi format Ikhasi lewebhu-kungadinga isibonisi wombhalo wekhodi ethile. Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi idokhumenti web umbandela? elula kakhulu. Kule ncwadi unhlokweni isakhiwo kufanele ibekwe ku-HTML algorithm enquma isiphequluli ukusebenzisa ethile esephepheni ulimi - ezifana Cyrillic. Imiyalo ezifanele ezibekwe ngaphakathi ithegi META, okuyinto, njengabanye, is ibe ivula ivala.

The main ingxenye yekhasi lewebhu

Ingxenye esemqoka idokhumenti web ivulekile ithegi UMZIMBA, uvala ngosizo element okuhambisanayo ehlanganisa slash. Ngesikhathi esifanayo phakathi ukuvulwa kanye lokuvala tags kungaba omningi eyengeziwe imiyalo uxhumano ulimi yomdwebo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingxenye eyinhloko ke wabeka okuqukethwe ikhasi lewebhu ewusizo - umbhalo, links, izithombe, ividiyo, tinhlobo letehlukene temisho ukugcwalisa.

Ngamunye izinhlobo abafanele wokuqukethwe has ithegi lalo. Ngo ukwakheka engxenyeni eyinhloko idokhumenti webhu kungenzeka khona-HTML umyalo, ngawo ukufometha kombhalo nalo eyenziwa - ngokwesibonelo, enika font color ethize, usayizi kanye nezinye izakhiwo.

Cabanga-ke, uyini ngokucacile kwamanye asetshenziswa ku-HTML tags. Empeleni, nabo yakha izakhi eziyisisekelo ikhasi lewebhu.

HTML Yesisekelo-tags

Ngakho, injongo isifundo eningiliziwe iziphi izakhi Web-Amakhasi, wafunda ngokuningiliziwe lokho okushiwo yinkulumo kwe-HTML-tags. Nye of them we kakade ocashunwe ngenhla - ikakhulukazi labo ngalo isiphequluli ofunda ikhasi izihloko sewebhu futhi inquma okuyinto ingxenye eyinhloko idokhumenti.

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu ezivamile ithegi P. Yena, njengabanye efanayo izakhi uxhumano ulimi yomdwebo, lingavuleka ivaliwe. Le maki ikuvumela ukufometha indzima idokhumenti ezithathwe eceleni. Ungakwazi, isibonelo, ukuze usethe ifonti ethile futhi umbala ngaye. Nokho, lokhu kufezeke usebenzisa i tag ozikhethela - FONT. Kulokhu, it izokwenziwa ngaphakathi isigaba okubhekisele imikhawulo - ngeke ukusabalalisa-HTML umyalo ubonisa uhlobo ifonti ayethanda kwezinye izakhi yekhasi lewebhu.

Nge ITHEBULA ithegi ithebula wadala. Esebenzisa izimfanelo zalo elihambisana lungacacisa inombolo ledzingekako kanye nemigqa ukuthi ukuchaza ububanzi ngokucacile kwemingcele yabo, isayizi nembala lombhalo ithebula wefonti.

IMG tag unesibopho yokusingatha izithombe lesiphequluli. Kungenzeka futhi ukubeka izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene elawula Usayizi isithombe, isikhundla salo ekhasini.

Izixhumanisi namanye amadokhumenti kuwebhu noma amafayela ecacisiwe kusetshenziswa A. ithegi Njengomthetho, zitholakala ngaphakathi izimfanelo ukuthi bamele yokuthi isakhiwo ikhasi lewebhu - isixhumanisi. Liphinde uthi idokhumenti, ifayela noma iwebhusayithi lapho ke kuholela.

Lalikhona ithegi njengoba FRAMESET. Ngalo, ungakwazi bahlukanise isikhala ikhasi lewebhu ezindaweni eziningana - ozimele. In ngamunye kubo ungakwazi ukuthumela izixhumanisi kumadokhumenti web ngabanye. Okungukuthi, ozimele vumela kahle kahle esikrinini efanayo ngesikhathi Amakhasi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Indaba mayelana letigaba letibalulekile teluhlelo Amakhasi wewebhu kanye indaba alandelayo esebenzisa ukufometha usebenzisa i-HTML ulimi - cishe algorithm kuyoba impendulo yethu embuzweni othi sabuza umhloli. Uma ekhuluma kithi, athi, "uhlu izici ezinkulu Web-ikhasi", bese sisebenzisa indlela efanele, sinazo zonke ithuba ukuthuthukisa ingqikithi. Lokho, igama elithi "izakhi" sizwisise izingxenye ezisemqoka izakhiwo idokhumenti lewebhu, noma izinhlobo zokuqukethwe - umbhalo, izithombe, amatafula, ozimele, exhumanisa ukuthi webmaster kudala usebenzisa ithuluzi ezifana nolimi-HTML.

Ngokucacile amathuluzi ukuthuthukiswa web

Ngaphezu okungenhla, singakwazi ukucacisa lokho tags kanye izimfanelo olunikezwa-HTML namazinga - omningi. Ngaphezu kwe-HTML imali eyengeziwe ukufometha imibhalo uxhumano ingasetshenziswa onjiniyela sewebhu. Ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa i-JavaScript scripting kolimi, ungakha-Web ekhasini-ashukumisayo - okungukuthi, lezo okuqukethwe njalo olusha (kokubili ngenxa izenzo umsebenzisi, nangokuhambisana algorithm zangaphambi ebekiwe nezikriphthi).

Kuyoba usizo ukuze ungeze ukuthi umqambi sewebhu Ungasebenzisa emsebenzini wabo agcwele izilimi izinhlelo, ezifana, isibonelo, i-Perl, PHP, Java, i-Python, ngawo abe namathuba ngisho ebanzi ukusebenza imibhalo uxhumano. Isidingo salokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuthi isicelo ubuchwepheshe web namuhla - ezahlukene kakhulu. Imisebenzi ebhekene Onjiniyela yesimanje, kungaba ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuze kuqaliswe ukusebenza Web-Amakhasi translation, ebhalwe ngesiRashiya, ngesiNgisi. Kulokhu, amathuluzi kunjiniyela kuyoba onhlobonhlobo.