Gallbladder: ukwakheka kwazo, imisebenzi isifo

Gallbladder - ipheya emise noma oyindilinga umzimba eziyize okuyinto phezu kwesibindi kwesokudla phakathi skwele iyizingxenye yayo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we gallbladder - ekuqongeleleni kanye lokuhlushwa Bile, kanye gqwa yayo "ukuthumela" ngokusebenzisa imbobo jikelele kanye fibrosis phakathi duodenum.

abantu ezahlukene gallbladder unamahlangothi ezahlukene, ubude bayo amabanga kusuka 5 kuya 13-14 cm, ububanzi - kusuka 2 kuya 4 amasentimitha, kanye namandla 30-70 ml. Ephambi kwezinduna izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo lezi nemingcele ingahluka kakhulu. Isakhiwo gallbladder zihlukaniswa umzimba, phansi kanye entanyeni, okuyinto ludlulele uvule imbobo fibrosis. Izindonga aqukethe izinhlobo ezintathu amagobolondo: imisipha, mucosa futhi zezinzwa. Ebusweni engezansi nenyongo sesinye serosa ikhava. Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila siqukethe sebuningini emphethweni, enye yazo, elise entanyeni ngokuthi heister valve, amafomu kanye imicu sphincter imisipha Lyutkensa. I zezinzwa izicubu emgodleni futhi phakathi imisipha Imicu yotshani ahlelwe iziteshi ijabulise abangenalo ukuxhumana ngalo ingaphakathi kwesinye, bebizwa uhamba Luschka.

Isibindi kanye gallbladder zitholakala ngakwesokudla quadrant engenhla, kodwa ilungiselelo nenyongo sesinye kuyohlukahluka, ngoba incike umzimba kanye nobudala. Liningi igazi livela gallbladder Bile-vesical Umthambo, ngokuvamile elisukela legatsha kwesokudla hepatic Umthambo, umthambo futhi amaningi kwakhiwa kusukela plexus emithambo yegazi, iyangena legatsha ka vein portal, ngaphakathi isibindi.

Lapho ethola ukudla gallbladder kuyehla kanye lokhu ingcindezi liphuma kulo, okungase amanzi 200-300 mm ikholomu. Ngemva kwalokho, ngo-okuvame Bile imbobo engena Bile kanzulu. Okuningi okukhulu irisidi yayo waphawula ngemva ukusetshenziswa amaqanda izikhupha, isilwane nemifino amafutha. Ukusikwa we gallbladder esikhundleni ukuphumula ngokugcwalisa isibindi sayo Bile. Amandla enkulu yale nqubo kwenzeka ebusuku.

izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo futhi isifo gallbladder libhekene ubuhlungu ngakwesokudla endaweni subcostal, ngezinye izikhathi lo epigastrium nge ngemisebe concomitant ku ingqwababa, ngokuhlanganyela ehlombe kwesokudla isiphanga. Ukuvela futhi ukwanda ubuhlungu waphawula ngemva kokuphathwa ukudla oyingozi futhi okunamafutha, amaqanda, ukudla okuthosiwe, ubhiya, iwayini, iziphuzo ezibandayo, kanye ngemva ezisindayo futhi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba ngaphansi vibration ngesikhathi ushayela futhi overvoltage neuropsychological. Nokho, ne isifo gallstone may angesabi, ngaphandle kwesizathu, okuvela kuyo ubuhlungu. Lapho dyskinesia ejwayelekile gallbladder ubuhlungu ephelezelwa zinhlekelele autonomic, izici yiziphi izithukuthuku ebandayo, esitho ndikindiki isikhumba pallor, ikhanda kanye nabanye. Ngokuvamile, lezi zifo zenzeka ne-belching, isicanucanu, umunyu emlonyeni, kanye nabanye.

Ngo ukuvuvukala ngokujulile palpation nenyongo sesinye ngakwesokudla quadrant engenhla ngqo ubuhlungu. Ubuhlungu, ukucasulwa ukuphefumula, ngokuthi uphawu Kera, esimweni ehlezi - uphawu Murphy, soreness e effleurage ongaphakeme kanye ilungelo lwaleli costal - uphawu Ortner. Izimpawu yokucasuka besisu futhi kuphakama esimweni peritonitis. Ephambi kwezinduna ukuvuvukala njalo esinyeni nenyongo akuyona okwenza khona layo wazizwa ku palpation ngakwesokudla quadrant engenhla, kanye ingcindezi amaphuzu, futhi azikho izimpawu cholecystitis.

Hlukanisa ukukhubazeka ezilandelayo gallbladder: aplasia - ukungezwakali kwawo, hypoplasia - ukunciphisa lingakanani, atresia - yokuntuleka isikhala kabili dystopia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona kombungu ezihlukahlukene (isib, nenyongo sesinye nge ejikeni) okwenzeka yokubakhona cholelithiasis asymptomatic noma emtholampilo noma cholecystitis okungamahlalakhona.