Ihange dowels: izinhlobo, izicelo, GOST

Njengamanje azikho ukwakhiwa noma ukulungiswa ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa iziqobosho ezifana ihange dowel. Le ngxenye metal okuyinto osontekile, wabeka noma okhandwe ngesando emgodini lelungiselelwe ngendlela eqinile.

Lezi iziqobosho kukhona okuningi ingxenye emsebenzini wokwakha nokulungisa, ezifana izinzipho noma ngezikulufo. Imakethe igcwele izinhlobo ezahlukene izingxenye ezifana. Kuyini ihange, okuyinto zinhlobo kuba futhi kuphi isicelo?

Umlando omncane

ihange Okokuqala ihange yasungulwa futhi lobunikazi by unjiniyela D. Rawlings ngo-1913. Futhi ngo-1958, umlingani wakhe German Artur Fisher yasungulwa inayiloni emikhonweni ngoba iziqobosho ezinjalo. Ngaphambi kwalokho wasebenzisa lokhuni "Chopyk".

Kuyini umdlalo?

I ihange lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu German ngokuthi "ihange." Lo msuka yasibamba, esiklanyelwe ubamba noma iliphi imiklamo e base ukwesekwa. Ukubeka sezikhonkwane emhlabathini kwenzeka ngenxa ukunwetshwa ezingxenyeni yangaphandle, by ezimazombe noma odla therein dowels noma imishudo. izakhi ezinjalo ziwubufakazi onokwethenjelwa high uxhumano. Bayakwazi ukwenza umthwalo pretty big.

I ihange dowel (GOST 28778-90) yakhiwa izingxenye ezimbili. Lokhu spacer noma spacer izingcezu. Eyokuqala isebenza. It ikhulisa ngesikhathi wokufaka noma zisondelene kanjalo kuqinisekisa yasibamba okuthembekile. Futhi ihange dowel has a cuff evimbela ukucwiliswa emgodini. Kungaba countersunk, ukuze abe ehlukene umumo: round noma cylindrical.

Izinhlobo kanye nokubekwa ngezigaba amahange

iziqobosho okubambelela kuhluke injongo, uhlobo ukufakwa, yokukhiqiza izinto. Ukwahlukaniswa silula. Ngakho, okuhloswe ihange Imigudu zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili. Okokuqala - lokhu aphoyintimenti ngesisekelo:

• Ukuze ishidi izinto (ipulangwe, OSB, GCR, chipboard). dowels okunjalo eyaziwa ngokuthi "izimvemvane" ngenxa isimo sabo ehlukile. lwemidlalo okunjalo okubambelela efanelekayo lokukhuphula ukukhanya imiklamo ezindongeni eziyize. Ukuze kokungathembeki ka ezakhiwe asindayo ishidi izinto kufanele asebenzise yesikebhe nge ngentambo zangaphandle. izakhi Active okokusonteka ku amashidi GCR futhi eminye ngokuphephile ubamba noma isiphi isakhiwo.
• Ukuze lezisekelo ezinezimbobo noma amaselula. Lawa isitini eziyize, vimba eziyize, igwebu, njll .. Lezi dowels zakhiwe ezithambile impahla plastic. Banesimiso ingxenye side of the spacer.
• Ukuze izinto corpulent obukhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa ukhonkolo, isitini, itshe nokunye. N. Izinhlobo iziqobosho for isizinda esinjalo zingenziwa kokubili kusuka metal nokusuka plastic. Banezinhliziyo eside, hhayi ingxenye spacer.

Ngokuphathelene inhloso ukusetshenziswa, ngaphakathi accordance nga it, ifenisha elingalodwa, Uhlaka kanye olungaphambili lwesonto dowels. izakhi Ikakhulukazi ephawulekayo yokuba ukushisa ukwahlukanisa izinto, abakhi wonke amagama anzima zabizwa ngokuthi "amakhowe". Lezi zinhlobo iziqobosho zenziwa plastic. Banezinhliziyo isigqoko, eklanyelwe ukuxhuma amabhodi ukwahlukanisa ukuze substrate. Front futhi Uhlaka Imigudu kuthiwa side, hhayi ingxenye spacer. Ziklanyelwe lokukhuphula kwezakhiwo esindayo. Kuthunyelwe, ngokuvamile metal.

mathiriyeli Ukwakhiwa

Esikhathini ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa dowels okubambelela lingasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene izinto. Kodwa ngokuvamile steel noma ezinye Alloys, futhi Plastics (inayiloni, polypropylene, njll). Njengomthetho, insimbi dowel ihange isetshenziswa lokukhuphula imiklamo esindayo, ezoqhubeka sidedele. Kungaba ifasitela, umnyango noma izakhi olungaphambili lwesonto izinhlelo, kanye izakhi ezihlukahlukene design. Steel amahange asetshenziselwa ukulungisa izakhi kwesisekelo. Yakhiwa ingxubevange steel futhi zingamelana imithwalo esindayo.

Plastic ihange dowels asetshenziselwa obandayo imiklamo elula. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene lezinto kusukela iphrofayela GCR. Ihange nge inayiloni plugs ufumene niche yabo imvelo yasekhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, asetshenziselwa yasibamba zalapho nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene decor, imidwebo, izintambo nelineni nezintambo. Ngo iziqobosho ezinjalo cap indawo izingwegwe, izindandatho nezinye izakhi ngenxa yezizathu ezehlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo plugs plastic asetshenziselwa elisekela eziyize noma amaselula.

Izinhlobo amahange ngohlobo ukufakwa

Zihluke:

1. Mortgage. Ihange iziqobosho, okuyinto yakhelwe imithwalo esindayo. Aboshelwe lozimele ibhilidi noma udonga e inqubo ukwakhiwa yayo.
2. Spacer. Ukubeka inhlangano metal, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi yakhelwe imithwalo esindayo. Okudumile e ukwakhiwa, saqeda kanye umsebenzi wokulungisa. Egibele ngenxa friction amabutho elisungulwe element ukwakhiwa (emikhonweni noma circlip) okuncane ukunyakaza Translational kwebhowudu.
3. Wedge. Kuvikela izingxenye kuya base. It has a induku lensimbi elinezinhlangothi spacer ingxenye: emikhonweni, taper shank kanye nut.
4. Beka. Ngo dowels babesebenzisa isipikili nge namantombazane ekhethekile, okuyinto ukuvimbela ukubuya ophumayo wakhe.
5. Uzimele. ihange okunjalo dowel isetshenziselwa kunenze nisondelane plastic kanye ezenziwe ngokhuni. Lokhu lwemidlalo ukukhanya nge mkhakha okhethekile samuntu inhloko, evumela nokulingana isakhiwo support nge isizinda.

Through-obandayo indlela

Le ndlela kufanelekile ukulungisa timphawu tesakhiwo lapho ihange sidlula "umzimba" izinto dockable. Imininingwane ye le nqubo kumele kube ezincane (short) ingxenye spacer. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukufakwa pass-nge kumele athobele imithetho ehambisana ngqo nensiza. Ihange ipulaki kumelwe libe lide ngokwanele ukuba 2/3 kuyinto ezansi, futhi 1/3 - e isakhiwo umzimba. Kungenjalo, indlela enjalo kuyinto ukufakwa ukungasebenzi kahle.

Olwandulelayo indlela obandayo

Lokhu samuntu kuhilela plug kokungathembeki ku base iyunithi phezu kwawo wonke obuphelele. Ukufakwa iziqobosho eyenziwe izimbobo pre-yamba. Ubukhulu bayo kuyakuba ububanzi we dowel. Ubude - 3-5 mm eside. Lokhu wekhasi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthuli chips, imiswe phakathi neminyaka imbobo imishini okuyinto, akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa ukucwiliswa ngokuphelele Imigudu kuwo.