Transistor Bipolar - lisisakhiwo ngoba yokukhulisa izwi yezinzwa

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa kokubili ezifuywayo international kagesi kanye electronics wadlala indima ebalulekile zinsizakuphila Semiconductor ezifana Transistor okuguquguqukayo.

Transistor Bipolar - idivayisi, kokuba ukubunjwa yayo emibili oxhumene PN okuhlangana kuyo, kusekelwe Semiconductor izinto. Lolu hlobo Transistor has ezikhumulweni ezintathu. Yokukhulisa izwi izici, okuyinto has a Transistor okuguquguqukayo, wachaza ngesisekelo ulwazi lufinyelele ezingeni futhi mpilo platelet amacala Semiconductor (umjovo aphethwe kanye nezinqubo isizinda, ngokulandelana), kanye nemithetho umugqa wemiyalo.

Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezimbili eyinhloko transistors okuguquguqukayo, okuyinto abelwe njengokwesimiso lapho kukhona alternation ezifundeni ezahlukene conductivity uhlobo Semiconductor elisetshenziswa isampuli: uhlobo npn futhi pnp. Izinzuzo uhlobo olulodwa phezu kweminye ayikwazi zihlukaniswa ngoba umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo transistors kuphela lokho polarity we wamandla wangaphandle umthombo ixhunywe omunye noma kwenye idivayisi esibulalayo.

Transistor - kudivayisi okuguquguqukayo phezu kwala maphuzu amathathu main: ngalendoda, isizinda kanye emitter. Ngamunye izici ixhunyiwe, njengoba umthetho, elilodwa esigungwini.

transistors Bipolar zivame oluthathwa by amandla ukushabalalisa, ikhishwe ngalendoda. Ngalokhu ipharamitha amadivayisi zihlukaniswe ephansi amandla transistors (mayelana 0.3 W), eliphakathi (0.3 kuya watt isigamu) kanye okusezingeni eliphezulu (1.5 watts). Esinye isimiso Ukwahlukaniswa transistors - labaseminyakeni ibanga lokuvama. Ngo zinsizakuphila isimiso ngokwahlukana ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana imvamisa amadivayisi ongaphakeme (ezinhlanu MHz), imvamisa naphakathi (5 MHz ukuze 35 MHz), hf (kusuka 35 MHz ukuze 350 MHz) kanye microwave (phezu 350MHz) transistors.

Transistor ngamunye okuguquguqukayo uthola mshini ngokuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke osebenzayo. Njengomthetho, isiqu yakhiwa izinhlamvu eziyisithupha noma eziyisikhombisa (izinombolo noma izinhlamvu). Ukumakwa kumele ukhombise nohlobo impahla, uhlobo idivayisi ngokwayo, futhi imvamisa izici zedivayisi amandla. Futhi, ukufaka kungacacisa ukuthi uhlobo kanye nenombolo ye-serial ukuthuthukiswa yomkhiqizo. Ngakho, igama elithi the Transistor - passport idivayisi, okuyinto kwembula zonke izici ukhiye zedivayisi.

Kukhona izindlela ezine eziyisisekelo ukusebenza kwe-Transistor okuguquguqukayo:

• imodi asebenzayo lapho ndima ivulekile futhi uvaliwe emitter vesi ngalendoda;
• usike-off, lapho bobabili ushintsho (futhi emitter futhi ngalendoda) zivaliwe futhi akukho sidlulile ohlangothini phambili;
• ukugcwaliswa - imodi cutoff okuphambene lapho nalesi kuze ngalendoda ovulekile futhi emitter;
• kombhala (Imodi nabokhulumile) - isigaba lapho kuhlangana ngalendoda ivulekile futhi emitter is abangenamakhaya kolunye uhlangothi (hhayi okuhambisa a "oqondile" lamanje).

Kuye ekutheni yiziphi electrode (ezikhumulweni) we Transistor kuba zivamile asibekela ka okhulisa kanye input bese okukhipha zamanje, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo amadivayisi kufakwe wesifunda: a Transistor okuguquguqukayo nge emitter ezivamile, ngalendoda noma isizinda. Kuye ngokuthi uhlobo olunjani ukushintsha amadivayisi esetshenziswa isigaba esithile, ungasebenzisa izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene Transistor.

Ekuphetheni, siphawula ukuthi namuhla transistors okuguquguqukayo kabanzi electronics kanye electronics analog. Lezi amadivayisi ezincane ezisetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene okhulisa izigaba ngaphandle kwabo kwakungeke kube nendlela yokudala-amplifier tekusebenta - idivaysi uvunyelwe ukudala yenguquko ukusuka analog ukuba busebenze digital. Ngakho-ke, i-Transistor okuguquguqukayo angabhekwa omunye eyisisekelo kunazo zonke amadivayisi Semiconductor, ukuthuthukiswa wabeka isisekelo electronics yesimanje.