Orinoco - umfula eVenezuela

River Venezuela - Orinoco - itholakala eNingizimu Melika ingenye amanzi amahle kakhulu lendawo. Lena emfuleni kuqala ukuthi kwatholakala kuyi-Nguqulo Yezwe. Umculi Enya ngisho abazinikezele kuye ingoma yakhe "Orinoco Flow".

ukutholakala

Columbus kuqala wabona umlomo walo mzimba enhle lamanzi, Ngangicabanga ukuthi ipharadesi. AmaNdiya, ahlala lomfula, wahlangana abangabazi enobungane. Kodwa isiko labo nokokufaka igolide ibizwa ngokuthi "ligolide." Conquistadors wathutha ezijulile endaweni, benethemba lokuthola edolobheni eziyigugu.

Kodwa wayenesihe nemicabango yabo kuphela. Endleleni ye ukukhuthazwa umlomo Orinoco abantu ababefuna igolide ukucekela phansi yonke into esendleleni yawo. Kodwa amaNdiya Warao bakwazi ukusinda futhi namanje lisaphila semifula. Kodwa izinombolo zabo manje seniyisizwe 20,000 kuphela.

emfuleni Indawo

River eColombia Venezuela (Orinoco) kuvela eduze ngasemngceleni weBrazil, eNtabeni Delgado-Chalbaud. River ukugeleza iqala uhambo lwayo ukuze ugema ikhuphuka. Kusukela umthombo (useduze ngasemngceleni weBrazil) ageleza, ngokudlula arc Guiana Highlands, yiyo e-Atlantic Ocean. Orinoco osebenza ku Colombia, njengoba lokhu umzimba amanzi ngesikhathi esifanayo komngcele Venezuela.

Incazelo kwesigubhu

Orinoco River - enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu eNingizimu Melika. Its obuphelele - 2410 km, endaweni okulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi - 880.000 skwele. EVenezuela, kuba% 76,3 kuphela endaweni ngokuphelele. Konke okunye - Colombia. Orinoco kuhlukaniswe ezine anobude obungalingani: elingenhla, ephansi, maphakathi kanye delta.

Le ngxenye engenhla ubude cishe 250 amakhilomitha. Kuyinto emthonjeni ukuze Raudalis de Guaharibos. Indawo sezintaba amanzi ageleza kuyo enyakatho-ntshonalanga.

ingxenye Ephakathi welula cishe 750 amakhilomitha. Eyokuqala 480 km we Orinoco ageleza ohlangothini entshonalanga. Ngalesosikhathi jika enyakatho futhi lidlulisela amanzi eduze komngcele waseColombia.

Engxenyeni engezansi, amakhilomitha abacela enkulungwaneni eside, liqala confluence Puerto Carreño nemifula Meta. Kuyinto kwimfunda evuthiwe. uhamba Water e enyakatho-mpumalanga. Engxenyeni engezansi ophela edolobheni Barrancas.

Delta 200 amakhilomitha ubude, kanye endaweni yayo - 41.000 sq. km, futhi lapho libanzi kakhulu khona-umzila wamanzi yayo ifinyelela 370 km.

Venezuela iyona umfula oyinhloko, kanye nemizila ezokuthutha kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinto imikhumbi evela delta ukuba Ciudad Bolivar. Esikhathini Orinoco aphansi it has amagatsha amaningi futhi yakha i-delta. Imvula ezikhuluphalisiweyo komfula (ikakhulukazi ehlobo). Futhi uma kuqala inkathi eyomile, kubukeka sengathi neketanga amachibi elincane nokuma.

Umsuka emfuleni ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lama-20 abazange ukuphenya. Kuvikelwe amahlathi ayegcwele amanzi, nemingenela, nezimpophoma Rapids. Konke lokhu kube inkimbinkimbi indlela kubacwaningi. Orinoco bamvakashele mikhankaso ezimbili kuphela. Ngokusho izindaba amaNdiya, izizwe ezimbalwa ezincane lasendulo ophilayo emfuleni kuze kube manje. They xwaya ukuxhumana ngaphandle kwezwe, ukuzingela, ukuqoqa izipho bemvelo.

Uma inkathi engenazo izimvula isibonakala, umfula eVenezuela (Orinoco) isuka ezingwini futhi babe imidwebo ebonakalayo zamandulo Arawak iminyaka 3000 edlule. Ngezansi kwesigubhu ligcwala le Lyanos plain. cowboy waseVenezuela laphaya (inzalo ka-abazingeli Indian nezigqila black) zikhiqizelwa izinkomo. Umfula unciphise e Ciudad Bolivar ke odabula kulesi sigodi futhi.

Izikhangibavakashi nezici Orinoco

Emfuleni kukhona isici - Casiquiare emfudlaneni exhumanisa Amazon kanye Orinoco. Kodwa nemingenela yayo - iningi amanzi waseVenezuela. Omunye wabo Angel Falls - waterfall eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Orinoco - Isizinda emfuleni eVenezuela. Igolide abacwaningi asitholanga, kodwa kwezihlabathi itiyela (uwoyela esindayo) atholakele. Ngakho-ke, emfuleni futhi ngokuthi amafutha.

Nezilwane we Orinoco

I imithini emfuleni atholakala giant. Kulesi emanzini iyikhaya omunye ezihuquzelayo eziyivelakancane emhlabeni - i-Orinoco Ingwenya. Umfula iyikhaya ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Abanye bahlala kuphela eduze komlomo. I-Orinoco uhlalwe black Piranha. Kanye inhlanzi, ebizwa ngokuthi Tetra eziyinhloko. Yena isithandwa hobbyists. Futhi lapho kudabuka wangempela izinhlanzi - Rio Negro. On osebeni Orinoco siphile esikhulu sidla amagundane capybaras. Futhi ngo-1800, i-esiyingqayizivele etholakale emfuleni Alexander von Humboldt abomvana.

River Venezuela: i-Orinoco. amaminerali

Ngo-1926, imali ocebile nsimbi kutholakele emfuleni. Kodwa ukukhiqizwa yayo mass uqalwe engxenyeni kwekhulu lama-20 yesibili. Ngo emfuleni inhlabathi abaningi kangaka itiyela Sands, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kwakuyoba lula ukukhonza khona uwoyela.