Geography. Yini ehlukanisa inhlabathi edwaleni?

Uyini enhlabathini nasemifantwini yamadwala? Kuyini nokubaluleka kwazo ngokwemvelo futhi ukuthi lihluke kanjani edwaleni inhlabathi, ukufunda lesi sihloko.

Uhlolojikelele

Kuze phendla umehluko inhlabathi edwaleni, kufanele wazi incazelo kokubili. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukwakheka inhlabathi livela idwala, phakathi kwabo kukhona umehluko qualitative kuphakamisa ukuthi lokhu zihlukile umzimba ngendlela engokwemvelo.

Yini ehlukanisa inhlabathi edwaleni? Ngokusho kwelinye imiqondo kusobala ukuthi inhlabathi kumiswa kungenzeka ogwini, egwadle wonakele okungukuthi, nomaphi edwaleni iza mbeni eziphilayo. Ngenxa yalesi umqondo ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwenhlabathi kanye uqweqwe weathering kuyinto kwakuthiwa kungenzeka, kodwa umkhuba zikhona nobunzima.

Inhlabathi: The izindawo eziyinhloko

Inhlabathi umzimba wemvelo futhi onezici ezithile lokuhlonza. I morphological ezisemqoka ezisetshenzisiwe. Inhlabathi iyahluka kwenye idwala okuzala. Le yindawo lapho lwemisuka nezinto ezincane eziphilayo bukhoma. Inhlabathi iyahluka kwenye khona amatshe humus ungqimba ahlanganiswe humus, futhi inhlanganisela khathizwe.

Inhlabathi: Derivatives izakhiwo

inhlabathi izakhiwo, morphology, ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali, kuxhumene. Inhlabathi iyahluka kwenye idwala izinkomba ezifana kwabantu bayo. isitoreji elilungile liphakathi igremu elilodwa ngalinye isentimitha cubic. Uma konga phezulu kunalesi sibalo, izimpande izitshalo kuyoba nzima zijule zidlule kulesi sendlalelo, futhi uzohlala lihlalwe muntu kubo.

inhlabathi izakhiwo kuyinto kuyizinhlayiyana Usayizi ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusungulwa mineralogical, isakhiwo, Ukwakheka khathizwe. Bonke bebambisana nenhlabathi eziningi ezindaweni ezinamadwala. Kodwa inhlabathi lihlukile isakhiwo idwala, humus umkhathizwe futhi inhlanganisela yawo.

rocks umzali

Zibizwa ngokuthi umzali. It rocks kuyiphi ukwakheka inhlabathi senzeka. Ahluke imvelaphi, ukubunjwa, isakhiwo kanye izakhiwo. Zonke inhlabathi sidlulile, kwakhiwa okuyinto phezu kwaleli dwala.

Yini ehlukanisa inhlabathi edwaleni? Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala inhlabathi kumiswa amatshe ukunikeza kubo umthelela omkhulu. Kusukela bohlu lozalo izakhi zamakhemikhali kuzo incike wenzalo yemvelo kwenhlabathi. Ngokwesibonelo, olunye uhlobo umhlabathi, okuyinto akhiwa phezu kwamadwala ezahlukene ngeke ifane.

Yini eyakha yamadwala, na?

ungqimba lomhlaba siqukethe amatshe, okuyinto zihlukaniswe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• Igneous noma omkhulu-crystalline rocks - ukuthi chilled, ekugcineni eqina magma. Wayebona ukufriza kumuntu ukujula noma ukufinyelela komhlaba. rock lezo zimali, isakhiwo obukhulu. Akulesi amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu ka lonke mass yamadwala, inhlabathi-ukwakha kodwa ayizange. Okuhlukile Ezimweni ezingavamile ezindaweni eziyizintaba.
• rocks Metamorphic akhiwa igneous noma sedimentary. Lesi sendlalelo inguquko. Uma lasendulo sedimentary amatshe kwadingeka ukuba obala okushisa aphakeme bese umfutho ophakeme, zingase zibe efana edwaleni igneous, okungasekelwe ngokuphelele wanyamalala izibonakaliso inzika. Lezi amadwala kukhona zemabula, amasleyithi, quartzite, conglomerates. 'Hwebani bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli komhlaba, kodwa ukubaluleka kwabo low inhlabathi. Kubonakaliswa ikakhulukazi kwezifunda zezintaba.
• rocks sedimentary zinezikhathi yokuthi esikhathini sethu kubo yinqubo inhlabathi kumiswa. Bona kwezakhi zanqwabelana phansi olwandle, ulwandle, umfula, ichibi ezinamanzi namathafa. Rocks wadalula weathering. Imikhiqizo imali yabo, kanye izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo abizwa ngokuthi sedimentary amatshe. Phakathi kwabo, ukwakheka inhlabathi carbonate inhlabathi ingafeza lukhulu.

Uyini weathering yamadwala?

rocks Inhlabathi-ukwakha akhiwa uxhumano obuseduze weathering, ezokuthutha kanye sebethule imikhiqizo weathering.

izinqubo Weathering yilezo kuholele ushintsho izinkomba qualitative ambalwa of amatshe namaminerali kusukela lapho yakhiwa. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zinqubo, izingqimba engenhla lithosphere kushintsha ukwakheka kwezinto zalo ezibonakalayo futhi iguqulwe ibe uqweqwe weathering.

amafomu weathering

Amadwala inhlabathi-ukwakha, noma njengoba bebizwa kanjalo, umzali, akhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya inqubo weathering, okuyinto ezintathu izinhlobo.

Physical - kulapho amadwala namaminerali zabo abamelwe babhekana kwehlukana mechanical, kodwa ukwakheka yabo zamakhemikhali uhlala ingashintshiwe. Waba yini umphumela walesi nqubo ikhono ukuzalela nokumelwe ngikhiphe emoyeni uyephuza amanzi. Lesi sakamuva has a force omkhulu obhubhisayo, ikakhulukazi phakathi umnkantsha.

weathering Chemical awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela amanzi, umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide. Amanzi amandla kuphela amaminerali akha edwaleni. noqhekeko yabo ishesha at okushisa ephakeme kanye saturation idwala-carbon dioxide. Yini ehlukanisa inhlabathi edwaleni? Waba yini umphumela wesibindi weathering amakhemikhali rocks is ahlanganiswe namaminerali entsha nasekutholeni izakhiwo ezifana ukumuncwa umthamo, lwenethiwekhi nabanye. Kodwa idwala akanawo impahla semvelo sawo kuphela inhlabathi - okuzala.

weathering eziphilayo - esigabeni sokugcina inqubo ukulungiselela umhlabathi. Umhlabathi kuhlukile edwaleni? Ukubhujiswa rocks senzeka iqhaza eziphilayo, okuyinto, kunalokho, avundisa umhlabathi, kwakheka ingxenye entsha ke. Organisms ethathwe idwala namaminerali adingekayo ukuze ikusasa inhlabathi kumiswa.

Inani nenhlabathi

Nenhlabathi ukudlala indima ebalulekile yokuphila komuntu. Bafunda hhayi kuphela ukubhekana nezinkinga wezolimo. Ukuba nolwazi mayelana inhlabathi izakhiwo, singakwazi ukuxazulula nokwakha izinkinga eziningi, izinkinga zempilo futhi amatshe yezimayini. Ukuthuthukisa ezamahlathi, izindawo oluhlaza emadolobheni, futhi, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kolwazi nenhlabathi.