Ukufakwa ukwenziwa amabhlogo wokwakha ngezandla zabo. Ukukhiqiza amabhlogo wokwakha

Emabhuloki ekwakha Uyi impahla ezivamile ukuze kwakhiwe izakhiwo izinjongo ezihlukile. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu, izithako, indlela enza, kodwa kuphoqelelwa kwesakhiwo walling impahla. Amabhlogo wokwakha akhiqizwa ezimweni zezimboni, imikhiqizo yasendlini futhi wenze eziphathekako ilahle amabhulokhi, edinga ukufakwa ukwenziwa amabhlogo wokwakha ngezandla zabo. Material womshini mikhiqizo zihlukaniswe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ilahle;
• aphathekako;
• Amabhlogo wokwakha of sawdust;
• ukhonkolo evundile;
• fibropenobetona;
• Polystyrene.

Ilahle amabhulokhi njengoba izinto zokwakha

Shlakoblok libhekisela imikhiqizo esezingeni ngokhonkolo, kodwa kunalokho amatshe esindayo nechobozekile itshe aggregate lisetshenziswe ngendlela udoti slag. Okunjalo impahla esikhundleni odlulisela ukudlala uma ziqhathaniswa eziphathekako ezengeziwe ukwahlukanisa izakhiwo, kusukela ezishisayo conductivity Coefficient slag kahle kusukela Macadam esindayo futhi obukhulu.

ohelezayo amabhlogo ukukhiqizwa inikeza Isikali eqondile yezingxenye ikhambi, okuyilezi:

• brand usimende hhayi ngaphansi kuka-400 noma 500, kuthatha ingxenye eyodwa (ibhakede);
• isihlabathi egodini, ixubene izingxenye 3 (amabhakede);
• slag, isitini wokushiswa, ukhonkolo block, indaba engezwe inani 5 izingxenye (amabhakede);
• amanzi.

Ukuze ilahle amabhulokhi we izinga efanayo kule mboni, usebenzisa ukungaguquguquki medium isixazululo viscous. Grout amabhlogo kuzonciphisa amandla futhi obukhulu kudala voids engalawuliwe phakathi solidification ngaphakathi.

zikasimende

Emabhuloki ekwakha eyenziwe usimende, inhlabathi kanye itshe ochotshoziwe asetshenziswa ukuze kwakhiwe udonga kanye nezinye izinhlaka, uma uthanda amandla anda. Isilinganiso ngenxa yezingxenye ejwayelekile ukhonkolo ethathwe isilinganiso 1: 3: 6, embodiments ukhonkolo ngaphezulu zichazwe izincwadi Builder baqashwe futhi ancike sha kasimende, usayizi aggregate futhi uhlobo isihlabathi.

Emabhuloki ekwakha ka sawdust

Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala, Villas, Cottages usebenzisa ukukhanya efudumele odongeni impahla kusukela sawdust, isihlabathi namanzi. Binder ingxenye kuphuma isixazululo lime. Inani impahla ukungezwa ikhambi kushintsha izakhiwo umkhiqizo wokugcina. Ukwandisa sawdust mass kuholela ukushisa ephakeme nangokuvikela izakhiwo, kodwa kunciphisa amandla. Ngokwandisa ngobungako isihlabathi isixazululo nokwanda amandla, lokhu kwandisa umkhawulo frost, okwandisa ukusebenza komsebenzi. Amabhulokhi kabanzi ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese, njengoba abami for ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa ezakhiwe.

Izinzuzo esemqoka emabhuloki kukhona izinto ukutholakala kanye amanani aphansi, isikhathi eside ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuphula, ubumsulwa kwemvelo ezibonakalayo, kalula ukulungiselela. Ukufakwa ukwenziwa amabhlogo wokwakha ngezandla zabo ukwenza kutholakale ethandwa phakathi amakhosi yasekhaya. Opilkobeton kuyahluka okhushuliwe omiswe isikhathi, ngakho phakathi imikhiqizo ezimbalwa ukwenza ngokusebenzisa imigodi kangcono air eyanele.

Ubukhulu sawdust amabhlogo akusho wawubekela imithetho eqinile, Inkomba yabo ububanzi wathola amaningi odongeni ukujiya. Ekhuluma osayizi ejwayelekile, emabhuloki eyenziwe double ukujiya ngezitini (140mm - 65h2 + 10 cm). Lapho yokukhiqiza sawdust amatshe elixutshwe izithako ezomile kuqala bese wengeza amanzi usebenzisa nodaka.

Evundile amabhlogo wokwakha ukhonkolo

ukulungiselela lwabo ngezinyawo luhlanganisa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi gas ukugcwaliswa yesixazululo, okuyinto ekhaya kunzima zikwazi ukwanda. Emabhuloki ekwakha evundile ukhonkolo kukhona ukukhanya, umsindo omkhulu ubufakazi, ukushisa nangokuvikela izakhiwo.

Fibropenobetona imikhiqizo wokwakha

Fibropenobetona Okokuthola imvelo odongeni impahla, oqukethe ingxenye isihlabathi, Foam kanye usimende. Zobuchwepheshe amabhlogo wokwakha imishini wafutha amagwebu isisindo yesixazululo, it yakha iyunifomu izinhlayiya okuvalelwe isikhala. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla amabhlogo, abakhiqizi ukusebenzisa polyamide fiberglass ukuqinisa kulo lonke mass. Lokhu kwaziswa odongeni okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, engakutholanga kwamazinyo, engasindi futhi iqine.

Blocks fibropenobetona yabo itholakale lobehlukene. Ukuze izindonga kwesakhiwo usebenzisa ubukhulu block 20h30h60 cm, okuyinto ukala 22 kg. Eyokwakha izindonga eyakhiwe ngezitini sinye uzodinga amatshe 18, bayoba nesisindo 72 kg. Blocks of ukushuba ezincane (10 cm) asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni izindonga ezakhiweni, ngodonga, zingabantu izibuya ukushisa namakhaza, izindonga. Fibropenobetona conductivity ezishisayo kunalawo isitini, izikhathi 2.7 esingaphansi ilahle futhi rakushnyaka izikhathi 2.

Elikhulu block osayizi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa usimende-isihlabathi udaka wokwakha saphindwa ngama-20 uma kuqhathaniswa no-ukwakhiwa kwezindonga amatshe amancane naphakathi. Fibropenobetona ayishise lapho zihlatshwa okushisa aphakeme ayishintshi ifomu bese bungakhiphi ukungcola ezilimazayo ngaphansi bafudumale.

Izitini polystyrene

Material kungenye zinhlobo ukukhanyisa ukhonkolo amabhlogo. Kusukela ukhonkolo esezingeni uhluka ukusebenza okuhamba phambili kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Indlela entsha okusetshenziswe odongeni impahla kunamandla ngaphezu kwazo zonke ukhonkolo eyaziwa engasindi ngesisindo, ngisho Foam yayo nzima ngesigamu. Ngenxa yalesi isilinganiso izindlu zakhelwe ngaphandle evamile isisekelo omkhulu, ukusika izindleko zokuhamba impahla.

Ukukhiqizwa polystyrene amabhlogo kuhilela kwakwakhe ngokucophelela usimende, inhlabathi zesandulela polystyrene kanye izithasiselo ekhethekile ukugcina umoya isisindo ingqikithi. Zonke ezinye nezici zabo ezingokomzimba impahla wakubeka notch ngenhla izinto evamile. Okuphansi amanzi ukumuncwa futhi umhwamuko permeability ukwenza penopolistirolbeton saka okokuqandisa okuphindaphindiwe incibilikiswa, othinta UKUQINA izakhiwo kwakhiwa. Ngemva ukwakhiwa izindonga ngezinto ezijwayelekile kukhona ukuncipha kancane ngokuhamba konyaka. Endabeni polystyrene amabhlogo akukho sokulinda.

Ukufakwa ukwenziwa amabhlogo wokwakha ngezandla

Ukuze womshini wokwakha izakhiwo ezisetshenziswa kudivayisi ekhethekile isebenza isimiso vibroprotsessora.

vibrostanok okunjalo noma ithebula isixwayisi yakhiwa ngokuzimela. Ukufakwa ukwenziwa amabhlogo wokwakha, enziwe ngezandla zakhe, kwehlisa izindleko amayunithi, ngokulandelana, futhi izindonga zendlu.

Ukulungiselela yesixazululo

Isixazululo yalungiswa kusuka isihlabathi, usimende, amanzi nosibalo, ezisetshenziswa njengoba izinto ezahlukene njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ukuze uhlole ukungaguquguquki yesixazululo umongozima esincane yabalingisi emhlabathini. Qualitative zibhebhetheka ingxube lwamanzi ageleza lapho onomfutho ku isibhakela ke unamathela ndawonye yinhlama.

shlakoblokov ukukhiqizwa kuhilela obuphelele yokuhlanza slag kusuka doti nezingahlobene nendaba, hhayi obala isixazululo chips, izingcezu amalahle unburned. Ngezinye izikhathi isixazululo usimende ingezwe. Kulokhu izingcezu ezintathu slag kukhona okuxubile no one - Gypsum, amanzi yethulwa kanyekanye. Lolu hlelo esetshenziswa ngokushesha, njengoba olukhonkiwe Uqinisa ngamaminithi. slag Oku ngaphambi kwamanzi batch sifakwe emanzini. Kute kwentiwe ncono izinga umkhiqizo nomkhiqizo okufakiwe isixazululo zamanje ungeze plasticizer. Isenzo sabo kwandisa ukumelana ezibandayo, ukumelana namanzi futhi amandla mechanical emabhuloki.

Kuye injongo ezenziwe ezimbili izinhlobo zikasimende - okuqinile futhi angasho lutho. Eyokuqala isetshenziselwa ukwakha izakhiwo eziqinile, umthwalo esindayo izindonga, izisekelo. Uhlobo amabhlogo yesibili isetshenziswa njengendlela material ukwahlukanisa, ke insulates kahle walling imisindo abandayo kanye nezingahlobene nendaba ka.

Ukukhiqizwa zikasimende ngaphandle vibrotable

Of ubuchwepheshe ezimbili zisebenzisa isikhunta yokhuni ehloselwe esakaza vibration zemvelo kuyikhambi elingenazinkinga uyasijabulela funa nasekufeni. Ikamelo ibhalwe ifomu isixazululo yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana. Ngezinye isitsha sokuqala ligcwele isixazululo eyodwa, bese ngokucophelela umsindo isando izindonga yakha azungezwe ngekhwalithi ukuncipha yesixazululo ukhonkolo. Esikhathini esilandelayo amabili izigaba isixazululo uthele ubuchwepheshe kokuqala ukugcwalisa ifomu. Ukukhiqizwa ekusebentisa emabhuloki ekwakha nge voids kuhlanganisa nokwamukela, lapho kufakwa isixazululo uncured amabhodlela amabili plastic amanzi, okuyinto sikhishiwe ngemva kokuhlela.

Amafomu ushiye izinsuku 2-5 ukuze ome. Khona-ke isuswe ngokucophelela ukusuka egoqekayo isakhiwo amayunithi futhi zibekwe phezu emathileyi ukuze ome. Umshini i shlakoblokov ayidingekile ukuthola nale ndlela enza.

Kusukela amathuluzi kanye namadivayisi ezidingekayo: ngesihlungo ngoba sieving isihlabathi isikhunta isixazululo noma nomkhombe wokuxovela mixer, isando u, ibhakede, ifosholo, a trowel, emathileyi for omiswe.

Indlela yokukhiqiza usebenzisa isixwayisi umshini amayunithi

Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthenge noma inyatheliswe yabo isixwayisi umshini ilahle amabhulokhi. Ifomu ekhethekile metal ogibele indiza mshini, kanye mix ukhonkolo nge yamathebhu we slag is batheleka ke oyedwa ingxenye yesithathu. Ngemva kwalokho ixhunywe isenzo kwethebula isixwayisi amasekhondi kuya ku-20, okukuvumela ukuba asuse isixazululo kuzo zonke air Bubbles ezingadingekile, futhi uthole usimende ukuncipha ezinhle. Isixazululo elachithwa efolomeni kathathu. Blocks asuswe isikhunta kanye indlela yokukhiqiza ngaphandle vibration.

Ilahle block peresushki ukubekezelela kushisa elangeni evulekile, ngakho ezinsukwini hot, ufafaze amanzi embozwe oilcloth noma Cellophane, hhayi ngenkuthalo shabalala umswakama. Kwakheka omisiwe ngokuphelele amabhlogo lwenzuzo obuphathekayo 100% amandla ngosuku 28, bese bakulungele ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni.

Izici ezikhethekile ohelezayo amabhlogo

Isikhunta ekhiqizwa ngokuzimela, ukusebenzisa lo noma ukhuni, ububanzi ibhodi ukuthatha okungenani 190-200 mm. Zabo ezihlanganiswe ukwakhiwa prefabricated, izingxenye ohlangothini zazo bathinteka ukuze kutholakale iyunithi esiphelele. Umklamo usuwonke kuhlanganiswe akukho kuka 6 amaseli laying ukhonkolo. Ukwakhiwa siphelile ogibele impahla aminyene manzi, isibonelo iraba ishidi obumba phansi isikhunta.

Uma indaba for ugodo balolonge akhethiwe, it is pretreated ngu impregnation noma kwenziwa ukwandisa umswakama ukumelana. Amafomu ezenziwe ngokhuni ezomile. Lezi izimo sezigcwalisekile, noma inqubo ukhuni umthofu amanzi, futhi ngeke ushintshe usayizi Jomethri ye block. Usayizi ejwayelekile kwamatshe ezibhekwa 400h200h200 mm, kodwa ngamunye abadayisi nomkhiqizi kwangasese okwenza amayunithi kuyakhiwa yayo.

Ukuze metal-matrix amashidi zithathwa akukho kuka 3-4 mm obukhulu. Lapho Welding izakhiwo zonke welds ukwenza ngaphandle, ukuze ngingasebenzisi elizofinyezwa off amakhona block. Voids ngaphakathi shlakobloka kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izingxenye zensimbi amapayipi of ubukhulu ezifanele, isibonelo 80 mm. Lawula ibanga phakathi amashubhu kanye nokususwa izindonga, emapheshana Ukwakheka ashiselwe ngoba rigidity kanye nenkanuko edlulele.

Uma usukwenzile imishini ukuze womshini amabhlogo wokwakha, lapho ukulungisa isidlidlizi etafuleni ngemva crackdown kubo Welding ngisho kancane ashiselwe. Motor ngempela ivaliwe ikhava zokuzivikela noma iyiphi impahla kusukela isixazululo spray, amanzi, nothuli.

Ukukhiqizwa technology opilkobeton amabhlogo

izinto Iyatholakala ongakayisebenzisi aphathwa ngayo, futhi bangathenga nganoma iyiphi esitolo hardware, ngakho womshini Izitini isihlabathi, lime kanye sawdust uqale masinyane emva yokufuna. Isetshenziselwa ukuxuba mixer isixazululo noma mixer esigqulweni, njengoba ngesandla elixutshwe ukhuni imfucumfucu nzima.

sawdust elomile, badabula ngesihlungo ezinkulu, exutshwe isihlabathi usimende. Ukuze ikhambi, lime noma kuphekwe ubumba inhlama. Ingxube wafakwa elixutshwe kahle bese amanzi kuphela wanezela, ngokuthulula ke kancane izingxenyana ezincane. Ukuze ubone ukuthi ukutholakala isixazululo yayo onomfutho esandleni ke phezu yinhlama kufanele ahlale yeminwe, okubonisa ukuthi olinganise lesifanele.

Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa ikhambi yakha ungqimba ezondile ulwelwesi sawdust. izimbobo Yangaphakathi emabhulokini ingabe usebenzisa Imigudu lokhuni 70-80 mm ubukhulu, zazo ogibele isixazululo-matrix ngaphambi ethela. Emabhuloki ekwakha Material uvalwe sibekwa ku isikhunta, ngokusebenzisa rammer ekhethekile. Umthamo ezigcwele phezulu washiya ukuze ome izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, ikhambi buthola mayelana 40% of the ku-ukudaza inkani.

Amafomu adiliza, kanye amabhlogo asha izinsuku ezine, ngemva kwalokho amandla kuba-70% esikhundleni mkhawulo. Iphele imikhiqizo Pallets nokususa yokukhosela elangeni. Iphele amayunithi ishesha uma ngesikhatsi isitoreji kokushiya amagebe phakathi izihloko. Kungcono ukubeka emathileyi e okusalungiswa noma usebenzise fan ngoba ukushaywa ophoqelelwe.

Opilkobeton amabhlogo yokuthola amandla 100% emva iphele izinyanga 3, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuvunyelwe endaweni angabiki ngenyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, namandla abo 90%.

Imishini kanye nempahla

Ukuze wenze inani elidingekayo emabhuloki ukuze kwakhiwe, uthole umshini ngomumo vibrostructural. ukusebenza okuhle zomkhiqizo ezahlukahlukene TL-105. Yize umthamo salo kW 0.55 kuphela, uveza ngehora, cishe 150 zikasimende ofakwe ezahlukene. Inani layo eseduze emakethe balinganiselwa ku ruble 42.800. abakhiqizi Wanamuhla umshini amathuluzi izinhlobo eziningi imishini ukwenziwa amabhlogo izici ezengeziwe. Amanani for the imishini ezahlukene, futhi izindleko amabhlogo wokwakha kuncike ngqo kuso.

Ukuze uthole encane isakhiwo wangasese vibrostanok efanelekayo 1IKS, kubiza cishe 17 000, amandla - kW 0.15 kuphela, ukhiqiza imishini enjalo amayunithi 30 ngehora. Ukuthenga umshini, acabangele ezingeni zokukhiqiza amayunithi izidingo ukwakhiwa.

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kukhiqizwe amabhlogo wokwakha okuningi yakhe iyoba ulondoloze imali ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla. Intengo izindleko akusho acabangele ngesikhathi iholo elifanayo, ikhokhelwa umsebenzi. Iyunithi izindleko akangeziwe phezulu futhi ukukhiqiza izindleko, izintela nezimali, okwenza izinto zokwakha kuyinto amakhaya eshibhile.