Cryostasis: yini lesi simo, futhi obani kuba eyinqaba. Isimiso sokuba utiligi. Cryostasis umuntu

Ithonya isiko mass, ikakhulukazi cinema, ezinkulu kanye elingenakuphikwa. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, okwesikhashana izithombe. Ukuthi kuyini, ngabantu njengamanje ababuthakathaka, kodwa wonke umuntu uyazi ngakho, umuntu omdala kuka ezintathu - iminyaka emihlanu, sibonga amafilimu afana "Alien" noma "Avatar". Nokho eside tokovanii kukhona imibono evamile eyiphutha kakhulu. Iningi bathi izithombe okwesikhashana - iphupho, ifana ukufa. Kodwa ncazelo esifanelana iningi ukucobeka, okuyinto yisimo esibuhlungu, concomitant ukukhathala ezinzima, umhayizo, kanye nemibhikisho eqinile okungazelelwe. A simo sokuba utiligi - bemvelo zokuzivikela nalehleliwe ukusabela esisiza ukuba basinde lapho ubhekene nezimo ezingezinhle njalo.

Umlando umsuka wenkulumo ethi

Okokuqala wathola futhi wachaza Leeuwenhoek lomkhuba, futhi kwenzeka iminyaka engamakhulu amabili nengxenye edlule. Ngo nakho ngandlela-thile okungahleliwe wabaphathisa amanzi esihlabathini ezomile. Ngemva kwesikhashana ngesibonakhulu ukubona eziphilayo elincane isimo esebenzayo. Ngemuva omiswe, base futhi zibukeke abasekho. Lezi zilwane ezincane Leeuwenhoek ngokuthi rotifers - ngokufanayo owokuqala owachaza lesi basebusika. Kuyini lokhu mkhuba, wathi Wilhelm Preyer. Walinika igama, futhi kwenzeka kamuva kakhulu, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 (noma ngaphezulu ngokunembile, ngo-1873). Ukuhumusha le nkulumo ezitholakala ezahlukeneyo ezimbili. Ngokwe- "ana" kuqala - "Cha" futhi "bios" - "ukuphila". Ingxenye yesibili, ngasendleleni, lihunyushwe njalo okufanayo. Kodwa kuqala ngezinye izikhathi aphathwe njengomuntu "entsha". Ngakho, endabeni yokuqala, asinawo "ukuphila", "ukufa sobala", okwesibili - "alulame", "abayovuswa".

Cryostasis: kuba ngokombono biology

Zonke izinqubo esivela ngalesi simo agelezela emzimbeni, ehlile kangangokuba azikho izimpawu zangaphandle zokuphila. Lesi isimiso sokuba utiligi. State ebonakaliswa Ukuwohloka kwezimo zendawo. Buphawuleka kakhulu utiligi e-bacterium, lenyama, okuyinto bayakwazi ukwakha simila, kanye nesikhunta. Ngokusho ukusatshalaliswa endaweni endaweni yokuqala izidalwa zasogwadule basabela ngendlela kuya okushisa aphakeme. Nokho ke, kufanele kuqashelwe, uma sibala utiligi, kuba into yesikhashana, wedlula bebodwa, ngokushesha nje lapho izimo ziba ngconywana emhlabeni. Akukho mandla ezengeziwe sisetshenziswa ke akudingekile ukuba lowo muntu "imvuselelo".

izinhlobo utiligi

Ngokusho imigomo imvamisa nokuqala share basebusika ku bephoqeleka futhi zonyaka. Eyokuqala iza ikhono umzimba wakhe lapho ngokungazelelwe izimo ezungezile ukushintsha ukuze ukungabaza ukhonkolo ukhona. Izibonelo wonke nakho okufanayo Leeuwenhoek.

Kwesizini ngezikhawu ezahlukene njalo; izidalwa eziphilayo uyowela kuwo i isizini okungekuhle ngabo futhi balungiselela ke kusengaphambili. Noma inamathela isigaba ethile yentuthuko. Isibonelo esingokoqobo - izinhlumba, imbewu, ezinhlamvu, singenazo izibungu zomiyane.

Ungase futhi ukhethe egcwele (iqiniso noma yangempela) kanye basebusika esinqunyiwe. Eyokuqala ezingavamile kakhulu ngokwemvelo - izimo eziningi kakhulu futhi izici okufanele luqondane. Yonke wesayensi yamakhemikhali "ukulala" umzimba zamabhasi, kodwa ikhono ukubuyisela imisebenzi ebalulekile ahlale. Akuphelele utiligi kuyahluka ekulondolozweni izinqubo kwamakhemikhali senzo. Uhlu salabo abakwaziyo ukuyisebenzisa, lisabalele okuningi.

Ngubani ongathethelela anabiosis

Uhlu akuyona omkhulu kangaka, ikakhulu uma sihlale sikhumbula izithombe kweqiniso okwesikhashana:

• amagciwane yakha ezinhlamvu;
• amakhowe - hhayi lezo zidliwa, futhi ezincane;
• ezingenamgogodla lenyama - kusukela coelenterates (ezithile) a izinambuzane ezimbalwa;
• yezilwane ezinomgogodla - amalulwane, abanye izilwane zasemhlabeni (intulo laseSiberia Dalliah futhi - izinhlanzi, okuyinto etholakala Chukotka futhi Alaska);
• izitshalo - imbewu kanye ezinhlamvu, anastatica eziphawulekayo, okuyinto awela izitho vegetative e utiligi kule ndaba.

timo letisisekelo

Ngaphandle kwamanzi emzimbeni sokuba utiligi akunakwenzeka. Nokho, akuzona zonke amanzi emzimbeni kuholela ke: silele kumele walondoloza isakhiwo amaprotheni, ukuthi iningi eziphilayo ayitholakali. Uma amaprotheni sinqamukile ngesikhathi amanzi emzimbeni, nokuvulwa wonke umzimba akuyona nokwenzeka - ke uyafa.

mpikiswano yesayensi

Phakathi ososayensi kungekho ukuvumelana ngokuthi siyini ngempela izindlela zokubhekana ezinzima izimo zemvelo akunakubangelwa welithi "utiligi." Kwenzani lokhu gama? Ukuze ukuthi kungenziwa ezihlobene kulala kwasebusika, akubona bonke abantu abavumayo. Kodwa njengoba iningi izinqubo engasenamahloni: isilwane ayidingi ukudla, hhayi kokuzikhulula, akusho uhlushwa abandayo futhi akusho Ngilambile esaphefumula, kwenhliziyo eshayayo, futhi ukusabela ezithile kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni abayeki, abacwaningi abaningi namanje sithambekele ucabanga ukuthi ubuthongo kungaba lokucabanga eyodwa akuphelele, basebusika esinqunyiwe.

Kodwa ukumiswa izinqubo ezibalulekile e nongenanembeza ukuzethemba anabiosis libhekisela kubo bonke ososayensi. Kumila isivele okungenani ukuthi ithela kulo esimweni i umzimba we amaxoxo efanayo uqale ukukhiqizwa uhlobo emelana nokubanda enhlanzini yasezindaweni ukuthi iyadingeka ukuze kugwenywe crystallization amanzi ngaphakathi emangqamuzaneni okuthiwa kukunye kuholela ekwenteni ukudabuka cell ulwelwesi, kanye nokufa besikhumba saleso silwane. Ngo frog okuvimba inhliziyo, izinso awasebenzi, akukho ukuphefumula. A amaprotheni - ingxenye ezingavikelekile kakhulu zalo umzimba - is iguqulwe ibe hydrogel, efanayo ngokubukeka ukuze gelatin ezomile. Ngo okwesikhashana izithombe frog ubukeka akuhlukile kwabafileyo. Nokho, nge ukufudumala inhliziyo iqala ukushaya futhi yonke imisebenzi zibuyiselwe.

Amathemba indoda

Uma wake abe kungenzeka basebusika womuntu, umuthi ngokushesha ukuya ezingeni elilandelayo. Kuyoba lula ukulondoloza ubuqotho umzimba isisulu e bakwazi ukuyiphulukisa. Itholakala ukufakazela travel interstellar (khumbula futhi cosmic eqanjiwe movie). Nokho, asikho isidingo ongakulindela intuthuko enjalo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.