Crossover ezikhulumini - kuyini futhi kungani

Uma ufaka i-stereo uhlelo lesimanje umnikazi imoto kufanele ukukhetha crossover lesifanele. Lokhu kukhetha ulula uma wazi futhi uqonde ukuthi ikuphi kuhloswe, futhi njengengxenye simiso kule divayisi ezosebenza. Ngakho, ake ubone ukuthi crossover for izikhulumi.

Izimpawu, injongo

Crossover - kuyinto imishini ekhethekile uhlelo isikhulumi enikeziwe, umsebenzi oyinhloko okuyinto ukukhiqiza wayefisa Ibhendi yokuvama ngoba isikhulumi ngasinye. Njengoba yaziwa, yiluphi uhlelo isikhulumi eyenzelwe ibanga eqondile yokusebenza amaza. isignali okukhipha, sidla ukuba ikholomu kwebanga kungaholela ukuhlanekezela umsindo. Ngakho, uma isicelo imvamisa isikhulumi ongaphakeme nzima kuyo, khona-ke isithombe umsindo ngeke uhlanekezelwe. Uma imvamisa siphezulu kakhulu, khona-ke umnini uhlelo uzokwazi ukubhekana hhayi kuphela umsindo angahleliwe, kodwa ukwehluleka ephezulu ugesi. Kugcine nje ngeke bakwazi ukusekela imodi enjalo wokusebenza.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, umsebenzi ephezulu imvamisa izikhulumi - ukudlala umsindo kuphela amaza okusezingeni eliphezulu. Low-imvamisa izinhlelo acoustic usebenze ngokwehlukile. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho amiswe ezingxenyeni ezahlukene kuleli gumbi engangikulo umgibeli. Kunjalo-avareji imvamisa imisindo. Basuke wasuthisa kuphela isikhulumi, oluvelele maphakathi no-range amaza.

Ngakho-ke, i-eliphezulu ukudlala umculo amathrekhi emotweni yakho kumele sandiswe amaza ezithile ubakhonze ngokuqinile Izikhulumi ezithile. Ngenxa yale njongo futhi isidingo crossover umsindo.

kanjani

umklamo zedivayisi ulula. Lesi sihlungi ezimbili imvamisa isebenza kanje. Ngakho, lapho nihlukana imvamisa 1000 Hz, omunye okuhlungayo ezimbili ngeke nokunikeza ngamafrikhwensi ngezansi lesi sibalo. Lemifanekiso yesibili uzosebenzisana ibhendi yokuvama ngenhla uphawu. Izihlungi amagama abo siqu. Low-pass yakhelwe ukusebenza nge amaza ongaphakeme abafika kwabangu-1000 Hz. High-pass izinqubo kuphela amaza e uhla ngenhla 1000 Hz.

Ngokwalesi simiso tisebenta ezimbili indlela i-device. Nokho, emakethe namuhla, kukhona emithathu endleleni crossover. Umehluko omkhulu lapha - kungenye lemifanekiso, ukusisingatha naphakathi amaza ezisukela 600 Hz 1000 Hz.

Okuningi okufika umsindo iziteshi imvamisa futhi bebanika ukudla ukuze izikhulumi elihambisana lezi amaza kuholela umsindo kangcono ngaphakathi imoto.

izici Technical crossovers

amadivaysi eziningi zanamuhla yilezi inductors futhi capacitors. imikhiqizo value kwakhiwa kuye ngenani kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza lezi zinto.

Kungani le capacitor kanye lekhoyili ingxenye crossover for izikhulumi? Lona iningi elula rocket izingxenye. Bona ephansi bakwazi ukusingatha amaza ezahlukene. I capacitor kungase ukwaba futhi sicubungule imvamisa high, kuyilapho ikhoyili usebenza imisindo ephansi. Abakhiqizi ngokuphumelelayo usebenzise lezi izakhiwo kanye wenza idivayisi ikhipha ezilula kodwa eziphumelelayo.

Isibalo izingxenye esisheshayo kuthinta umthamo kwezihlungi: 1 - Sebenzisa isici esisodwa, 2 - izakhi ezimbili. Kuye inani izingxenye esisheshayo kanye uhlelo crossover wesifunda ukuhlunga at amaza ezahlukene ukuthi ayifanele eziteshini ezithile. It kungenziwa bazitshela: kulapho circuit kuyinto izakhi esisheshayo, le crossovers kangcono isikhulumi izohlunga isiginali. filtration izikimu anezici ezithile. Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "emthambekeni komnotho." Ngamanye amazwi, kungcono ukuzwela. Kuye ezingeni "steepness recession", yonke imikhiqizo emakethe zingahlukaniswa zibe imodeli kuqala, ebangeni lesibili, lesithathu nelesine.

imishini yekwentiwa

crossover Passive ngokuba udluliseleke - kuba ikhambi ezivamile. Wayengase ngokuvamile itholakala emakethe namuhla. Njengoba leli gama lisikisela, le divayisi akudingeki i eyengeziwe ugesi. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi imoto kuyoba kusheshe kakhulu futhi kulula ukwenza ukufakwa imishini yokukhulisa umsindo. Ububi leli qembu amadivayisi lula akuyona isiqinisekiso izinga njalo.

Ngenxa yokwenziwa uhlelo wesifunda ithatha ingxenye amandla for ukusebenza lemifanekiso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izingxenye esisheshayo ukushintsha isigaba shift. Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu akulona ethile ezimbi kakhulu. Nokho, lokho akusho ibe nomzimba omncane ngangokunokwenzeka ukwenza izinhlelo zokulinganiswa. Lokhu ukungabi ayinakho crossover asebenzayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi naphezu umklamo eziyinkimbinkimbi, alalelwayo imvamisa ukugeleza ngazo kangcono kakhulu elicwengekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba khona kulesi sifunda kuyinto ohlobo hhayi kuphela ngaphezulu futhi capacitors, kodwa Semiconductors, onjiniyela dala amadivayisi eliphezulu nge ngaphezulu Ubukhulu ezihlangene. crossover Active lengatfolakali module ehlukile. Nokho, noma yimuphi amplifier has izihlungi asebenzayo enjalo.

Kanjani ukuthi lilungiselele idivayisi kahle?

Ukuze uthole ephezulu yomsindo emotweni yakho, udinga ukukhetha imvamisa ngakwesokudla lapho bonke ngokweqile liyonqanyulwa. Endabeni yamadivayisi asebenzayo amaviyo amathathu, udinga ukuthola ezimbili asikiwe iphuzu. Eyokuqala ubuso uphawu ku uhla phakathi imisindo ephansi, futhi phakathi. Esesibili - umahluko phakathi imvamisa phakathi futhi okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Kanjani ukubala izandla zakho siqu?

ukubala crossover ngokuba udluliseleke - kuba inqubo ebalulekile. Kodwa akekho umakhi wawungeke ukukhiqiza ephelele uhlelo umsindo, obekungadala siyakwazi nokuzala high quality umsindo in ezahlukene ezahlukene. Ukuze imvamisa ongaphakeme isebenzisa subwoofers. maphakathi no-range izipikha asetshenziselwa medium. Kodwa lapho sonke eziyinkimbinkimbi liyokhala, kungase kubangele ukudideka. Yingakho kukhona crossover e udluliseleke - othile isikhulumi kwakumane isignali imvamisa ezithile. Ukuze uhlelo okuguquguqukayo noma yimuphi omunye isiteshi kudivayisi amplifier lokuqala ixhunyiwe, kuhlukane isignali. Lona zokuhlunga. Okufakwe ne izikhulumi usuvele unayo crossovers yokwenziwa, okuyinto ekhiqizwa futhi yakhelwe yizimboni.

Kodwa kuthiwani uma ufuna ukuba kwahlukaniswe imvamisa umsindo isimiso ezahlukene? Awunayo ngesandla ukubala lutho - zobuchwepheshe isikhathi lwethu ngisho imisebenzi kunazo alula lapho isofthiwe. Ngakho lezi izibalo kukhona uhlelo, isibonelo Crossover Elements Calculator.

Isinyathelo sokuqala uhlelo iqondiswa ukumelana ukubaluleka LF futhi RF izipikha, okuvame 4 ohms. Ngaphezu kwalokho injected imvamisa ukuthi ithuluzi kumele ahlukaniswe. Ngokushesha ukwethula nokuhleleka crossover. Khona-ke, cindezela inkinobho bese ulinda kuze uhlelo kuyoholela. Ngenxa yalokho, kuzakubuyela ishadi ukuthi ibala leli capacitors kudingekile nocingo nemingcele input.

ukhethe Izici

Imakethe inikeza uhla lamadivayisi ziyehluka izinga, izindleko, umthengisi eqondene. Khetha crossover for izikhulumi akulula - awukwazi nje siyebathengela into oyithandile. Kukhethwa senziwa Izikhulumi ezithile. Zicabange subwoofer Imiphumela imvamisa ongaphakeme ku ekupha 18 kuya 200 Hz, eveza Midrange amaza 200 kuya ku-1000 Hz, kanye eliphezulu - kusukela 1000 kuya 16000 Hz. Kulesi amplifier uye akukho esakhelwe lemifanekiso nokuzala amaza ku uhla kusuka 18 kuya 20,000 Hz. Kulolu daba, idinga emithathu endleleni crossover, uyakwazi ukuze lelisu zokuhlunga kulezi amabanga.

Futhi, lapho ukhetha unaka inani bands. Enye ipharamitha ezibalulekile - imvamisa ububanzi. Qiniseka ukuba acabangele bandwidth. amadivaysi Multilayer kokuba sensitivity high, kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ngcono izinga umsindo.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sathola ukuthi crossover nokuthi yini umsebenzi ke wenza. Njengoba ubona, lokhu ngempela into ebalulekile ohlelweni umsindo wemoto.