Imikhiqizo ezenziwe papier-Mache bayazazi eziningi kusukela eseyingane. Kukangaki izingane ziyizisulu izithelo "mbumbulu" wenza kulokhu kwaziswa futhi ngokucophelela aliveza nezitsha e canteens, amahhotela, boarding izindlu. Abazali kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukuchaza umntwana ukuthi kuba apula amahle kunganambitheki ngokuphelele futhi ukhonza njengesisebenzi umhlobiso. Lokhu kumane nje kuyisibonelo esisodwa ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa izinto ezinjalo etholakalayo.
Indlela yokwenza papier-Mache ngezandla zabo?
Lokhu kwaziswa siqukethe ingcina (PVA glue, lodonga noma ezinye) nephepha (noma ngokuphelele, njengoba newsprint kanye yangasese ophela). Futhi ukwakha ikhaya papier-Mache yobuciko ngezindlela ezimbili. Eyokuqala ihilela ukuhlela ukuthola mass homogeneous ngokuchotshozwa iphepha futhi ekushoniseni ke kokokunamathisela. Esesibili - a emapheshana nokunamathisela lephepha (iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, njll ...) Of imikhiqizo siphelile (imifanekiso, amapuleti, izinkomishi, isitsha sezimbali) kuya phambili ukwakha design esiyingqayizivele. Kokubili izindlela lokuqala nelesibili zimumethe upende okwalandela lokunameka into okuholela. Ezimweni eziningi, acrylic, kodwa kungase kube nezinye embodiments, isibonelo, gouache.
Ubuchwepheshe yokudala papier-Mache
Indlela yokwenza mass homogenous glue nephepha, abantu abaningi khumbula kusuka ebuntwaneni (zobuciko Soviet, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, kanye nezikole zamabanga ukufundisa art). Iphepha (isib iphepha) kufanele unikezwe ukugqekeza izingcezu ezincane bese wengeza amanzi. Uma kungenzeka, it is abilisiwe for isigamu sehora on ukushisa low. Kungenjalo, shiya zigcwala ihora nesigamu. Ungqimba ke indlela uxove izandla zakhe, uzama ukufeza homogeneity esiphezulu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amagilavu yezokwelapha akhiwe ngerabha ezacile, kanye ngoba iphephandaba kanye ingcina nomthelela isikhumba. Indaphundaphu okuholela amuncekela. Lokhu kungenziwa ngesandla noma usebenzise strainer. Bese kancane kancane wanezela glue, ukuthola into efana a inhlama. Lapho nje lo mass iba lithambe, kungaba kubhekwe ngomumo impahla eluhlaza for Paper Mache.
Njengoba imfashini engalweni noma umgexo?
Emva kokuthola impahla, ungakha imikhiqizo silula. Beginners abangamalungu amasha kulo ubuchwepheshe, kutuswa ukuqala into elula. Kungenzeka Christmas imihlobiso ezenziwe papier-Mache (ukwenza ibhola elula), isongo noma umgexo. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, ibhola lokuqala Rolls aphume papier-Mache usayizi edingekayo. Khona-ke, lapho inombolo ezanele wabo uzobe oluqanjwe inaliti ukwenza ngokusebenzisa imigodi umugqa washiya ukuze ome. Wokugcina, isigaba ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ubucwebe - Umbala yayo. Ubuhlalu ungavele ukumboza umbala owodwa noma nge ibhulashi mncane ukupenda kubo izimbali, izinkanyezi, abanye ethakazelisayo. Konke kuncike ikhono kanye Imicabango umlobi. Ngemuva omiswe, bona azixhunywe emgqeni futhi, kuye ngokuthi ubude bayo, uzothola ubuhlalu noma isongo eyenziwe papier-Mache.
Indlela isitsha?
Ngokuvamile, ekwenzeni izinto esetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ezahlukene. Izithako ezidingayo ziyafana: i-glue, iphepha (iphepha nasebubini ezimhlophe, isibonelo, iphepha kufunwe, cishe ngo izinombolo alinganayo), kanye upende, kodwa isenzo uyodinga enye indlela. Kudinga ucwecwe ezengeziwe ngobumba, okuyinto wanamathela uzothola impatho efanayo papier-Mache. Asebenza kanjani la vesch? elula kakhulu. iphepha Okokuqala izinyembezi tikwele letincane (2x2 noma 3x3 cm). Scissors ukusetshenziswa is hhayi Kunconywa ngoba emaphethelweni engalingani ukunikeza umngcele ongabonakali phakathi kwezingcezu. Khona-ke efanayo ukusuthiswa iphepha elimhlophe. Kwenye indishi noma esosweni wathela glue, ukwenza kube lula ukuba agcobhoze izingcezu kuwo. Plate kumele agcotshisiwe ngento ngokugqamile ukuze kube lula ukuhlala ngokwahlukana umkhiqizo wakhe esiphelele. Futhi ke ethe njo ungqimba iphephandaba izingcezu, ekushoniseni kubo ngamunye glue. Kufanele kwenziwe ukuze banamathele kahle komunye nomunye, ukwakha ebusweni iyunifomu. Uma wonke plate ethe njo phezu isimiso esifanayo lisetshenzisiwe iphepha elimhlophe. Ngakho, kushintshana izingqimba, kusetshenziswe kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya 10. Ngemva kwalokho dish ukuze ome. Ngokuvamile, kuthatha cishe usuku.
Uma uyikha phezulu le omisa unamathisele 4-5 zamatshe iphepha elimhlophe ukuze adabula kulo, iphephandaba saphela ingabonwa. Ngemva olunye usuku, ipuleti Ceramic sisuswa futhi umkhiqizo osuphelile namathisela phezu ohlangothini engezansi ngisho enezingxenye eziningana iphepha elimhlophe. Ngemva kwamahora angu-24, kungenzeka ukuqala powdering ke mshini usuphothuliwe. Uma wayefisa, ipuleti kungenzeka camera nge ukuvenisha esobala, okuzokwenza kube iphethini namandla futhi aphikelela.
Buso eyenziwe papier-Mache
Kunenye isikhumbuzo ezidumile le nto. Buso ngokuvamile zakhiwa ezicucwini zamaphepha, kodwa kungenzeka ukuba isikhunta of mass preformed. ukukhiqizwa yabo kubhekwa nzima than dalo ubuhlalu noma amapuleti. Ngakho uthole ukusebenza, engenalo nelincane ulwazi, hhayi zinkulu. Uma buso ihlelelwe ukuba sculpt papier-Mache (njengoba ukwenza yilona kanye uqobo, oluchazwe ngenhla), kodwa opende bakhe kungadingeki lutho olunye. Kulokhu, mane nje enikela kumelwe uyinike ukuma ofiselekayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu kulula ukwenza, ungasebenzisa dummy noma isicelo papier-Mache ngqo ebusweni bomuntu, ezigcotshwe ukhilimu. The Mask isiqediwe futhi ukupenda omisiwe upende acrylic ngokuthanda kwabo. Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe izimbobo zamehlo. Uma kudingeka, ezingelapheka ehhovisi ummese ngokuphelele ngemva iphele.
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ezicucwini zamaphepha, kuyatuseka ukuba pre-uyihlanganise substrate, isibonelo ngobumba. Kufanele kube ukunamathisela ephepheni, efana ipuleti. Hlanza plasticine isisekelo kangcono ngemva uDries buso. Ngakho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, hhayi njengesixuku nje isikhumbuzo, nge zombili ukwenza izimbobo ezincane ezingasetshenziswa ke bufakwe makhasethi noma band zenjoloba.
Izinombolo eyenziwe papier-Mache
eziyizikhumbuzo ezinjalo zivame atholakala okukhethekile ezitolo. Kodwa uma ufuna isilwane izibalo, izinhlamvu wasenganekwaneni, onodoli, izimbali noma izithelo, ungakha futhi ube ngumnikazi. Uma isipho esincane, ngokuvamile olubunjiwe kusukela mass iphepha ingcina. Uma lezinto emikhulu, isakhiwo prefabricated ukuthi phezulu izingcezu camera lephepha. Ethandwa kakhulu amaholidi kaKhisimusi kukhona izibalo isilwane kuphawu konyaka ozayo. Lokhu udrako, inyoka noma ihhashi eyenziwe papier-Mache. Ngokungangabazeki, ukwakha silwane, udinga ithalente namakhono athile. Akukhona nje ubuhlalu noma amapuleti. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isifiso eyodwa kuphela, ukwakha fun (kodwa hhayi kakhulu afana real) zilwanyana ngiwunike kothandekayo. Ukwenza kube sizinze kakhulu futhi enamandla, ungakwazi okokuqala yenza luhlaka eyenziwe ucingo. Futhi kuphela bese unamathela nxazonke iphepha lakhe uginindela nihlobise.
Indlela ukugcina umkhiqizo aphume papier-Mache?
Kuyaziwa ukuthi iphepha - Material cranky. It kalula ahlahlele ngaphansi isenzo umswakama, ungashintsha izakhiwo yayo lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu noma eliphansi futhi elangeni, kuyinto oluvuthayo kakhulu. Ukwazi indlela yokwenza papier-Mache (iphepha noma izingcezu okuphekiwe exutshwe glue isisindo), kuyaqondakala, futhi kanjani ukugcina umkhiqizo. Akungatshazwa, futhi lezo nopende, kanye nezinhlaka zezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa emsebenzini, okwenza kube okuhlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa, papier-Mache, efana iphepha plain, besaba dampness. Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizo kufanele agcinwe kuphela endaweni eyomile. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukugwema okushisa aphansi kakhulu futhi eliphezulu kakhulu futhi amalangabi evulekile eduze. Uma agcinwe kahle imifanekiso yezinto zokudlala, izitsha nezinye zibalo zingase ukujabulisa umnikazi iminyaka eminingi.
Kanjani ukwenza izinto okuhlala isikhathi eside?
Professionals ezikhiqiza izibalo ukudayiswa, abazama aqinise kakhulu futhi amelana iziphi izici zangaphandle. Ngenxa yalesi zangaphambi ukudala Uhlaka eqinile nakho ngeke kusize eyenziwe wire noma ezinye izinto. Ungengeza futhi kancane isisindo kasimende noma Gypsum. Ekugcineni, kuvela hhayi ngempela papier-Mache, kodwa ngempela isikhathi eside futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa impahla. Yilokho nje ukusebenza naye ngokuqinisekile kufanele bagqoke amagilavu.
Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ngobuciko zezingane
Izingane ubudala zasenkulisa guys amadala kakhulu othanda Siwohloza okuthile ngezandla zakhe. Kutfutfukisa lizinga amakhono zokudala futhi eba motor finger. Ngokuvamile, njengoba udaka kwempahla esetshenziswa noma ubumba. Kodwa papier-Mache akuyona sibi kakhulu. Phela, kungcono impahla yemvelo ngokuphelele futhi ephephile (ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ngesisekelo glue), abathanda ukusebenza nezingane zanoma iyiphi iminyaka. Yiqiniso, okuningi okuhle kunakho ngokulungiselela umuntu kusuka abadala. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuba ambumbe konke kuhlangene, kusukela phezulu kokuncane kunakho konke kuya abafundi esikoleni esiphakeme.
Amathiphu ambalwa Wabasaqalayo
Kulabo abaye khenge kule nqubo, kodwa ofuna ukuzama isandla sakhe lesi siqondiso, kubalulekile ukuba uqonde ezinye zezindima ezicashile. Okokuqala, mayelana izinto. Paper, esetshenziswa ukwenza papier-Mache, kungaba noma ikuphi, kodwa kuyatuseka kakhulu ukwenza kube okuhle cwilisa. Clay okungcono kakhulu esinakho iwukusebenzisa yemvelo (unamathisele noma PVA) ngokwayo nenqwaba umkhiqizo futhi yaba nobuthi. Cover umkhiqizo osuphelile iyona engcono acrylic upende, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje isikhathi eside kunazo zonke. Uma sikhuluma lokusungula zezingane, kungcono ukuthatha gouache. Ukuthola noma omunye aklame sasinamandla, sebenzisa luhlaka wire. Gouache ebusweni fixed ukuvenisha.
Futhi ningadikibali uma umzamo wokuqala akusho ukukhiqiza bobunjwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kungcono ukuqala into elula, kodwa njengoba isikhathi sihamba nakho bonke: dolls nezilwane kancane, nezinye izibalo.