"Nitroglycerin" kulokho? Isicinganani "nitroglycerin"

Okwamanje, emashalofini ekhemisi nje okuncane ngenani izidakamizwa, okuyinto baqhubeka. izidakamizwa abaningi ungathola, nje kokuba esandleni kadokotela esikhishwe udokotela, kodwa iningi imikhiqizo kusukela ebangeni ithengiswe ngaphandle kobukhona ezinjalo. Ngu izidakamizwa ithengiswe ngokukhululekile osebenza "nitroglycerin". Kusukela lapho-ke kusiza, singafunda kulesi sihloko. Naphezu udumo, ukwelapha kubalulekile ukuthola ngokuqapha.

Ulwazi mayelana nokulungiselela

Nitroglycerin (nitrate iqembu) yashesha isicelo. Sebenzisa yaqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ngemuva kokutholakala Italian Ascanio Sobrero. Ekuqaleni, kwaba ukukhiqizwa iziqhumane.

Ngemva observation eside wezisebenzi izitolo ukwenziwa alufakwa udokotela Merrill baphetha ngokuthi imibhangqwana nitroglycerin nethonya empilweni yomuntu.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, kwatholakala ukuthi imfuyo ingasetshenziswa ngenjongo yokwelapha for ekwelapheni izifo ezithize. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva kokwamukela spasm kungenzeka ukususa izitsha inhliziyo. Lapho imivimbo zazinzima amaconsi ambalwa izidakamizwa ukuba bambophe.

Njengoba nitroglycerin kancane kancane zaqala ukusetshenziswa zokwelapha.

Namuhla, uma ubuza ubani mayelana "nitroglycerin": "Uvela kumuphi kungako kumele isetshenziswe", cishe wonke umuntu uthi ukuthi lubaluleke yinhliziyo. Alikafiki nezinye imithi ezibe ngokushesha ngakho aqede yobuhlungu angina.

Khipha ifomu zomuthi

"Nitroglycerin" akunakubangelwa kuvulwa grand zomhlaba kwemithi, okuyinto zenzeka njalo. Phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwaso, futhi isivele eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-100, futhi akuzange kusungulwe ikhambi aphumelela kakhudlwana "angina pectoris."

Abakhiqizi ukukhiqiza esifika ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi emaphaketheni, kodwa isithako esebenzayo uyefana. Manje Pharmacy ungathola uhla enkulu ngokwanele. "Nitroglycerin" akhiqizwa ngendlela amaphilisi ezidinga ukubekwa ngaphansi kolimi. Lena ifomu kuqala wokukhulula izidakamizwa.

Manje yezemfashini iye abe patch nitroglycerin, okuyinto kwanele anamathele isikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila ukuze ketshezi asebenzayo waqala umsebenzi walo ukuphulukiswa. Ngisho okuthuthukile kuyinto "nitroglycerin-spray". Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke la amalungiselelo aqukethe athi unesimo esifana, izindleko zabo kungaba ayahlukahluka ngempela.

"Nitroglycerin" - mshini wezenzo

Cishe abantu abaningi bazibuze, yini imfihlo kweso esenzweni esinjalo zomuthi isifo senhliziyo. Lonke Impendulo itholakala isimiso okusebenzela kuyo izidakamizwa. Ubuhlungu pectoris angina kuwumphumela i Ukushoda okukhulu oxygen imisipha yenhliziyo. Susa kuphela ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Khulisa ukugeleza oxygen inhliziyo.
2. Nciphisa nobuningi namandla Kufinyeta senhliziyo, ukuze kuncishiswe i-oksijini ukusetshenziswa.

Konke lokhu kungenxa ngempela ukufeza "nitroglycerin". Emva kokuthola ukukhiqizwa yayo ngcono oxide nitric, okuyinto dilates imithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi imisipha yenhliziyo kuyehla inflow wegazi emithambo yegazi, futhi ukuvama Kufinyeta futhi ibutho encishisiwe. Times babesebenze kancane, futhi umoya-mpilo omncane liyadingeka.

Kodwa izidakamizwa "nitroglycerin" kwandisa umoya-mpilo ukuze inhliziyo ngenxa ukunwetshwa izitsha yenhliziyo, futhi lokhu ngokunembile endaweni ischemia, okuholela ekuncipheni okusheshayo angina.

Umthelela imithi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni emva kwamaminithi ambalwa. uya nje ngokushesha ukuxoshwa igazi. Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-40-45 wayesehambile ngeke.

izinkomba

Kunezindlela eziningana izifo lapho kunconywa "nitroglycerin". Isicelo kungadinga yesikhathi esisodwa noma eside. Kungase kuqashelwe phakathi izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• Noma yimuphi kuwukubonakaliswa angina.
• vasospasm coronary, okungase kube nzima ucwaningo endovascular.
• isilethikusebenza, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene isizinda nomfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• ukuhluleka Inhliziyo.

• Ngaphambi imisebenzi neurosurgical Ungasebenzisa "nitroglycerin". Ukusebenzisa yona eyayenziwe ukwehlisa wegazi.
• Spasm kwemithambo yegazi ku retina yeso.
• Dyskinesia ezinye izingxenye isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene.

Udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ungakhetha lowo elula kakhulu kuwe.

Uma ungakwazi ukuthatha "nitroglycerin"?

It kuvela ukuthi umuthi ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela izikhathi nobuhlungu benhliziyo, kodwa futhi ezinye izimo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze kuvikelwe ukuhlasela, uma kufanele umsebenzi ukukhandleka noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo ubuyilindele.

Kuvame ezithathwe iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "angina" lapho senyuka ngezitebhisi ukuba phansi phezulu esakhiweni ezinezitezi eziningi. Kunconywa ngaphambi kokuthatha ke ngomqanso, ikakhulukazi ebusika, isimo sezulu nesithwathwa futhi kunomoya.

Awukwazi umangale uma udokotela nawe nganoma ekuhlaseleni pancreatitis, noma colic biliary ukunquma "nitroglycerin". Recipe ngesiLatini, kodwa kunodokotela kule ekhemisi e amarekhodi anjalo zazi kahle. aphoyintimenti okunjalo zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi umuthi kahle aqede spasm imisipha abushelelezi ipheshana wokugaya ukudla.

Lungisa imithi

Naphezu ukuthandwa okwandayo lokhu izidakamizwa, Kumelwe ukhumbule ukuthi kusenzima izidakamizwa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ukuthathe ngokuvumelana nezimiso ezithile. Kuphela ngale ndlela singakwazi iyobalethela ukulondeka nakanjani.

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi esheshayo indlela yokusiza kuyinto endaweni ithebhulethi ngaphansi kolimi "nitroglycerin". Kusukela ngo emlonyeni eziningi imithambo yegazi, umuthi cishe ngokushesha angena igazi, futhi lapho kufike impumuzo.

Uma unquma ukuthatha iphilisi "nitroglycerin", ke kungcono ukuba uhlale phansi. Ezinye ungenza ikhanda lakho, kayiphothi; futhi ezimweni ezehlukile kuthiwa niphele amandla.

Lapho esegugile, yokwamukela kungcono ukuzivocavoca kule sikhundla lisalele. Ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa ithebhulethi kufanele isinyathelo emva kwamaminithi ambalwa. Uma ubuhlungu akusho uyayekela, ungathatha omunye. Uma ngemva kwemizuzu engu-15 ubuhlungu iqhubeka, kufanele ushayele udokotela, noma ukuthi sivale bese isilethikusebenza.

Uma imithi yakho iKhabhinethi "nitroglycerine" ngesimo amathonsi, bese phakathi ngenxa yobuhlungu benhliziyo kuba Ungabeka 2-4 lehla kwi cube ushukela futhi uyigcine ngaphansi kolimi lwakho kuze ancibilikisa. Ezinye uphathe iconsa ngqo ungene khotha ulimi noma ngisho ne amashubhu bubble.

Ungahlanganyeli ekuziphatheni self-imithi oyinikiwe, ngisho uma ujwayelane "nitroglycerin". Kusukela lapho-ke Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise - obaziyo okuthile, kodwa umthamo okungalungile igcwele nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo "nitroglycerin"

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa uthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Okwamanje, sidale kwamafomu bayakwazi ukuba ne- umphumela zayo zokwelapha ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa. Le mithi ihlanganisa nitroglycerin zeluliwe, isb "Sustak" "Nitrong" "Trinitrolong".

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa kusengaphambili, ayakwazi ukuvimbela ukuvela wokuba kuhlaselwe amahora ambalwa. Ingqikithi asebenzayo - nitroglycerin - isiqala agelezele negazi, ngaleyo ndlela le mithi isikhathi isinyathelo zingaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho engiye yayo yasekuqaleni "umzalwane."

Ngaphezu kwalokhu inzuzo, aziyi kunabayeni ijubane isinyathelo, futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi kuhlasela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungukuthi ibekwe ngaphansi kolimi wageza phansi ngamanzi, ngokulandelana, ngesikhathi esithile emuthini oncibilikile angena igazi.

Ngakho-ke, uma kuhlasela wabanjwa ungaqaphile, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle "nitroglycerin" evamile ngesimo amaphilisi sublingual.

side effects

Noma yimuphi izidakamizwa angahlala akuthola ukusabela ezingezinhle. Basuke ezisohlwini isichasiselo izidakamizwa. Yiqiniso, lokho akusho ukuthi ukusebenza ikakhulukazi kuyabonakala phakathi kwenu, kodwa odinga ukukwazi mayelana nabo.

side effect "nitroglycerin" zingachazwa ngezinqubo lokuthi dilates imithambo yegazi. Faka imiphumela engathandeki ezivamile ezilandelayo:

1. ngamanzi ebusweni futhi umuzwa ovuthayo.
2. Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ngoba izitsha ubuchopho kakhulu ukwandisa futhi pulsate, ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi wenza ubuhlungu eqinile.
3. bebek blood pressure.
4. Tinnitus.
5. Nge kokudla eqinile singenzeka nciphisa, kuze ekuqulekeni.
6. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza kungenzeka ngisho ukukhungatheka ngezinsimbi zesihlalo.
7. Dermatitis.

Long-oyibamba izinhlobo zomuthi kungadala efanayo engemihle. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekwelapheni eside kubo kuqala ukukhiqiza umlutha, imiphumela emibi ngakho "nitroglycerin" futhi izinhlobo zawo is kakhulu ziyancipha noma zinyamalale.

Imvamisa nokushintsha kokudla nokufakwa

Labo ezigulini ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo, ngokuvamile zama ukubekezelela ubuhlungu futhi ungathathi "nitroglycerin". Kodwa-ke akusizi kulesi simo. Uma ukuhlasela akuyona ukuyeka, ubuhlungu kungase kwandise ke ukuqeda kuyoba nzima kakhulu.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ezinye iziguli kungakapheli usuku kungathatha amaphilisi angaphezu kuka-50. Odokotela cabanga umthamo ezimweni ezithile ngempela kunengqondo.

Ososayensi abaningi abenza ucwaningo lokhu izidakamizwa, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo kungase kuholele nomphumela ohlukile - isithuthukisi isiwombe imvamisa namandla.

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi sikwazi ukuthatha "nitroglycerin", impendulo isobala omuhle kuphela, kodwa namanje cha enza it ngaphandle isincomo udokotela kanye ngemithamo ezinkulu.

Izimo

Umkhiqizo ngamunye njalo has uhlu yayo Izimo, ngakho musa ugijimele ekhemisi ithenge imithi ngaphandle kadokotela.

"Nitroglycerin" akunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwaso nakanjani contraindicated e lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• Umfutho ophansi wegazi.
• Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi.
• Acute isilethikusebenza.
• izinkinga kwegazi.
• edema yamaphaphu.
• I-glaucoma.
• Utshwala ukudakwa.
• Stroke.
• Inhliziyo yayo yayinezinkinga ezicini.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• izinkinga zendlala yegilo.
• Sezinso futhi yokwehluleka kwesibindi.

Ungathathi "nitroglycerine" uma kwenzeka ukuthi zelashelwa izidakamizwa "sildenafil".

Uma kwenzeke ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, futhi uma emlandweni wakho reception "nitroglycerin" contraindicated, kungcono ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthi imithi ungathatha kuleli cala.

Kahle ibekezelelwe "nitroglycerin"

Abanye imithi ngemva kokwamukela ebukhali nokuzwakala ikhanda, isiyezi, futhi baqala ukukholelwa ukuthi nje zehlukile izidakamizwa. Kodwa lokhu kungenxa vasodilating yayo senzo. umthamo okuphindiwe lokhu kungase kungenzeki noma izimpawu ngeke azibonakali ngaphezulu ngobumnene.

Uma ngaso sonke isikhathi i-reception ungazizwa kahle, ukuzwisa ubuhlungu okunzima ekhanda, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela zibheke ekusebenziseni leli thuluzi.

Nge ukuhlaselwa njalo angina pectoris izidakamizwa wedwa ukukusindisa ngesikhathi esibucayi kanjalo hhayi ngokushesha izimpawu zokuqala side effects ukuyeka. Zama ukunciphisa umthamo kanye ukuxoxa ngalesi simo nodokotela wakho.

izimo isitoreji

Ngemva ukuthengwa yimuphi izidakamizwa kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuthatha ngokuhambisana imiyalelo noma izincomo udokotela, kodwa futhi ukugcina ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. "Nitroglycerin" ayikwazi erobhothini. Ngu isenzo sakhe, washeshe iqala sokudiliza, into efanayo kwenzekani endaweni efudumele.

Ukuze ugweme lokhu, umuthi kufanele agcinwe kule esiqandisini. Uma udokotela okunqunyiwe "nitroglycerin" (iresiphi e-Latin), kuzodingeka okwanele imiyalo eze nalo. Kuyo ungafunda mayelana nazo zonke izimfuneko USB.

Iziqondiso kungabonwa enjalo into incoma ukuthi ugcine "nitroglycerin" iphakethe, okuyinto wathengisa. Lokhu zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi bubble noboya ziphathwe Ukwakheka ekhethekile, okuyinto buyasiza ekulondolozeni izakhiwo izidakamizwa.

Uma uncork isembozo, "nitroglycerin" futhi kuhambisana nazo zonke izimo wesitoreji ayikwazi ukuhlale sibonisa izimfanelo zalo zokwelapha isikhathi eside. Kakade emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa esebenza yayo lehla-30%. Kule ndaba, capsule uzinze ngokwengeziwe.

Uma usebenzisa lezi izidakamizwa njalo ngokwanele, kuba tablet ngempela efanelekayo, futhi uma kubonakala kungcono kakhulu ukuthenga isifutho has a ukuphila eshalofini eside.

Uma ungafuni ukuthatha endleleni nge umfuma noma isembozo amaphilisi, futhi unquma izingcezu ezimbalwa zihambisana napkin wakufaka esikhwameni sakho, awukwazi ngisho zama, emva imithi ezokuthutha ngeke kukusize.

Amathiphu namasu reception

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iningi lethu liyazi ukuthi yini "i-nitroglycerin", okuyindawo kuyasiza ukuba ephephile waphinda ukukhumbuza ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwalo:

1. Ningadakwa uyesaba ubuhlungu bekhanda ngemuva kokuthatha izidakamizwa, kuthiwa ukuthi izidakamizwa iqala umsebenzi wayo. Abambalwa amasu imizwa enjalo ayisekho ukukuhlupha.
2. Uma uhlushwa angina, i- "nitroglycerin" Ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele kutholakale kalula.
3. Lapho isifo senhliziyo efiselekayo hhayi ukusebenzisa amaphilisi ziqukethe isixazululo uwoyela okuyinto eside ugxile.
4. Uma uthatha imithi isikhathi eside, umphumela ubizwa sanciphisa kangcono, ngakho udinga ukuthatha ikhefu.
5. Ephambi kwezinduna izifo esweni ukuthatha "nitroglycerin" imele ngokukhulu ukucophelela.
6. Lapho encishisiwe ingcindezi kokuthatha lesi imithi engcono uyephuza, kungenjalo angawa ngisho ngaphezulu, futhi Umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi.

Umthelela ngokuyisimangaliso "nitroglycerin" Akungabazeki, akumangalisi ukuthi eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-100, ososayensi ayikwazanga usungula izidakamizwa aphumelela kakhudlwana angina pectoris. Kodwa naphezu kwazo zonke lokhu, ukuthatha umsebenzi kufanele kube ngokuqinile ngeseluleko udokotela ngayo yonke imithamo, ngakho abangele umonakalo empilweni yabo.