Kuyini ukuwohloka komqondo? Dementia: izimbangela, amafomu, uphethwe, ukuphathwa

Kuyini ukuwohloka komqondo, iziphi izimpawu zalesi sifo futhi indlela yokuphatha kulo? Enye igama lesi sifo - komqondo, ehlanganisa iqembu elikhulu izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu kungathinta amakhono engqondo nawokuxoxa yezenhlalakahle iziguli, kwakuphazamisa kakhulu ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke. Namuhla sifunda ukuthi kuyinto komqondo senile, izimpawu, ekwelapheni lesi sifo. Futhi ukuba uqonde indlela yokubhekana indoda onjengaye kungasiza kufike okunxanelekayo ukuvikela.

Symptomatology kuncike nesigaba lesi sifo

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini komqondo, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini kukhona okubonakalisa isifo. I kukhona walolu hlobo, kuye ngokuthi inkathi yentuthuko izimpawu isifo:

Ngesinye isikhathi izimpawu zezifo:

- Iziphazamiso.

- I-akhawunti Ukulahlekelwa isikhathi.

- Ukulahlekelwa ukuma endaweni evamile.

2 izimpawu esiteji komqondo yilezi:

- Memory ukulahlekelwa maqondana ngisho nalabo ezenzeka muva nje.

- Ukulahlekelwa orientation.

- Ubunzima wokukhulumisana.

- Helpless (umuntu akakwazi ukukhonza ngokwakho, ugqoke, udle, njll ...).

komqondo Senile, izimpawu zayo esigabeni sesithathu migqa elandelayo:

- Kukhona ukuhlukumeza kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuma ngesikhathi futhi emkhathini.

- Umuntu uyayeka ukuba aqaphele ngisho nabantu osondelene nabo.

- Yena uyama ukwenza izinto eziyisisekelo ngaye (ukuze ugqoke, udle, njll ...).

- washaya umuntu Awukwazi ukuhambisa ngokuzimela.

- Uye waba incontinent umchamo kanye endleni.

- Ivela ukuziphatha uncharacteristic evamile umuntu osekhulile (ubudlova, isifuthefuthe sentukuthelo, uvalo).

ukuqashelwa zesifo

Lapho izimpawu zokuqala of kahle inkumbulo, ukunakwa, ukuziphatha kudingeka ukuya ngokushesha onguchwepheshe, ubani oyakuninika isiqondiso ukudlula kokuxilongwa ukuze aqede nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi komqondo. Ukuxilongwa lesi sifo ukwenza izinqubo ezifana:

- ngekhompyutha tomography.

- Radionuclide ubuchopho scan.

- electroencephalogram - indlela ucwaningo kobuchopho umsebenzi kagesi.

- Hlola imithambo yegazi.

- luhlolo bacteriological ka cerebrospinal fluid - uketshezi afundwa kakhulu ventricles zobuchopho.

- Biopsy we ketshezi ebuchosheni.

- Gcwalisa segazi futhi urinalysis.

- luhlolo ngumuntu wezinzwa, kwengqondo, ophthalmologist.

Amafomu izinhlobo izifo

Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili komqondo:

1. Ubude.
2. Kwengxenye.

Okwesibili lento esingokwemvelo ukuphambuka sína inkumbulo yesikhashana at efanayo izinguquko esikhandlayo ngokomzwelo abangekho libizwa. Kukhona kuphela ukukhala futhi ukuzwela ngokweqile.

Dementia libhekene Imininingwane lingcole egcwele siqu. Umuntu kuphula bokusungula, engqondweni yethu, sphere ngokomzwelo wokuphila, imizwa nemizwelo yakhe ziyashintsha kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isiguli elahlekile umuzwa ihlazo, isibopho asinaso izithakazelo ezibalulekile kanye namagugu.

Manje phenya izigaba zesifo, kulesi simo komqondo ubuchopho uhlukaniswe:

- Ukuhlupheka uhlobo atrophic (lokhu Alzheimer futhi Khetha sika). Kwenzeka ku isizinda primary ukusabela esiwohlozayo e emangqamuzaneni CNS.

- komqondo Umhlinzi eba ngenxa okungafanele kwegazi ohlelweni ubuchopho semithambo.

- okuxubile uhlobo isifo - ekhuthaza we izinhlobo ezimbili lokuqala isifo.

izimbangela

izinkinga komqondo kufundvwe isikhathi eside, kodwa namanje abanye abantu abazi ukuthi lesi sifo akusona ukuchayeka womuntu ukuze imimoya emibi (njengabantu ngabanye kholwa). Liphinde abangekho baqonde engcupheni lesi sifo, ngaphandle yokuthi ubudala nje kuphela ubudala. Nokho, lokhu akunjalo. Dementia kwenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezithile. Izimbangela ngalokhu kugula zihlanganisa:

- Ufuzo.

- Ukuba khona pathologies ukuthi okuyoholela ekubhujisweni noma ukonakala amangqamuzana obuchopho.

- ukulimala Yekhanda.

- Ithumba ubuchopho.

- Alcoholism.

- multiple sclerosis.

- encephalitis okunobuthi.

- Okungalapheki-meningitis.

- Neurosyphilis.

isifo Pick sika

Enye igama isifo - komqondo frontal kusikisela ukuba khona kwezinso esiwohlozayo iyizingxenye behlupha yesikhashana futhi frontal zobuchopho. Ngo-50% amacala isifo Khetha ibonakala ngenxa isici zofuzo. Top isifo izinguquko esingokwemvelo ezifana:

- passivity nesizungu emphakathini;

- ukuthula;

- ukucobeka;

- indiva imithetho ngokulinganisela;

- ukuziphatha okubi ngokobulili;

- incontinence urinary;

- bulimia - isifo sengqondo elihlobene ne ukudla. Ngenxa yalesi isifo libhekene waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi esesuthi, oqala ngokuthi indlala ezibuhlungu.

Abantu abenza ehlaselwa yilesi sifo, musa aphile iminyaka engaphezu kuka-10. Bayafa ka baxhashazwe noma genitourinary, ukutheleleka yamaphaphu.

komqondo Alcoholic: Izici

Lolu hlobo komqondo kwenzeka ngenxa ephuza utshwala ebuchosheni (iminyaka 15-20). State komqondo oludakayo zingase zibe zimbi emva ukwehluleka okuphelele kwazo isiguli kusuka iziphuzo oludakayo. Lolu hlobo komqondo abantu esezikhulile ezazivame kudla utshwala. Inani ukusetshenziswa ngokuvamile ezanda nane izingilazi iwayini ngesonto nokuphezulu esingenamkhawulo kosuku. Lapho komqondo utshwala in iziguli uhlangabezana kwempilo nangokwengqondo, kuhlanganise kwengqondo, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukungabi nandaba. Futhi, kukhona nokungalali, ukudideka ebusuku, ukucasuka, ukungahlaliseki. Uma umuntu akagcini ngesikhathi futhi ungaqali ukwelashwa, khona-ke has a unhlangothi kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile kule ndaba, ungagijimi sifo indiva isiguli.

ukuphathwa isifo

Kuze kube manje, ososayensi Awukakadali sinye isimangaliso iphilisi bazokwazi ukwelapha lesi sifo. Kuyini ukuwohloka komqondo, wazi ngokuzibonela ukuthi izigidi ezingu-35 imindeni emhlabeni wonke. Yilokho inani leziguli abalwa-World Health Organization. Kodwa namanje isimo umuntu abathintekayo, nokwazi ngokuqinile enze izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukunikeza ukunakekelwa, ukuphepha sokulandela umthetho mayelana mikhakha abantu.
2. Ukukhomba kanye ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi izifo concomitant.
3. Hhayi ukuthola belated nokulungisa elokugula ngengqondo nokuphazamiseka izinkinga zokulala.
4. ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa nge isifo imithi Alzheimer, isibonelo, kuhlanganisa i-tablet njenge "Amiridin", "Memantine", "selegine". A ukusetshenziswa kwalezi izixazululo ngokwelashwa komuntu olahlekelwa yingqondo semithambo, njengoba "galantamine", "Nicergoline".

Ukuze unhlangothi lokuvikela njengoba izinkinga ezazingase we komqondo, lo Udokotela angase anikeze isiguli imithi ngokumelene thrombosis, ekunciphiseni ingcindezi, ukunciphisa cholesterol. Futhi Uchwepheshe sinquma imithi isiguli walala kangcono. A thuthuva kokuziphatha ngesikhathi Udokotela angase anikeze isiguli sedatives, antidepressant nokunye okunjalo. D.
ngaleyo ndlela ngokwelashwa komuntu olahlekelwa yingqondo ziqondiswe nokuqedwa izimpawu, ekuthuthukiseni inkumbulo, namakhono engqondo motor umsebenzi.

zokuvimbela

Kuyini ukuwohloka komqondo azibonela, manje yisikhathi sokuba ufunde mayelana izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba ukuba ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo:

1. Ukuhlonipha ngendlela enempilo ngaphandle utshwala.
2. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze izivivinyo ngokwengqondo nsuku zonke (crossword puzzle, puzzle, ukufunda izincwadi, futhi ingxoxo wayo, njalo njalo. N.)
3. yokutakula Isilinganiso ngemuva kokuxinwa yisifo sohlangothi, encephalitis nezinye izifo, okungase ukuthuthukisa ngemva komqondo.
4. ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi izifo kwezitho zangaphakathi kubantu abadala.
5. ukuqapha okuphoqelekile amazinga igazi glucose.
6. Ukuvimbela isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi (umsoco nokuzimisela yonyaka sephrofayela lipid - isifundo wegazi emithambo yegazi).
7. Sebenza production-non-enobuthi.
8. Ukulawula amazinga egazi cholesterol.
9. Ukuyeka ukubhema.

Nokho ngephutha bekholelwa ukuthi ngokwenza zonke izinto ngenhla ngeke uqale lesi sifo. Dementia ngokuyinhloko isici ngofuzo, ngoba izifo eziningi angadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane futhi kungabangela komqondo. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani maqondana umuntu abathintekayo, futhi yini kufanele uyinake.

Amathiphu iziguli kanye izihlobo zabo

ngaleyo ndlela komqondo Senile, izimpawu zazo yokuhamba komunye esigabeni kwesinye, bese bedlulela ukuba ngokwanele ziqondakala izihlobo lomuntu ogulayo. Futhi lokhu udinga ukusiza lesi sihlobo sakho, bamangala, ngcono izinga lempilo nokuphepha. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa ngala macebiso alandelayo:

1. Lungisa ipulani lokunakekela abagulayo. Lo msebenzi okumele wenziwe futhi wena ukuqonda ukuthi yini injongo kokuqondisa asebekhulile. Ukudala uhlelo esinjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uthintane odokotela, abameli kanye namanye amalungu omkhaya. Nazi amaphuzu ayinhloko kuso isihlobo kufanele iphendvulwe:

- Kwenzekani kumuntu onalesi sifo ukwelashwa? Yini okumele uyilindele kusuka kule yokwelapha?

- Ingabe ngidinga ukunakekelwa indoda ngoba noma angase uhlala wedwa?

- Obani amalungu omkhaya kuyoba ikakhulukazi obhekene isiguli?

- Ingabe kudingekile ukuze usize umuntu ukuba badle, baphuze, izidakamizwa, ugeza?

- noma ngabe ukufakwa amadivayisi ukuphepha edingekayo endlini lapho isiguli (isibonelo, wafaka lithathelwe ethambile amakhona ifenisha, ukuthenga ngombhede okhethekile, ukwenza sivala phezu emafasiteleni, ukufaka okuqapha, njll).?

- Ingabe kudingekile ukuze unciphise umuntu ushayela imoto?

- Yiziphi izifiso isiguli mayelana nokwelashwa kwakhe futhi amnakekele?

2. Thenga ikhalenda esikhethekile nsuku zonke.

Kulesi idayari kuyodingeka ukugcina zonke imisebenzi mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo umuntu abathintekayo bangakhohlwa kuze ukuhlanza amazinyo. Futhi phambi into ngayinye uzodinga ukubeka umkhaza ukuthi usuphelile. Abathandekayo ingafunda uhlole konke ikhalenda elenza isiguli, owavele, uzobe kahle guided ezindabeni zansuku zonke kanye nokukhathazeka kwabo.

3. Londoloza oda nokuhlala njalo izilaleli ekhaya.

Permanent, ethule futhi ajwayelekile imvelo uyoqeda imizwa yokukhathazeka, ukuyaluza, ukudideka. Kodwa lesi simo esisha, futhi izinto zakho, uyakucindezelwa kuphela liphazamisane oda iziguli komqondo, futhi kabi abaqeqeshiwe nokufunda izinto ezintsha ngabo.

4. Beka umuntu abathintekayo ukulala ngesikhathi.

Izenzo nezenzo asebekhulile kungaba kubi kakhulu ebusuku ngenxa yokukhathala noma, isibonelo, ngenxa yokukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka okubangelwa ukwehla iLuminance. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanakekela abagulayo, kuyadingeka ukwethula nenqubo ecacile ukuze bathole ukuphumula esifike ngesikhathi ebusuku. Lokhu kudinga isiguli ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni TV noma amalungu omndeni asebenzayo. Unganikezi osekhulile ikhofi umuntu, ikakhulukazi ntambama.

I nakho okubuhlungu zabantu yokunakekelwa kweziguli

Abantu abaye mathupha inkinga, kubonakala futhi wanakekela ilungu lomndeni ogulayo, ngokuvamile ngolwazi kanye ukuklabalasa okungokomzwelo Inthanethi. Phela, eziyinqaba very scary ukubona, njengomuntu omdala, umuntu ophumelelayo uguqulwe ingane akasabeli amazwi abo noma izenzo. Ngakho abantu abaningi basekelane, okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ukwelashwa kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ezifana komqondo. Izibuyekezo lwabantu kwadingeka ukuba sihlale siseduze umuntu moronic phezu izinkundla bathi kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nabo lapho kukhona eduze nasekhaya, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi eyisihambi. Ezinye uthele umphefumulo, bayakhala inyembezi nilile ngenxa yokuthi umkhulu wabo othandekayo, ugogo, umama, ubaba wabanjwa nalesi sifo. Nokho, zonke benakekela abathandekayo babo, futhi ungalahli ithemba ukuthi ngeke zize zibe ngcono. Futhi lena ngempela evamile, ngoba sonke sifuna ukubona abathandekayo babo kukhona abantu banempilo futhi bajabule. Kodwa kukhona Izibuyekezo ezingezinhle, aziqondakali kanti ezinye ziyethusa kabi okuhlukumezayo. Abantu nje angeke ukumelana uthola isiphetho esinjena kwesihlobo bona balinde, futhi kasoze abone ukufa laphakade yakhe, okuzithethelela ngokwabo kwalesi umthwalo.

Kodwa lokhu sibi. Emva isiguli akuyona ukuthi nembala unecala, waba yisisulu lesi sifo ezifana komqondo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi abathandekayo kufanele iphathe ushintsho olunjalo engqondo ngokuqonda, akunakwenzeka ukuba ngiphikisane naye futhi ukugxeka umuntu imbecile, kubalulekile ukulawula ngokuziphatha kwayo. Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi uJehova akayena unkulunkulu uyazi izenzo zabo futhi amazwi, ngakho akudingeki ukuba aziqinisekise ngobufakazi obuthile, ngandlela-thile, futhi ukuqinisekisa ngicasukile ngaphezulu. izihlobo futhi lapho izimpawu zokuqala zesifo kufanele sibonise odokotela babo we ilungu lomndeni ethintekile. Futhi ochwepheshe kuzokusiza ukhethe imikhiqizo ngcono izinqubo umzimba kwenza ubuchopho, futhi ngenxa yalesi sifo akusho ukuba zimbi kakhulu.

Sithanda ukufisela umndeni nabangane abaye bahlala ezandleni iziguli ezinjalo, nesineke, ezolile futhi ukuqonda. Sidinga ukuxhumana kaningi nomuntu obuthaka abanomqondo ovulekile, ngoba kudingeka tekuchumana. Nokho, uma wonke umndeni uyokusekela lowo lucwaningo ukunakekelwa nesineke ephelele, kanye ngubani empeleni amangala futhi uzokusiza futhi ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwakhe.

Manje uyazi ukuthi yini komqondo, izimpawu, ngokwelashwa komuntu olahlekelwa yingqondo kwasebekhulile. Sithole ukuthi uma umuntu izimpawu eyinhloko isifo, khona-ke akufanele shelve umkhankaso Ochwepheshe, noma isifo bachubeka kuphela. Futhi esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo udokotela kungasiza ukukhulisa iziguli izidakamizwa kukhishelwa ukuthi inkumbulo futhi umzimba izinqubo ebuchosheni. Kubalulekile futhi baqaphele ngenxa elungwini lomkhaya enjalo, ngoba yena ngokwakhe ngokucacile kungasizi kulesi simo.