Peat - Iyini? Isizinda, izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa Peat

Kulinganiselwa eqinisekile lososayensi, njengoba namhlanje, zigcine Peat eplanethini yethu ngokulandelana amathani anamakhulu mahlanu bhiliyoni. Ingxenye enkulu bagxila eNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Isizathu salokhu ulula walandisa izimo zezulu, okungukuthi - izinkomba Imvula yonyaka kanye nomswakama. Kulesi sihloko sizogxila yini Peat, kanye izinhlobo zawo, izici kanye nezicelo.

umqondo jikelele

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa amaminerali okuqinile, okuyinto kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-ukukhiqizwa kukawoyela. Kumiswa It is endaweni izimbuku, futhi umphumela ukuminyana mass izakhi ahlukahlukene organic ezingenziwanga ukubola ngokugcwele. Njengomthetho, ukushuba we idiphozithi yanoma Icwele akuyona esingaphansi amathathu ngamasentimitha. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele yokuthi Peat - kuyinto amaminerali, okuyinto ngaphezu kwesigamu siqukethe carbon. Ngaphandle-ke, isakhiwo kuhlanganisa calcium, potassium, phosphorus, okusansimbi, i-nitrogen ne humic acid, yemisipha zemifino. Isayensi yanamuhla ikhomba ezimbili ezinkulu uhlobo lwayo - futhi elisezansi Peat moss.

Izindawo yokusetshenziswa

Izinsalela ezitholakele ukusetshenziswa sasivumela okwandile. Ikakhulukazi, ezolimo ukusetshenziswa Peat exhumene ukukhiqiza Umanyolo evundile, ezisemadolobheni emgwaqweni Ukuvuselela Uhlaza Lwehlathi inqubo, mulching inhlabathi, nokunye. Ngo embonini imfuyo , wayevame uba zokulala emfuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa njengoba uphethiloli kanye ukwenziwa kwamakhambi.

Izici Key

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, izakhiwo eziningi ewusizo Peat avumele ukusetshenziswa kwayo anhlobonhlobo umsebenzi womuntu. Ikakhulu, i-wezinsalela zamandulo ihlinzeka ekwenteni ncono isimo air-amanzi emhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela kwande umkhiqizo wabo nenzalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kumelwe singakhohlwa mayelana ehilelekile ukuthi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa e floriculture noma ukulima kufanele bube, ngaleyo ndlela asuse nobungozi izitshalo eziningi acid. Kuthatha okuyisilinganiso sabangu-cishe iminyaka emithathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ihlinzeka inhlabathi okusezingeni eliphezulu umswakama umthamo Izingxube ezahlukene ekhiqizwa ngesisekelo yalo.

Izinsalela ifeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu emvelweni. Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona kuthiwa zanqwabelana imikhiqizo ye-photosynthesis, carbon emkhathini. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izidakamizwa uba uhlobo isihlungi amanzi zemvelo, ngoba izindawo Peat uvumele ngokuthini ubulungu yayo ezihlukahlukene ukungcola, okuhlanganisa ngisho izinsimbi ezisindayo. Lona umsebenzi walo semvelo.

elisezansi Peat

Eyokuqala ezimbiwa phansi okukhulunywe ngawo ngaphambili has ezingeni eliphansi asidi. Kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene umsoco, okwenza kube i Umanyolo omuhle kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa zalolu hlobo zivamise ekhiqizwa Peat bogs, emfuleni izigodi kwakheka noma eduze unyawo emthambekeni. izakhiwo Its ezuzisayo elihlobene ne-ukugcwaliswa njalo amanzi ngenxa izidumbu ezizungezile yamanzi kanye kwezulu. I wezinsalela zamandulo ayiqondakali ukubola, srednerazlozhivshimsya noma sesibolile kanzima. Lokho inketho lokugcina ubhekwa kuyikhambi elingcono kakhulu zalisa inhlabathi.

ihhashi umbono

Peat - uhlobo kwakhiwa okuyinto ngokusebenzisa yokubola ukotini utshani, uphayini noma sphagnum ngenxa yesenzo imvula. Ezimweni eziningi, kuba uba fuel noma izingxenye abamelwe materials ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa zifudumele zezakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, besebenzisa ngokuvamile kwenziwa semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla. Isici nobuntu kwezinhlobo ukungabi ukubunjwa yayo izinambuzane, Amagciwane kanye imbewu ukhula. Ngokuqondene nalokhu ezimbiwa phansi ngokuvamile atholakala zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ompofu nomsoco kanye ngokwanele omuncu. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa yayo njengendlela nomanyolo for ezimbalwa kuphela izinhlobo zezitshalo.

kumiswa

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kule Peat, akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi oda ukwakheka wezinsalela zamandulo. It kuvela ngenxa ye lilokhu libuna ezitshalweni marshland, okuyinto ke ukubola bedle nobukhosi inani umswakamo nemibandela yokushodelwa umoya. Ingqikithi uba nombala onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma abe abamnyama futhi fibrous e isakhiwo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kuba khona kunoma ingxenye enkulu amanzi.

amapharamitha Key

idiphozi Peat kuyinto lokuhlushwa imvelo ezahlukene kanye nohlobo izingqimba ezibonakalayo, ezingashabalala sise sendawo ethile. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukujula yayo isimo undrained ifinyelela amasentimitha ayisikhombisa, kubhekwa inqolobane umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Peat - a impahla eluhlaza, okuyinto ngesikhathi lasungulwa ozuza okuqukethwe okuhlukile phosphorus, i-nitrogen, potassium namanye amaminerali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali ehlukene kuhluke izinkomba ezifana humification, umlotha nemaphesenti umswakama.

Umqondo humification kusho iphesenti carbon eziqukethwe ukubunjwa Peat futhi evundile nezakhi isisindo sayo ngokuphelele. Uma lesi sibalo angaphansi kwamaphesenti 20, ubuncane deposit lemali wokululazeka lapho egcinwe ku uhla kusuka 20 kuya 35 amaphesenti - Ngokwesilinganiso, kodwa kwezinye - okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngaphansi nomswakama isihlobo Peat kuyisimo umthamo wamanzi e iphesenti Imininingwane mass, futhi ngaphansi ngokuphelele - kwenani elifanayo obonakaliswe amagremu.

Okuqukethwe umlotha kungenye ipharamitha ezibalulekile ephawula Peat. Lokhu value ibonisa isilinganiso iphesenti phakathi okuqukethwe izingxenye amaminerali kanye nenani ndaba ezomile.

Izingozi kanye nezingozi elihlobene ne Peat

Ukuthuthukiswa Peat bogs amanga ingozi ethile. Basuke ngokuyinhloko ezihlobene iqiniso lokuthi inqubo omiswe kungenziwa yashesha ngaphambilini Ukukhetha ugxile-carbon dioxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi bethu baye yezwa imililo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi bebodwa abasoze kuphakama, ngoba zibangelwa yizenzo zabantu, okuhloswe ngaso ukuqeda ka peatlands kanye namaminerali.