Eqopha ngezandla zakhe - ifomu wakudala phakade abasha

Umbhalo - lena uhlobo buciko, okuyinto has a ezihlukahlukene, kusetshenziswe amasu ahlukene, nakuba isimiso yesithombe Cishe efanayo: wenza isitembu ekhethekile lapho isithombe lisetshenziswa impahla.

Ukubukeka mikhondo eYurophu kungokwalabo ngekhulu le-15. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi waqala ukuthuthukisa ngentshiseko ukuphrinta, futhi lula umfanekiso izincwadi, baqala ukusebenzisa esifa lelungiselelwe. Umbhalo nesandla ekubulaweni amafonti, izithombe kanye nezinye izakhi ezengeziwe zokuhlobisa umbhalo. Ngekhulu le-18 mikhondo Japanese kwakuqala ukwanda, futhi ngekhulu le-19 - Spanish. Namuhla, umbhalo wehlukile kakhulu futhi has a lot of amasu kanye izitayela, ke kubhekene uvuke futhi.

Namuhla, abaningi umlutha lokhu lasendulo Indlela yobuciko futhi sifinyelele imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Umbhalo, enziwe ngezandla zakhe kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, kuyoba umhlobiso enkulu ekhaya lakho. Izinto ezihlukahlukene, nakuba kubhekwa metal zakudala ingasetshenziswa ukwakha kufa. Ngaphezu kwalokho ke ingasetshenziswa ngokjuni, ngamathse ngisho wax. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yezicathulo kuhluke ezisetshenziswa lapho ukuphrinta sisetshenziswa.

Ifomu eminingi yasendulo zokuqopha - Woodcuts. Isithombe lokuqala olunyathelisiwe ngamapulangwe lokhuni uvele China ekhulwini lesithupha. Okwamanje, welithi "Umfanekiso oqoshiwe" luye lwaba ngobubanzi okuningi. Le ndlela yokudala amalebuli noma izithombe usebenzisa le mikhondo kungukuthi isetshenziswa kuphela ku-wokunyathelisa, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo eziningi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-probe metal emshinini ubucwebe noma ilogo wesithombe futhi isitembu. Iphepha amanothi nazo ehlotshiswe umbhalo izithombe. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi umfanekiso lelula Ungasingatha ngisho ingane.

Indlela elula ukuphrinta izandla zabo ivuliwe ephepheni. Uzodinga bushelelezi, amakhadibhodi obukhulu noma ephepheni ukudweba. Insimbi main kungaba ezejwayelekile ummese kanye roll kanzima. Sika isithombe oseza amakhadibhodi. Khona-ke, ngesinye ephepheni nge upende roller roll, ukusoka kuyadingeka ukuze usebenzise eyodwa okungukuthi uDries eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, upende sisetshenziswa ephepheni nge ukuma amakhadibhodi. Manje kudingeka sisithathe ephepheni, okuyinto sisetshenziswa phezu isikhunta, alisibekele nabezindaba (uma ukuphrinta ngezandla zabo, ofanele kakhulu ishidi aminyene plywood). Khona-ke izikhathi eziningana umzamo yokuhamba roller cindezela. Phrinta ephepheni bese sewenze uhlelo lokuqopha.

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16, kube nephutha etching lokuqala (1513). Lo mbhalo oqoshiwe zethusi. Okudala ukusetshenziswa zinc steel, ngezinye izikhathi amapuleti zensimbi zambozwa lacquer acid nemithi. Umlando izikebhe kunesithembiso izindlela eziningi ezinengilazi ezinjalo, kodwa ngesisekelo zonke wax zabo bylii futhi asphalt ze-mastic. Master etching izinaliti of ukushuba ezehlukeneyo. Ngosizo lwabo iphethini emibi ku lacquer. Khona-ke, ubuso bomhlaba ibhodi ligcwele i acid. Metal pickled kuphela lezo zindawo lapho kuhlangana khona inaliti kuyinto ngokuphelele Imi lacquer ungqimba. Ngemva kwalokho, ibhodi kufanele kahle siyakazwe ngamanzi. Isendlalelo lacquer isuswe nge turpentine noma utshwala.

Umbhalo, enziwe ngezandla zakhe ekhaya noma studio, ngeke kuphela ukuhlobisa ikhaya lakho. Wena ukuyenga inqubo, futhi mhlawumbe nawe cishe ziyothambekela kakhudlwana ukuba aphishekele icala.